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1.
目的 调查分析青少年偏头痛患者述情障碍的特点,探讨述情障碍与父母教养方式及焦虑抑郁等心理症状的关系,为改善青少年偏头痛患者临床症状、提高其生活质量、维护其身心健康提供理论依据。方法 筛选2017年10月—2019年2月在石家庄市人民医院确诊的110名青少年偏头痛患者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、多伦多述情障碍评定量表(TAS-20)、父母教养方式评价量表(EMBU)、视觉模拟量表(VAS)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表、汉密尔顿抑郁量表进行问卷调查及评估。结果 1)青少年偏头痛患者的述情障碍检出率为47.3%,述情障碍总分为(49.33±17.02)分。焦虑、抑郁症状的发生率分别为68.1%、47.3%。2)述情障碍组父母情感温暖因子得分(t=1.350、4.064)低于非述情障碍组,父母过分干涉(t=1.069、2.621)、拒绝否认(t=3.611、2.020)、过度保护因子得分(t=3.578、2.621)高于非述情障碍组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。述情障碍组青少年对疼痛、焦虑、抑郁情绪的感知得分高于非述情障碍组,差异有统计学意义(t=3.640、3.801、5.318, P<0.05)。述情障碍总分及各维度与父母情感温暖呈显著负相关 (r=-0.607~-0.207,P<0.05);述情障碍总分及各维度与疼痛程度、焦虑水平、抑郁水平均呈显著正相关 (r=0.456~0.963,P<0.05)。3)述情障碍可以作为父母教养方式的中介变量对青少年偏头痛的疼痛及焦虑抑郁症状产生影响。结论 青少年偏头痛患者存在一定程度的述情障碍,父母教养方式对述情障碍有影响,并可以通过述情障碍的中介作用影响患者情绪状态及对疼痛的感知。 相似文献
2.
《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2022,23(3):499-506.e1
ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic weight of multimorbidity and functional impairment over long-term mortality among older patients discharged from acute care hospitals.DesignA prospective multicenter observational study.Setting and ParticipantsOur series consisted of 1967 adults aged ≥65 years consecutively admitted to acute care wards in Italy, in the context of the Report-AGE project.MethodsAfter signing a written informed consent, all patients underwent comprehensive geriatric assessment by Inter-RAI Minimum Data Set acute care. The primary endpoint of the present study was long-term mortality. Patients were grouped into 3 functional clusters and 3 disease clusters using the K-medians cluster analysis. The association of functional clusters, disease clusters, and Charlson score categories with long-term mortality was investigated through Cox regression analysis and the intercluster classification agreement was further estimated. Finally, the additive effect of either disease clusters or Charlson score on predictive ability of functional clusters was assessed by using changes in Harrell’s C-index and categorical Net Reclassification Index (NRI).ResultsFunctional clusters, disease clusters, and Charlson score were significant predictors of long-term mortality, but the interclassification agreement was poor. Functional clusters predicted mortality with greater accuracy [C-index 0.66, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.65–0.68] compared with disease clusters (C-index 0.54, 95% CI 0.53–0.56), and Charlson score (C-index 0.58, 95% CI 0.56–0.59). Adding multimorbidity (NRI 0.23, 95% CI 0.14–0.31) or Charlson score (NRI 0.13, 95% CI 0.03–0.20) to functional cluster model slightly improved the accuracy of prediction.Conclusions and ImplicationsFunctional impairment may better predict prognosis compared with multimorbidity, which may be relevant to optimally address individuals’ needs and to design tailored preventive interventions. 相似文献
3.
目的:探讨增进积极体验为目标的健康干预对抑郁症病人抑郁情绪及生活质量的影响。方法:选择2019年9月—2021年3月在医院就诊的68例抑郁症病人为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,每组34例。对照组予以常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上予以增进积极体验为目标的健康干预。干预前后分别采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)评估病人的抑郁情绪和生活质量,同时对两组病人的护理满意度进行比较。结果:干预后观察组病人抑郁评分低于对照组(P<0.05);两组病人的生理功能、心理功能、社会功能及环境功能指标均较干预前有明显改善,且观察组评分均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组病人对护理干预的总满意度为97.06%,高于对照组的61.76%(P<0.05)。结论:增进积极体验为目标的健康干预可明显缓解抑郁症病人的抑郁情绪,提高病人的生活质量。 相似文献
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5.
《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2022,23(11):1883.e1-1883.e8
ObjectivesGeriatric inpatient rehabilitation aims to restore function, marked by physical performance, to enable patients to return and remain home after hospitalization. However, after discharge some patients are soon readmitted, institutionalized, or may die. Whether changes in physical performance during geriatric rehabilitation are associated with these short-term adverse outcomes is unknown. This study aimed to determine the association of changes in physical performance during geriatric inpatient rehabilitation with short-term adverse outcomes.DesignObservational longitudinal study.Setting and ParticipantsGeriatric rehabilitation inpatients of the REStORing health of acutely unwell adulTs (RESORT) cohort study of the Royal Melbourne Hospital (Melbourne, Australia) were included.MethodsThe change from admission to discharge in the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score, balance, gait speed (GS), chair stand test (CST), and hand grip strength (HGS) were calculated and analyzed using logistic regression analysis with readmission, incidence of institutionalization, and mortality, and ≥1 adverse outcome within 3 months postdischarge.ResultsOf 693 inpatients, 11 died during hospitalization and 572 patients (mean age 82.6 ± 7.6 years, 57.9% female) had available physical performance data. Within 3 months postdischarge, 47.3% of patients had ≥1 adverse outcome: readmission was 20.8%, institutionalization was 26.6%, and mortality was 7.9%. Improved SPPB score, balance, GS, CST, and HGS were associated with lower odds of institutionalization and mortality. Improved GS was additionally associated with lower odds of readmission [odds ratio (OR) 0.35, 95% CI 0.16-0.79]. CST score had the largest effect, with a 1-point increase associating with 40% lower odds of being institutionalized (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.42-0.86), 52% lower odds of mortality (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.29-0.81), and a 24% lower odds of ≥1 adverse outcome (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.59-0.97).Conclusions and ImplicationsImprovement in physical performance was associated with lower odds of short-term institutionalization and mortality indicating the prognostic value of physical performance improvement during geriatric inpatient rehabilitation. 相似文献
6.
轻度认知障碍(Mild cognition impairment, MCI)是尚未达到阿尔兹海默病(Alzheimer’s disease, AD)的诊断标准且可逆转为正常脑老化状态的最佳窗口期。情志异常、肝失疏泄(肝失疏泄日久致肝郁)已被证实为MCI的重要情志病机,且“长期负性情绪积累肝失疏泄致衰加速脑老化”的科学假说已在本课题组前期研究中得到初步证实,疏肝法干预肝郁型MCI患者疗效显著,但以上作用机制尚未得到完全阐述。因此本研究系统总结了中医学对MCI的认识,长期情绪不调肝失疏泄对MCI的影响及可能机制,疏肝解郁方药及其成分改善肝郁型MCI的可行性,并提出使用无束缚性设计的眼动技术以探索疏肝法改善肝郁型MCI的可行性,为MCI的中医药干预及其神经机制探讨提供新思路,为中医情志衰老学说增添新内涵。 相似文献
7.
慢性湿疹是皮肤科常见疾病,其病因复杂,单一通过西医治疗手段效果欠佳。医者临床中总结出"木火刑金"是慢性湿疹的病机之一,以疏肝解郁、补益肺气之法治疗慢性湿疹效果良好。 相似文献
8.
目的探讨对前列腺癌患者采用一体化管理老年综合评估(CGA)护理模式对其心理因素和生活质量的影响。方法选取2020年3月至2021年3月在南京市第一医院就诊,确诊为前列腺癌,且首次行腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术的患者96例,随机分为对照组、观察1组、观察2组,各32例。对照组为住院后采用常规护理模式进行护理,观察1组为入院后行CGA干预组,观察2组为一体化管理的CGA干预组。三组患者分别在干预前、出院时,进行焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)测评;在干预前、术后30 d,进行生活质量核心量表QLQ-C30(V3.0)和前列腺癌特异性补充量表QLQ-PR25测评。结果出院时,观察2组SAS、SDS评分显著优于对照组及观察1组(P<0.05);术后30 d,观察2组生活质量QLQ-C30、QLQ-PR25评分显著优于对照组及观察1组(P<0.05)。结论一体化管理CGA护理模式可有效改善前列腺癌患者的心理状态,提高其术后生活质量。 相似文献
9.
《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2022,23(12):1926.e11-1926.e35
ObjectivesTo map the randomized trial evidence describing the feasibility of discontinuing active medications with potential adverse effects in older patients.DesignScoping review with systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library.Setting and ParticipantsRandomized trials investigating discontinuation of a single medicine or medicine class in patients with mean age ≥65 years.MethodsWe extracted trial characteristics including study design and assessed bias. As proxies for the “feasibility of discontinuation,” we extracted the “dropout rate” and “disease recurrence rate.”ResultsWe identified 40 trials investigating discontinuation of symptomatic (n = 26), preventive (n = 6), or both preventive and symptomatic medicines (n = 8) against psychiatric (n = 10), neurologic (n = 9), musculoskeletal (n = 8), cardiovascular (n = 5), respiratory (n = 4), and urologic diseases (n = 4). Five discontinuation designs were used, 75% (30/40) of trials were placebo-controlled, and 48% (19/40) of trials had bias disfavoring discontinuation. The dropout rate was similar between the discontinuation group and the continuation group in 79% of the trials (30/38), whereas disease recurrence was similar in 72% (23/32) of the trials. In 42% (13/31) of trials reporting both dropout rate and disease recurrence rate, the differences between groups were statistically insignificant and less than 10%; these trials investigated discontinuation of cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease in various settings (n = 3), alendronate for osteoporosis (n = 3), glucosamine for osteoarthritis, lithium as adjunct for unipolar depression, statins for cardiovascular disease in patients with limited life expectancy, droxidopa for neurogenic orthostatic hypotension, tamsulosin for lower urinary tract symptoms, sertraline for major depressive episode, and fentanyl patch for low back or osteoarthritis pain.Conclusions and ImplicationsWe identified 40 randomized trials using a variety of designs investigating discontinuation of both symptomatic and preventive medicines in older patients. Discontinuation of medicines seems feasible for most of the investigated medicines. This scoping review can guide clinical practice and future trials on deprescribing. 相似文献
10.