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1.
ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic weight of multimorbidity and functional impairment over long-term mortality among older patients discharged from acute care hospitals.DesignA prospective multicenter observational study.Setting and ParticipantsOur series consisted of 1967 adults aged ≥65 years consecutively admitted to acute care wards in Italy, in the context of the Report-AGE project.MethodsAfter signing a written informed consent, all patients underwent comprehensive geriatric assessment by Inter-RAI Minimum Data Set acute care. The primary endpoint of the present study was long-term mortality. Patients were grouped into 3 functional clusters and 3 disease clusters using the K-medians cluster analysis. The association of functional clusters, disease clusters, and Charlson score categories with long-term mortality was investigated through Cox regression analysis and the intercluster classification agreement was further estimated. Finally, the additive effect of either disease clusters or Charlson score on predictive ability of functional clusters was assessed by using changes in Harrell’s C-index and categorical Net Reclassification Index (NRI).ResultsFunctional clusters, disease clusters, and Charlson score were significant predictors of long-term mortality, but the interclassification agreement was poor. Functional clusters predicted mortality with greater accuracy [C-index 0.66, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.65–0.68] compared with disease clusters (C-index 0.54, 95% CI 0.53–0.56), and Charlson score (C-index 0.58, 95% CI 0.56–0.59). Adding multimorbidity (NRI 0.23, 95% CI 0.14–0.31) or Charlson score (NRI 0.13, 95% CI 0.03–0.20) to functional cluster model slightly improved the accuracy of prediction.Conclusions and ImplicationsFunctional impairment may better predict prognosis compared with multimorbidity, which may be relevant to optimally address individuals’ needs and to design tailored preventive interventions.  相似文献   
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目的探究磁共振成像(MRI)常规序列与三维扰相脂肪抑制梯度回波(3D-WATS)序列对早期类风湿性关节炎手关节病变的诊断价值。方法前瞻性选取2019年1月至2020年1月丹东市第一医院收治的80例疑似早期类风湿关节炎(RA)手关节病变患者作为研究对象。所有患者入院后分别行MRI常规序列及3D-WATS序列诊断,将诊断结果与病理结果对照,分析不同序列对早期RA手关节病变检出情况以及诊断的敏感性、准确性与特异性。结果病理诊断结果显示,80例患者中52例确诊为RA手关节病变阳性,28例为阴性;经3D-WATS序列诊断显示RA手关节病变阳性49例,阴性26例;MRI常规序列检出RA手关节病变阳性40例、阴性20例。3D-WATS序列诊断RA手关节病变的敏感性(94.23%)、特异性(92.86%)及准确率(93.75%)均显著高于MRI常规序列诊断(76.92%,71.43%,75.00%),差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05);3D-WATS序列对关节滑膜炎、骨侵蚀检出率(87.50%,66.25%)明显高于MRI常规序列(68.75%,50.00%),差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 MRI 3D-WATS序列诊断早期类风湿性关节炎手关节病变敏感性、特异性及准确率高,能够有效检出关节滑膜炎、骨侵蚀等情况,优于MRI常规序列诊断,能够为临床治疗提供可靠依据,值得临床推广应用。  相似文献   
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目的:探讨磁共振动态增强在早期乳腺癌影像诊断中的临床效果及检出率观察。方法:将2015年8月-2020年8月间于我院经临床检查后疑似早期乳腺癌患者100例作为研究对象,对所有患者实施超声检查以及磁共振动态增强检查,将检查结果与病理诊断结果相比较,分析磁共振动态增强扫描的检查准确率。结果:磁共振动态增强扫描于100例患者中诊断出早期乳腺癌66例,良性病变34例,准确度为94%。结论:磁共振动态增强在早期乳腺癌诊断中的准确度较高,可有效提高该病症检出率,为后续治疗方案和治疗方法的选择提供有效参考。  相似文献   
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目的:利用皮质厚度分析技术探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征儿童脑皮质厚度异常。方法:收集OSAHS患儿16例,以及与OSAHS组年龄、性别相匹配的正常对照者13例,所有受试者进行头颅的3D T1 MRI扫描,采集数据通过FreeSurfer软件进行分割重建,并计算获得所有受试者各脑区的皮质厚度,以独立样本t检验进行病例组和对照组的全脑皮质厚度比较,得到具有统计学意义的差异脑区,并在标准脑模板上生成伪彩图。结果:OSAHS组多个脑区皮质厚度存在变化,与对照组相比较,OSAHS组皮质变薄发生在双侧中央前回、双侧额上沟、左侧枕下沟回、左侧中央前上沟、右侧额上回、右侧枕颞海马旁中回及右侧岛叶环上沟(P<0.05)。在右侧胼胝体下回、右侧侧副沟及左侧枕颞舌中回皮质中观察到皮质增厚(P<0.05)。结论:本研究发现OSAHS儿童存在皮质厚度的变化,证明存在脑神经损伤,为功能神经影像学研究提供了解剖学基础。  相似文献   
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In Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD), muscle weakness progresses relatively slowly, with a highly variable rate among patients. This complicates clinical trials, as clinically relevant changes are difficult to capture within the typical duration of a trial. Therefore, predictors for disease progression are needed. We assessed if temporal increase of fat fraction (FF) in BMD follows a sigmoidal trajectory and whether fat fraction at baseline (FFbase) could therefore predict FF increase after 2 years (ΔFF). Thereafter, for two different MR-based parameters, we tested the additional predictive value to FFbase. We used 3-T Dixon data from the upper and lower leg, and multiecho spin-echo MRI and 7-T 31P MRS datasets from the lower leg, acquired in 24 BMD patients (age: 41.4 [SD 12.8] years). We assessed the pattern of increase in FF using mixed-effects modelling. Subsequently, we tested if indicators of muscle damage like standard deviation in water T2 (stdT2) and the phosphodiester (PDE) over ATP ratio at baseline had additional value to FFbase for predicting ∆FF. The association between FFbase and ΔFF was described by the derivative of a sigmoid function and resulted in a peak ΔFF around 0.45 FFbase (fourth-order polynomial term: t = 3.7, p < .001). StdT2 and PDE/ATP were not significantly associated with ∆FF if FFbase was included in the model. The relationship between FFbase and ∆FF suggests a sigmoidal trajectory of the increase in FF over time in BMD, similar to that described for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Our results can be used to identify muscles (or patients) that are in the fast progressing stage of the disease, thereby facilitating the conduct of clinical trials.  相似文献   
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of two-dimensional (2D) navigated, interleaved multishot echo-planar imaging (EPI) to enhance kidney diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in rats at 7.0 T. Fully sampled interleaved four-shot EPI with 2D navigators was tailored for kidney DWI (Sprague–Dawley rats, n = 7) on a 7.0-T small bore preclinical scanner. The image quality of four-shot EPI was compared with T2-weighted rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement (RARE) (reference) and single-shot EPI (ss-EPI) without and with parallel imaging (PI). The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was examined to assess the image quality for the EPI approaches. The Dice similarity coefficient and the Hausdorff distance were used for evaluation of image distortion. Mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) were calculated for renal cortex and medulla for all DWI approaches. The corticomedullary difference of MD and FA were assessed by Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Four-shot EPI showed the highest CNR among the three EPI variants and lowest geometric distortion versus T2-weighted RARE (mean Dice: 0.77 for ss-EPI without PI, 0.88 for ss-EPI with twofold undersampling, and 0.92 for four-shot EPI). The FA map derived from four-shot EPI clearly identified a highly anisotropic region corresponding to the inner stripe of the outer medulla. Four-shot EPI successfully discerned differences in both MD and FA between renal cortex and medulla. In conclusion, 2D navigated, interleaved multishot EPI facilitates high-quality rat kidney DWI with clearly depicted intralayer and interlayer structure and substantially reduced image distortion. This approach enables the anatomic integrity of DWI-MRI in small rodents and has the potential to benefit the characterization of renal microstructure in preclinical studies.  相似文献   
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目的探讨核磁共振动态增强扫描对前列腺癌的诊断价值。方法选取40例前列腺癌患者与40例参加癌症筛查的其他前列腺疾病患者,均接受核磁共振动态增强扫描与电子计算机断层扫描(CT)检查。比较两种检查方法对前列腺癌的诊断结果。结果核磁共振动态增强扫描与CT检查的诊断阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。核磁共振动态增强扫描检查呈阳性39例,阴性41例,灵敏度为92.50%(37/40)、特异度为95.00%(38/40)、准确率为93.75%(75/80)。CT检查呈阳性40例,阴性40例,灵敏度为75.00%(30/40)、特异度为75.00%(30/40)、准确率为75.00%(60/80)。核磁共振动态增强扫描检查的灵敏度、特异度、准确率均高于CT检查,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对于前列腺癌患者通过核磁共振动态增强扫描进行诊断,具有较高的敏感性、特异性以及准确率,可以详细地掌握患者病情状况,提高患者的预后质量。  相似文献   
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