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目的:探讨奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨对实验性胃癌大鼠胃癌组织中肿瘤相关因子表达和血清炎症因子水平的影响,阐明其抗肿瘤作用的可能机制。方法:60只Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、奥沙利铂组、卡培他滨组和奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨组(联合组),每组12只。采用BGC823胃癌细胞株复制实验性胃癌模型,实验大鼠按分组要求分别给予奥沙利铂(20 mg·kg-1)和(或)卡培他滨(400 mg·kg-1),对照组和模型组大鼠给予等体积生理盐水,连续给药8周。测定大鼠肿瘤平均质量,TUNEL染色检测胃癌细胞的凋亡情况,Western blotting法检测大鼠胃癌组织中P53、信号转导与激活因子3(STAT3)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)蛋白表达水平,酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定大鼠血清中白细胞介素6(IL-6)、白细胞介素10(IL-10)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)水平。结果:与对照组比较,模型组大鼠胃癌组织中P53、STAT3和VEGF蛋白表达水平及血清中IL-6、IL-10和TNF-α水平明显升高(P<0.05);与模型组比较,奥沙利铂组、卡培他滨组和联合组大鼠肿瘤平均质量及胃癌组织中P53、STAT3和VEGF蛋白表达水平均明显降低(P<0.05),胃癌组织中细胞凋亡指数(AI)明显升高(P<0.05),血清中IL-6、IL-10和TNF-α水平明显降低(P<0.05);联合组大鼠肿瘤平均质量和胃癌组织中P53、STAT3和VEGF蛋白表达水平及血清中IL-6、IL-10和TNF-α水平明显低于奥沙利铂组和卡培他滨组(P<0.05)。结论:奥沙利铂和卡培他滨能够通过降低大鼠胃癌组织中肿瘤相关因子蛋白表达水平和血清中IL-6、IL-10和TNF-α水平达到抗肿瘤作用,二者联合应用的抗肿瘤作用明显优于单用奥沙利铂或卡培他滨。  相似文献   
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目的 探讨卡培他滨联合奥沙利铂(Xelox)与替吉奥联合奥沙利铂两种治疗方案对晚期结直肠癌的临床疗效及不良反应比较,为临床应用提供理论和实践的依据。方法 选取68例符合入组标准的晚期结直肠癌患者,随机分成卡培他滨联合奥沙利铂治疗组为(A组)35例,替吉奥联合奥沙利铂方案(B组) 33例,通过观察两组方案的近期疗效、疾病进展时间及不良反应,分析评价两种方案的临床效果。结果 两种方案的近期疗效、疾病进展时间和不良反应发生情况,差异均无有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 卡培他滨联合奥沙利铂与替吉奥联合奥沙利铂治疗晚期结直肠癌疗效相当,不良反应无明显差异,两种方案均可作为晚期结直肠癌患者治疗的较好选择。  相似文献   
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目的评价复方中药联合卡培他滨在晚期结直肠癌维持期的疗效。方法将符合晚期结直肠癌维持治疗诊断标准的100例患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,各50例。治疗组:卡培他滨按照每日总剂量(常规用量每2 000mg/m2)分早、晚各1次,饭后30min口服,同步复方中药每日1剂,分2次,早、晚饭后1h服用。连续用药2周停药1周。对照组:单服卡培他滨。2组均持续用药至肿瘤进展或出现无法耐受的不良反应为止。结果治疗组和对照组的中位无疾病进展时间(PFS)分别为6.4个月和2.5个月,2组比较有显著性差异(P0.05);与对照组比较,治疗组可以明显提高晚期结直肠癌患者的NK细胞及CD4/CD8(P0.05),可以明显改善患者的卡氏评分(P0.01)。结论复方中药联合卡培他滨同步维持治疗晚期结直肠癌具有延长患者PFS、改善免疫功能、提高生活质量的作用。  相似文献   
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Capecitabine (Cap) is an often prescribed chemotherapeutic agent, successfully used to cure some patients from cancer or reduce tumor burden for palliative care. However, the efficacy of the drug is limited, it is not known in advance who will respond to the drug and it can come with severe toxicity. 19 F Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI) have been used to non‐invasively study Cap metabolism in vivo to find a marker for personalized treatment. In vivo detection, however, is hampered by low concentrations and the use of radiofrequency (RF) surface coils limiting spatial coverage. In this work, the use of a 7T MR system with radiative multi‐channel transmit–receive antennas was investigated with the aim of maximizing the sensitivity and spatial coverage of 19 F detection protocols. The antennas were broadband optimized to facilitate both the 1H (298 MHz) and 19 F (280 MHz) frequencies for accurate shimming, imaging and signal combination. B1+ simulations, phantom and noise measurements showed that more than 90% of the theoretical maximum sensitivity could be obtained when using B1+ and B1? information provided at the 1H frequency for the optimization of B1+ and B1? at the 19 F frequency. Furthermore, to overcome the limits in maximum available RF power, whilst ensuring simultaneous excitation of all detectable conversion products of Cap, a dual‐band RF pulse was designed and evaluated. Finally, 19 F MRS(I) measurements were performed to detect 19 F metabolites in vitro and in vivo. In two patients, at 10 h (patient 1) and 1 h (patient 2) after Cap intake, 19 F metabolites were detected in the liver and the surrounding organs, illustrating the potential of the set‐up for in vivo detection of metabolic rates and drug distribution in the body. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   
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目的比较多烯紫杉醇联合卡培他滨(DX)方案与多烯紫杉醇联合5-氟尿嘧啶/亚叶酸钙(DF)方案治疗老年进展期胃癌的临床疗效及安全性。方法 96例患者随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组(DX组)49例,应用多烯紫杉醇联合卡培他滨方案化疗:多烯紫杉醇60mg/m2,静脉滴注1h,第1天;卡培他滨1 000mg/m2,口服,2次/日,第1~14天。对照组(DF组)47例,应用多烯紫杉醇联合5-氟尿嘧啶/亚叶酸钙方案化疗:多烯紫杉醇60mg/m2,静脉滴注1h,第1天;亚叶酸钙200mg/m2,静脉滴注2h后予5-氟尿嘧啶500mg/m2,持续静脉输注22h,第1~5天;两组均3周为1周期。2周期后评价疗效。随访观察疾病进展时间和生存期。结果DX组总有效率42.86%,DF组总有效率31.91%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);DX组、DF组疾病控制率分别为79.59%、63.83%,两组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);DX组体力状况Karnofsky评分明显高于DF组(P<0.05)。DX组手足综合征发生率明显高于DF组(P<0.05),而Ⅲ/Ⅳ度中性粒细胞下降发生率则明显低于DF组(P<0.05)。结论多烯紫杉醇联合卡培他滨方案疗效肯定、不良反应易耐受,是老年进展期胃癌较理想的化疗方案,值得临床进一步研究。  相似文献   
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Introduction: Intravenous administration of fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy has been the cornerstone of treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) for decades. The availability of oral capecitabine has improved the tolerability in monotherapy schedules, and has simplified combination schedules. Since then, other oral drugs have proven efficacy in this setting.

Areas covered: We review the available evidence and most recent data concerning oral drugs with proven efficacy in mCRC, including capecitabine, S-1, trifluridine-tipiracil (TAS-102) and regorafenib.

Expert opinion: The use of capecitabine is widely implemented in the care of mCRC. However, with recent data supporting its prolonged use, the relatively high incidence of hand-foot syndrome (HFS) may impair quality of life. In Asian populations, S-1 is associated with equivalent efficacy but lower incidence of HFS compared to capecitabine. Further studies evaluating the effects of S-1 in Western populations are needed. Both regorafenib and TAS-102 improve the overall survival of patients in whom all other treatment options have failed. Since only a subset of patients appears to benefit, future studies to identify predictive biomarkers are needed.  相似文献   
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Background: Chemotherapy as part of colorectal cancer management can cause death to immunologically active tumor cell, but also it has immune suppressive effect. Phyllanthus niruri Linn is known to has immunomodulatory effect. This study was intended to prove P. niruri Linn effect on infiltrating dendritic cells and Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios (NLRs) in Sprague–Dawley rats with colorectal cancer which were given capecitabine chemotherapy. Methods: The study was randomized post–test only control group design. The samples were 39 Sprague–Dawley male rats, with body weight around 170–220 grams, induced by 1,2-dimetylhydrazine (DMH) 30 mg/kgBW once per week subcutaneously. On 9th,11th and 13th week, there were four induced rats sacrificed each week to detect colorectal cancer (CRC) development. On the 13th week, all of the 4 sacrificed rats developed colon cancer, so the induction had to be stopped. The rest of 27 induced rats were randomly divided into three groups: control-group (K) were left untreated (9 rats), group P1 (9 rats) were given Capecitabine and group P2 (9 rats) were given Capecitabine with combination of P. niruri Linn extract 13.5 mg/kgBW orally. After 17th week, all rats were terminated and tumor lesion of colon were processed to be paraffin blocks and were stained with HE for evaluating the NLRs, and immunohistochemistry (S100) for evaluating infiltrating dendritic cells. Data was analyzed by using Oneway-Anova-test and post-Hoc LSD-test. Considered significant if p was <0.05. Results: The mean±standard deviation of infiltrating dendritic cells showed increasing value in group P2 (62.11±31.35) compared to group P1 (52.78±29.24) though not statistically significant. The mean of NLRs also showed statistically significant elevation of value in group P2 (0.13±0.05) compared to group P1 (0.04±0.01). Conclusion: Extract of Phyllanthus niruri Linn increasing immunologic status through elevation of infiltrating dendritic cells and NLRs in animal model colorectal cancer with Capecitabine chemotherapy.  相似文献   
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目的:使用指南研究与评价工具AGREEⅡ评价卡培他滨超说明书用药用于治疗胰腺癌的指南,为临床治疗胰腺癌提供相关依据。方法:制定卡培他滨治疗胰腺癌指南的纳入标准和检索策略,检索Epistemonikos、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、美国国立指南文库(NGC)、CBM、万方和CNKI等数据库。按纳入标准纳入有关卡培他滨治疗胰腺癌的指南,提取和描述指南AGREEⅡ评价信息,使用AGREEⅡ评价纳入指南质量,使用组内相关系数(ICC)进行评价员间一致性检验。分析比较不同指南推荐内容的共识和差异。结果:共纳入6篇指南,分别来自美国、中国、欧洲、西班牙。检索时限为建库到2018年3月20日。指南质量经AGREEⅡ评价评分显示:6大领域(范围和目的、制定指南的参与人员、制定的严谨性、清晰性与可读性、应用性、编辑的独立性)的平均分分别为54%,22.67%,21.67%,55.5%,12.17%,27.33%。结论:纳入研究的卡培他滨治疗胰腺癌的超说明书用药相关指南证据等级较低,整体质量有待提高。不建议将卡培他滨用于胰腺癌的治疗,临床如需使用,建议签署知情同意书后使用。  相似文献   
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