中西医结合治疗帕金森病非运动症状的系统评价与Meta分析

[目的]系统评价中西医结合治疗帕金森病非运动症状的临床疗效与安全性。[方法]全面检索相关中英文数据库,搜集自建库至2018年7月所有中药联合西医基础治疗与西医基础治疗(和中药安慰剂)的临床随机对照试验,根据纳入标准、排除标准,选择符合标准的相关文献并提取资料,依据Cochrane Handbook对纳入的文献进行质量评价,并采用RevMan5.3软件进行Meta分析。[结果]最终纳入24篇RCT,共计1 836例患者,分别采用主要指标及次要指标进行评价。结果显示:NMSS量表[MD=-6.19,95%CI=(-7.68,-4.69),Chi2=0.83,DF=3,n=302];NMSQuest量表[MD=-2.17,95%CI=(-2.67,-1.68),n=601]UPDRS I量表,未进行Meta分析[Chi2=75.91,DF=10,n=882],UPDRS II量表[MD=-2.71,95%CI=(-3.34,-2.08),n=1164];PDQ-39量表[MD=-7.81,95%CI=(-9.97,-5.64),n=407]。[结论]中西医结合治疗帕金森病非运动症状有效,且优于单纯西医基础治疗。     

Disparity between recent graduates’ and experienced surgeons' assessment of time to operative independence

Background

In cardiothoracic surgery, little data exist on the transition to operative independence. We aimed to compare current perceptions of operative autonomy of junior cardiothoracic surgeons and senior colleagues who oversee transitional years.

10-Year Heart Failure Outcomes From Nurse-Driven Clinics in Rural Sub-Saharan Africa

Nurse-led delivery care models have the potential to address the significant burden of heart failure in sub-Saharan Africa. Starting in 2006, the Rwandan Ministry of Health, supported by Inshuti Mu Buzima (Partners In Health–Rwanda), decentralized heart failure diagnosis and care delivery in the context of advanced nurse-led integrated noncommunicable clinics at rural district hospitals. Here, the authors describe the first medium-term survival outcomes from the district level in rural sub-Saharan Africa based on their 10-year experience providing care in rural Rwanda. Kaplan-Meier methods were used to determine median time to event for: 1) composite event of known death from any cause, lost to follow-up, or transfer to estimate worst-case mortality; and 2) known death only. Five-year event-free rates were 41.7% for the composite outcome and 64.3% for known death. While death rates are encouraging, efforts to reduce loss to follow-up are needed.     

中西医结合护理对剖宫产术后乳汁分泌的影响

目的探析对剖宫产产妇采取中西医结合护理的效果。方法本次研究72例剖宫产产妇均为本院2018年3月-2018年11月接收,随机分为2组,对照组(n=36)行常规护理,研究组(n=36)开展中西医结合护理,统计各组护理效果。结果在初乳泌乳始动优良率、母乳喂养、乳汁分泌充足及乳房胀痛发生率方面,研究组均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论中西医结合护理在剖宫产产妇护理中效果突出,有助于改善产妇术后的乳汁分泌情况,值得推广。     

High-Frequency Irreversible Electroporation Using 5,000-V Waveforms to Create Reproducible 2- and 4-cm Ablation Zones—A Laboratory Investigation Using Mechanically Perfused Liver

PurposeTo investigate if high-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) treatments can be delivered at higher voltages and with greater energy delivery rates than currently implemented in clinical irreversible electroporation protocols.Materials and MethodsTreatments using 3,000 V and 5,000 V were administered to mechanically perfused ex vivo porcine liver via a single applicator and grounding pad (A+GP) as well as a 4-applicator array (4AA). Integrated energized times (IET) 0.01–0.08 seconds and energy delivery rates 25–300 μs/s were investigated. Organs were preserved at 4°C for 10–15 hours before sectioning and gross analysis using a metabolic stain to identify the size and shape of ablation zones.ResultsA+GP ablations measured between 1.6 cm and 2.2 cm, which did not increase when IET was increased from 0.02 seconds to 0.08 seconds (P > .055; range, 1.9–2.1 cm). Changes in tissue color and texture consistent with thermal damage were observed for treatments with energy delivery rates 50–300 μs/s, but not for treatments delivered at 25 μs/s. Use of the 4AA with a 3-cm applicator spacing resulted in ablations measuring 4.4–4.9 cm with energy delivery times of 7–80 minutes.ConclusionsH-FIRE treatments can rapidly and reproducibly create 2-cm ablations using an A+GP configuration. Treatments without thermal injury were produced at the expense of extended treatment times. More rapid treatments resulted in ablations with varying degrees of thermal injury within the H-FIRE ablation zone. Production of 4-cm ablations is possible using a 4AA.     

新型冠状病毒肺炎的研究现状及防控措施

目的根据现有文献,探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎的研究现状及防控措施。方法采用文献综述法。结果我国对新型冠状病毒性肺炎的生物学特性以及诊断标准和治疗方法的研究已取得重要成果,病毒的传播情况已得到了有效的遏制。结论冠状病毒虽具有较强的传染性,但采用合理的方法早发现,早诊断,早治疗,同时增强卫生健康意识,加强个人防护,及时隔离传染源,可有效控制病毒传播。