2例胰岛素自身免疫综合征临床病例分析

通过回顾分析我院2例确诊为胰岛素自身免疫综合征(IAS)患者的临床资料,并复习相关文献,总结发病机制及治疗方法,探讨IAS患者的临床特点,提高对低血糖症的诊治水平。     

基于循证护理框架下的糖尿病合并低血糖患者护理研究

目的：探讨对糖尿病合并低血糖患者进行循证护理的方法及效果。方法回顾性分析2012年8月-2013年8月在该院接受治疗的糖尿病合并低血糖患者80例，根据护理方法分为人数均等的两组，观察组实施循证护理，对照组实施常规护理。比较两组的低血糖发生率、住院时间、护理满意度，并对两组患者在护理前后的焦虑及抑郁情况进行评分。结果通过观察，观察组患者低血糖发生率、住院时间均优于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；护理前，两组患者的焦虑评分、抑郁评分差异无统计学意义(P跃0.05)，护理后均有所下降，观察组明显优于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对糖尿病合并低血糖患者实施循证护理，能够有效改善患者的临床症状，提高护理满意度，改善患者的焦虑、抑郁症状，促使患者尽快出院，因此可以在临床上进一步推广应用。     

Hypoglycemia unawareness in type 1 diabetes patients using intermittent continuous glucose monitoring: Identification of risk factors and glycemic patterns

BackgroundHypoglycemia unawareness designates failure to detect eminent hypoglycemia. Clarke's questionnaire is one of the most used systems to evaluate this problem.AimsTo relate Clarke's questionnaire (QQ) results with continuous glucose monitoring data.MethodsApplication of the questionnaire in a sample of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients using intermittent continuous glucose monitoring (iCGM).Results111 T1DM patients were evaluated, 56.8% female, mean age 35.0 ± 12.4 years and mean disease duration 18.8 ± 10.5 years.According to CQ, 13.5% had unawareness, 76.6% awareness and 9.9% indeterminate awareness to hypoglycemia. Those with unawareness had longer disease duration (25.1 ± 10.4 vs 18.2 ± 10.3 for awareness and 14.9 ± 9.9 for indeterminate awareness, p = 0.047), more time below range (10.3 ± 4.9% vs 6.3 ± 5.1 and 6.3 ± 4.8; p = 0.009) and higher mean duration of hypoglycemia (131.7 ± 38.6 vs 116.6 ± 49.6 and 131.7 ± 38.6; p = 0.008). In multivariate analysis, mean duration of hypoglycemia was an independent predictor of CQ results. In a receiver operating curve (AUC 0.746; p = 0.004) a mean duration of hypoglycemia ≥106.5 min showed 84.6% sensitivity/64.4% specificity for unawareness.ConclusionsOur sample had a significative prevalence of hypoglycemia unawareness which increased with longer diabetes duration. iCGM data can be indicative of this problem, with a mean hypoglycemia duration ≥106.5 min being suggestive, albeit unspecific.     

胰腺切除患者术后低血糖影响因素分析

目的 探讨胰腺切除术后患者低血糖发生的影响因素,为临床实施预防护理策略提供参考.方法 选取319例胰腺切除手术患者作为研究对象,收集患者一般资料、疾病信息以及血糖相关资料,并进行影响因素分析.结果 41例(12.9％)患者术后发生低血糖.年龄≥65岁(OR=2.612),BMI＜18.5(OR = 5.849)、18.5～23.9(OR = 3.584),有卒中史(OR= 5.617)是胰腺切除术后患者低血糖发生的独立危险因素(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论 临床医护人员需关注胰腺切除术后患者低血糖发生情况,尤其对高龄体质量正常或偏瘦以及存在卒中史患者.临床工作中应全面且动态评估患者病情,及时预防和处理患者低血糖的发生.     

Endocrine and Metabolic Complications After Bariatric Surgery

Bariatric surgery is the most effective therapeutic option for obese patients; however, it carries substantial risks, including procedure-related complications, malabsorption, and hormonal disturbance. Recent years have seen an increase in the bariatric surgeries performed utilizing either an independent or a combination of restrictive and malabsorptive procedures. We review some complications of bariatric procedures more specifically, hypoglycemia and osteoporosis, the recommended preoperative assessment and then regular follow up, and the therapeutic options. Surgeon, internist, and the patient must be aware of the multiple risks of this kind of surgery and the needed assessment and follow up.     

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??Abstract?? Objective To summarize the clinical features of hepatic glycogen storage disease to improve the diagnosis and treatment and decrease the possibility of misdiagnosis. Methods Twelve cases of hepatic glycogen storage disease in Shengjing Hospital from May, 2007 to November, 2013 were analyzed retrospectively and followed up. Results Two cases were misdiagnosed in the 5 final diagnosed cases at first treatment. Liver dysfunction and growth retardation are the main symptoms, 2 cases with low blood glucose and 3 cases with jaundice??4 cases were screened positive result for epinephrine stimulating test. Two time of follow-up confirmed these cases still suffered from hepatomegaly and splenomegaly, liver dysfunction, growth retardation, etc. In suspected diagnosed group,only 1 case was screened positive result for epinephrine stimulating test. Conclusion The clinical manifestations of hepatic glycogen storage disease are multiple. Therefore, physicians should have sufficient recognition for this disease and give a right and prompt diagnosis based on family history, physical examinations and laboratory findings.     

循证护理的优效性及影响因素分析--来自终末期糖尿病肾病患者血液透析的证据

目的：探讨循证护理对终末期糖尿病肾病患者血液透析时低血糖的优效性，以及医护人员循证护理效果的影响因素。方法：分析2008年2月至2013年7月收治的106例接受血液透析的终末期糖尿病肾病患者的临床资料和意见反馈，将接受常规护理的55例患者作为对照组，51例接受常规护理联合循证护理的患者作为实验组，使用GBD 2010分析技术和stata13.0分析数据。结果：实验组发生低血糖的人数要明显少于对照组（2%vs14.5%，χ2=6.450，P=0.026）；将接受循证护理的患者反馈的意见信息汇总，并结合值班护理人员的个人特征，建立logistic回归，发现护理人员的工龄、职称会显著影响循证护理的工作质量，而学历、性别并不存在显著影响。结论：循证护理应用于终末期糖尿病肾病患者的血液透析中能够有效减少患者低血糖的发生，我国目前阶段应从经验和专业素养等方面提高循证护理人员的执业水平。