Nasolabial appearance of bilateral cleft lip repair at five years of age. Comparing techniques of modified advancement-rotation (Delaire) with Manchester repair: a retrospective cohort study

The techniques used to repair bilateral cleft lip have evolved over time, yet little data exist to compare outcomes using the various techniques. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate and compare the aesthetic outcomes of two types of complete bilateral cleft repair: advancement rotation and a historic cohort repaired with the Manchester technique. A total of 32 consecutive patients who had complete repair of bilateral cleft lips were identified retrospectively from our centre using inpatient records. The first 16 (born between 1994 and 2005) underwent the Manchester repair, the second 16 (born between 2006 and 2010) a Delaire modified advancement rotation technique. Standardised photographs were taken at five years post repair and cropped to isolate the nasolabial component. Appearance outcomes were assessed by 20 members of the cleft and plastic surgery team, who were each asked to rate all 32 images using the Asher-McDade five-point scale. A chi squared test was used to determine whether there was a statistically significant difference in cleft scores between the two approaches. There was a mean (SD) of 2.8 (1.02) in the advancement rotation group and a mean (SD) of 3.1 (1.07) in the Manchester group. There was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of scores in the advancement rotation group compared with the Manchester group, with lower scores (better results) in the advancement rotation group (p=0.003). This study demonstrates that the advancement rotation technique for the repair of bilateral cleft lip defects resulted in a superior nasolabial appearance when directly compared with the Manchester repair at 5 years of age.     

Are hand biomechanics affected following radial forearm flap harvest? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Donor site morbidity following radial forearm flap (RFF) harvest remains a controversial issue. The aim of this meta-analysis was to answer the question “Are the range of wrist movements (range of motion, ROM) and hand strength affected after RFF harvesting?” The PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library electronic databases were systematically searched (to December 2019). Self-controlled studies evaluating hand biomechanics after RFF harvest were included. Weighted mean differences with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using the random-effects model. The outcome variables were ROM, forearm movements, grip, and pinch strengths. Thirteen studies involving a total of 335 patients were included. With the exception of grip strength and supination, which showed statistically significant reductions of about 2.40 kg and 2.86° (P < 0.05), all other ROM, forearm movements, and pinch strengths showed an insignificant difference when the operated hand was compared to the non-operated hand (P > 0.05). Regression analysis showed that the method of donor site closure and size of the donor site defect had an insignificant impact on hand biomechanics. This study confirms the lack of discernible biomechanical morbidity after RFF transfer. The minimal reduction in hand biomechanics after RFF is considered to be clinically negligible.     

The Duration of the correction loss after removing cheneau brace in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Objective

The aim of the study was to evaluate the loss of truncal rotation over 54 hours after removing Chêneau brace.

甲状旁腺全切联合自体前臂移植术对肾性甲状旁腺功能亢进的疗效观察与护理

目的探讨甲状旁腺全切联合自体前臂移植术对肾性甲状旁腺功能亢进患者的疗效。方法回顾性分析2018年2～8月我科收治的34例肾性甲状旁腺功能亢进全麻下行甲状旁腺全切联合自体前臂移植术患者,观察其围手术期收缩压、舒张压、甲状旁腺素水平变化情况对比其术前术后脚后跟、膝关节疼痛情况,对其护理进行梳理。结果 34例患者手术后的收缩压(124.97±20.43)mmHg、舒张压(76.44±12.75)mmHg、甲状旁腺素水平(76.30±20.43)pg/mL均显著低于手术前(P0.05)。脚后跟、膝关节疼痛评估术后疼痛评分明显低于术前(P0.05)。结论甲状旁腺全切联合自体前臂移植术对肾性甲状旁腺功能亢进患者的疗效显著,能显著改善患者生活质量,而积极有效的临床护理,能保证手术的成功,减少并发症的发生。     

Comparison of Gap Balancing vs Measured Resection Technique in Patients Undergoing Simultaneous Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty: One Technique per Knee

BackgroundTotal knee arthroplasty requires careful surgical technique to attain the goal of a well-aligned and symmetrically balanced knee. Soft tissue balance and correct femoral component rotation are paramount in achieving these goals. The two competing techniques to select femoral component rotation and soft tissue balance are the gap balance technique and the measured resection technique.MethodsWe performed a randomized, prospective study to compare the two techniques in patients undergoing simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty, whereby one technique was performed in each knee. Fifty (50) subjects were enrolled into the study. The inclusion criteria were osteoarthritic varus knee deformities with similar deformities in both knees. Subjects were followed up for a minimum of two years.ResultsThe knees balanced via the gap balance technique had significantly more posterior medial bone removed from the femur than those knees balanced via the measured resection technique (P < .001). Knees in the gap balance group tended to require more medial knee releases in extension and tended to have smaller sized femoral components as a result of cutting more bone from the femur in flexion. The modular tibial polyethylene bearing tended to be thicker in the gap balance group. Despite these differences, average knee flexion and functional revised Oxford Knee Scores at 2-year follow-up were not statistically different.ConclusionAt 2-year follow-up, there were no differences between the function and scores using the two techniques. Long-term follow-up will be necessary to evaluate any differences in long-term durability.     

Buckling Resistance of Various Nickel-Titanium Glide Path Preparation Instruments in Dynamic or Static Mode

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to compare the buckling resistance of nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments for glide path preparation depending on the test mode (static vs dynamic).MethodsThe conventional PathFile (PF; Dentsply Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and heat-treated ProGlider (PG, Dentsply Sirona) and WaveOne Gold Glider (WG, Dentsply Sirona) were evaluated. The instrument tips were placed in a small dimple prepared in an aluminum cube in a customized device. The file was then pushed in the axial direction at a 1.0-mm/s crosshead speed with rotation (dynamic mode) or without rotation (static mode). The dynamic mode of WG used its dedicated reciprocating rotation, whereas the others were rotated continuously at 300 rpm. The axial load and lateral buckling displacement were simultaneously measured. Data were analyzed statistically using 2-way analysis of variance (P = .05).ResultsThe buckling resistance in the dynamic mode was higher than in the static mode for PG and WG (P < .05), whereas PF was not influenced by test modes (P > .05). In the dynamic mode, the PG required the highest buckling load followed by PF and WG (P < .05). In the static mode, the WG showed the lowest load (P < .05). The dynamic mode showed significantly more upper level lateral buckling displacement than in the static mode (P < .05).ConclusionsWhen the glide path preparation instruments moved in the dynamic mode as in clinical situations, the buckling resistance of the heat-treated NiTi glide path instruments was higher than in the static condition. The heat-treated instruments may have better buckling resistance than the conventional NiTi instrument in clinical situations.     

Classification and cyclic fatigue evaluation of new kinematics for endodontic instruments

This study evaluated the effect of new motions of the motor TriAuto ZX2 on the cyclic fatigue of endodontic instruments. Vortex Blue 35.06 instruments were divided into four groups (n = 10) and tested for fatigue in a curved artificial canal (90° and 2 mm radius) using the following motions: continuous rotation (CR), Optimum Torque Reverse (OTR) set at 180° and the Optimum Glide Path (OGP), which was tested at 90° and 240°. The time to fracture (TTF) and the lengths of the fractured fragments were recorded. The mean TTF was significantly different among the groups (anova , P < 0.05): OGP 90° (213.39 ± 27.45), OTR 180° (121.24 ± 17.03), OGP 240° (45.24 ± 5.61) and CR (8.43 ± 1.27). Weibull analysis confirmed the shortest life expectancy for CR and the longest survival for OGP at 90°. The resistance to fatigue was affected by motions and pre‐set angles. The proprietary movements that are currently available for endodontic instruments were classified according to their kinematics.