Functionally navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation to evoke lingual pressure in stroke survivors with dysphagia and healthy adults: a proof of concept trial

ABSTRACT

Background

Post-stroke dysphagia is characterized by reduced corticolingual excitability and lingual pressure; however, it remains unknown if transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) directly facilitates lingual pressure generation.     

Patterns of lingual split and lateral bone cut end and their associations with neurosensory disturbance after bilateral sagittal split osteotomy

The purpose of this study was to characterize the patterns of lingual split and lateral bone cut end (LBCE) after bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) in patients and identify their associations with postoperative neurosensory disturbance. This retrospective cohort study recruited 273 patients with skeletal malocclusion who received BSSO. The postoperative cone beam computed tomography data were reconstructed to three-dimensionally view the patterns of lingual split and LBCE. Associations between lingual split and LBCE and their effects on neurosensory disturbance in the lower lip and chin were determined. Six types of lingual split and three types of LBCE were defined based on three-dimensional images. Type I lingual split as a vertical fracture line to the inferior mandibular border was the most common (40.29%). Inferior LBCE was the most prevalent, followed by lingual and buccal types. Significant associations among lingual split, LBCE and skeletal deformities were found (P < 0.05). However, patterns of lingual split and LBCE were not associated with the incidence of neurosensory disturbance. Patterns of lingual split after BSSO significantly associated with types of LBCE and dentomaxillofacial deformities, but not with postoperative neurosensory disturbance.     

舌翼全口义齿与传统全口义齿满意度的比较

目的 :比较舌翼全口义齿与传统全口义齿的满意度 ;方法 :通过问卷调查的形式 ;结果 :舌翼全口义齿的满意率较传统全口义齿高 ;结论 :舌翼全口义齿较传统全口义齿性能优越。     

DSA介入狗舌动脉5-Fu和CBP灌注+栓塞术的实验研究

目的:研究经数字减影血管造影术(DSA)介入舌动脉灌注及静脉注射抗癌药物后,血和局部组织中药物浓度,以及肝肾功能、血相变化,为临床介入治疗提供实验依据.方法:将5只狗分为3组,第一组A、B 2只狗,第二组C、D 2只狗,第三组E 1只狗,经股动脉DSA介入舌动脉灌注5-Fu、卡铂各75mg,明胶海绵栓塞;另一组静脉注射等量5-Fu与卡铂,于10min、20min、30min至5天,检查舌、颊组织及血中药物浓度、肝肾功能、血常规,6周后处死,行舌动脉病理检查.结果:DSA介入舌动脉药物灌注 栓塞术后10min、20min、30min舌组织中药物含量是静脉注射药物的25、20、4倍,30min后血中药物浓度两组之间无显著性差异.肝肾功能、血常规两组差别不大,舌动脉经灌注后其内膜不完整,平滑肌细胞较多空泡样变.结论:DSA动脉介入灌注栓塞,可增加局部组织中抗癌药物浓度,提高药物的抗瘤性,对提高治疗效果有一定作用.     

大鼠舌背上皮细胞体外培养及其生物学特性观察

目的:探讨舌背上皮细胞体外培养的可行性,并观察其生长特性。方法:断颈处死出生后1d的SD大鼠,70%乙醇浸泡3～5min,切取舌体及下颌骨。以DMEM/F12作为基础培养液,原代培养舌背黏膜上皮。当细胞铺满整个培养瓶底70%时,进行细胞传代。采用广谱角蛋白细胞免疫化学染色法及透射电镜观察法对上皮细胞进行鉴定。结果:接种时,原代细胞形状、大小不等,呈多样性,表现为多角状扁平细胞、体积较大的球形细胞和体积较小的球形细胞。大多数细胞在培养24h后贴壁;培养3d后,细胞增殖形成许多小而不规则的细胞克隆或集落,开始进入指数增殖阶段,形成细胞团块。随着时间推移,细胞团块周围结构疏松,间隙增大,细胞团块不断增大,融合、连接成片,排列成铺路石状,可传3～4代。结论:以DMEM/F12为基础培养液,可成功地培养出舌背上皮细胞。     

Epstein-Barr virus in lingual epithelium of liver transplant patients

Thirty-three liver transplant patients and 20 controls were examined for the presence of EBV in epithelium of the lateral border of the tongue by negative staining electron microscopy. Five of the specimens (15%) showed particles typical of the herpes virus family, while all controls were negative for EBV. In 3 of the 5 patients moderate oral hairy leukoplakia was observed clinically. Our results indicate that EBV may be expressed at the lateral border of the tongue of liver transplant patients, who in some cases show oral hairy leukoplakia clinically.     

New method of thrombus preparation using a fluid model for evaluation of thrombectomy devices in a swine model

Background

Mechanical thrombectomy is a promising new modality of interventional stroke treatment. Preparation of thrombus is a very important step for the evaluation of the mechanical thrombectomy devices. The objective of this study was to explore a new method of thrombus preparation with fluid model (FM) for assessment of thrombectomy devices used in the recanalization of acute ischemic stroke.

Methods

Elongation test and catheter injection test were used to evaluate the mechanical properties of thrombi prepared by FM and static model (SM). Histological structures of two artificial clots and specimens of stroke patients were compared. Radiopacity of thrombus made by FM was evaluated in a swine embolization model.

Results

The maximum tensile length of thrombi prepared by FM and SM were significantly higher (4.28 ± 0.23 cm vs 3.16 ± 0.13 cm, P < 0.01) and showed less breakage on catheter injection test (13% vs 60%, P < 0.05). Histological features of thrombi prepared by FM showed mixed thrombus structure, similar to thromboemboli retrieved from acute stroke patients, while clots generated by SM were replete with erythrocytes. A total of twelve vessels in two swine were successfully occluded (TIMI 0 or 1), with sufficient radiopacity of each injected thrombus.

Conclusion

The thrombus prepared by FM had good mechanical stability, sufficient radiopacity, and similar histological structure of thromboemboli retrieved from stroke patients, which make it possible to be used in the evaluation of thrombectomy devices.     

3．0TMRI在舌鳞状细胞癌术前诊断和临床评估中的应用价值

目的：探讨3．0 T高场强MRI成像技术在舌鳞状细胞癌术前诊断和临床评估中的应用价值。方法：回顾性分析本院经手术和病理证实为舌鳞癌的26例病例术前3．0 T MRI影像资料。结果：3．0 T MRI可以清晰显示舌鳞癌及其侵犯的范围,同时了解颌下及颈部淋巴结情况,对TN分期具有重要意义。结论：3．0 T MRI对舌鳞癌的显示和诊断具有高分辨率、多方位及多序列成像优势,可以很好地显示舌鳞癌发生的位置、大小、病变侵及范围以及扩散途径,有助于术前病变性质的判断及肿瘤分期的评估。舌鳞癌检查首选高场强MRI。