The American Association for Thoracic Surgery (AATS) 2022 Expert Consensus Document: The use of mechanical circulatory support in lung transplantation

ObjectiveThe use of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) in lung transplantation has been steadily increasing over the prior decade, with evolving strategies for incorporating support in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative settings. There is significant practice variability in the use of these techniques, however, and relatively limited data to help establish institutional protocols. The objective of the AATS Clinical Practice Standards Committee (CPSC) expert panel was to review the existing literature and establish recommendations about the use of MCS before, during, and after lung transplantation.MethodsThe AATS CPSC assembled an expert panel of 16 lung transplantation physicians who developed a consensus document of recommendations. The panel was broken into subgroups focused on preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative support, and each subgroup performed a focused literature review. These subgroups formulated recommendation statements for each subtopic, which were evaluated by the entire group. The statements were then developed via discussion among the panel and refined until consensus was achieved on each statement.ResultsThe expert panel achieved consensus on 36 recommendations for how and when to use MCS in lung transplantation. These recommendations included the use of veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as a bridging strategy in the preoperative setting, a preference for central veno-arterial ECMO over traditional cardiopulmonary bypass during the transplantation procedure, and the benefit of supporting selected patients with MCS postoperatively.ConclusionsAchieving optimal results in lung transplantation requires the use of a wide range of strategies. MCS provides an important mechanism for helping these critically ill patients through the peritransplantation period. Despite the complex nature of the decision making process in the treatment of these patients, the expert panel was able to achieve consensus on 36 recommendations. These recommendations should provide guidance for professionals involved in the care of end-stage lung disease patients considered for transplantation.     

基于文本挖掘和生物医学数据库的新型冠状病毒肺炎药物发现

目的 基于文本挖掘技术和生物医学数据库对新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）相关文献进行数据挖掘分析，探究COVID-19及其主要症状发热、咳嗽、呼吸障碍相关基因靶点，筛选潜在有效的化学药和中药。方法 使用GenCLiP 3网站获取COVID-19和其主要症状咳嗽、发热、呼吸障碍共4个关键词的共有靶点，在METASCAPE数据库中对其进行基因本体（GO）和通路富集分析，再利用String数据库和Cytoscape软件构建共有靶点的蛋白质相互作用网络，筛选获得核心基因，运用DGIdb数据库、SymMap数据库针对核心基因进行中西医治疗药物预测。结果 获得COVID-19及其主要症状共有基因靶点28个，其中有IL2、IL1B、CCL2等核心基因16个，使用DGIdb数据库筛选获得与16个关键靶点相互作用的化学药包括沙利度胺、来氟米特、环孢素等28种，中药包括虎杖、黄芪、芦荟等70味。结论 COVID-19及其主要症状的病理机制可能和CD4、KNG1、VEGFA等28个共有基因相关，可能通过介导TNF、IL-17等信号通路参与COVID-19病理过程。潜在有效药物可能通过作用相关靶点通路起到治疗COVID-19的作用。     

锁骨钩钢板内固定术后钢板钩与肩峰匹配性影像学研究

目的通过测量锁骨钩钢板内固定术后患者影像学资料，分析发生肩峰骨侵蚀的原因是否与钢板钩-肩峰匹配度相关。 方法回顾性分析2015年8月1日至2018年8月31日期间在上海市浦东医院骨科就诊的210例患者的影像学资料，210例患者均因肩锁关节脱位或锁骨远端骨折行锁骨钩钢板内固定治疗，其中男110例、女100例；年龄24~76岁，平均（44.60±8.75）岁；肩锁关节脱位70例，锁骨远端骨折140例。测量术后及终末随访患者肩锁关节正位X线片相关数据，按锁骨钩钢板术后是否发生肩峰骨侵蚀，将纳入患者分为3组：无骨侵蚀组（A组）、伴钢板钩移位骨侵蚀组（B组）、不伴移位的骨侵蚀组（C组），分别测量钢板钩-肩峰的匹配度（β），统计分析术后发生肩峰骨侵蚀与钢板钩-肩峰匹配度之间的关系。 结果纳入研究的210例患者术后随访24~64周，平均（32.0±6.5）周。A组患者115例，B组患者54例，C组患者41例。A组匹配度β（3.72±0.48）mm与B组β¹（6.91±0.84）mm比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；A组匹配度β（3.72±0.48）mm与C组β²（5.88±0.65）mm比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；B组匹配度β¹（6.91±0.84）mm与C组β²（5.88±0.65）mm比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论锁骨钩钢板内固定术后是否发生肩峰骨侵蚀与钢板钩-肩峰匹配度β存在明显相关性，钢板钩与肩峰之间的匹配度越好，β值越小，发生肩峰骨侵蚀的可能性更小。     

特纳综合征患者骨质疏松的研究进展

特纳综合征(TS)是女性常见的性染色体异常疾病,与多种疾病共存。越来越多的证据表明TS患者有较高的骨质疏松患病率,本文就近年来TS中骨质疏松的危险因素及管理治疗的相关研究进展做一综述。