Acute blood pressure response in hypertensive elderly women immediately after water aerobics exercise: A crossover study

Water aerobics exercise is widely recommended for elderly people. However, little is known about the acute effects on hemodynamic variables. Thus, we assessed the effects of a water aerobic session on blood pressure in hypertensive elderly women. Fifty hypertensive elderly women aged 67.8 ± 4.1 years, 1.5 ± 0.6 m high and BMI 28.6 ± 3.9 kg/m², participated in a crossover clinical trial. The experiment consisted of a 45-minute water aerobics session (70%–75% HRmax adjusted for the aquatic environment) (ES) and a control session (no exercise for 45 minutes) (CS). Heart rate was monitored using a heart rate monitor and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) measurements were taken using a semi-automatic monitor before and immediately after the sessions, and at 10, 20 and 30 minutes thereafter. It was using a generalized estimating equation (GEE) with Bonferroni’s post-hoc test (p < 0.05). At the end of the experimental session, ES showed a rise in SBP of 17.4 mmHg (14.3%, p < 0.001) and DBP of 5.4 mmHg (7.8%, p < 0.001) compared to CS. At 10 minutes after exercise, BP declined in ES by a greater magnitude than in CS (SBP 7.5 mmHg, 6.2%, p = 0.005 and DBP 3.8 mmHg, 5.5%, p = 0.013). At 20 minutes after exercise and thereafter, SBP and DBP were similar in both ES and CS. In conclusion, BP returned to control levels within 10–20 minutes remaining unchanged until 30 minutes after exercise, and post-exercise hypotension was not observed. Besides, BP changed after exercise was a safe rise of small magnitude for hypertensive people.     

有氧操对女大学生身心健康的影响

目的：探讨有氧操训练对女大学生身心健康的影响效应。方法：100例女大学生随机分为2组各50例，实验组学生采用自编的有氧操（3套），3次／周，60～90min／次；对照组学生按照学校要求，每周3次课外活动。2组均进行18周的观察。结果：实验组训练后，与训练前及对照组比较，锻炼感觉量表（EFI）的各分量表评分（除疲劳感外）均显著提高，心理健康诊断测验量表（MHT）评分显著下降（均P％0．05，0．01）；身体形体及机能指标（体重、上臂围、腰围、大腿围、小腿围、三头肌位）、体脂百分比、体脂重、腰臀比、肺活量、800m跑、仰卧起坐、体前屈等与训练前及对照组比较有明显改观（P〈0．05或0．01）。结论：适宜的有氧操训练能消除体内多余脂肪、降低体脂，有效改善心肺功能，提高人体的有氧耐力，对女大学生的心理健康水平有较大的促进作用。     

2008北京奥运会群众体育发展机遇的探讨

发展群众体育是奥林匹克运动的目标。本文从我国群众体育发展的现状出发,阐述北京奥运会为中国群众体育的发展提供了历史性的机遇,并提出以2008年北京奥运会为契机促进我国群众体育发展的具体措施。     

有氧运动和衰老对小鼠心肌线粒体DNA缺失及其功能的影响

目的 :观察和探讨有氧运动和衰老对心肌线粒体DNA(mtDNA)缺失和功能的影响。方法 :用聚合酶链反应技术检测了mtDNA的缺失 ,用分光光度法检测了Mn -SOD、GSH -Px、脂褐素和复合物Ⅰ ,用极谱法检测了复合物Ⅳ。结果 :2 0月龄小鼠心肌mtDNA3 866bp缺失较 5月龄小鼠高 ,复合物I活性随增龄而下降 ,但抗氧化酶活性却显著高于年轻鼠 ,脂褐素含量增加。有氧运动训练的小鼠mtDNA3 866bp缺失率明显低于同龄不运动鼠 ,而复合物Ⅰ活性高 ,抗氧化酶无显著性差异。结论 :有氧运动减轻了mtDNA缺失率可能不完全是通过调节自由基代谢而发生效应的 ,其机制有待深入研究     

有氧运动对心理应激衰老大鼠行为和氧自由基的影响

目的:研究有氧运动对心理应激衰老大鼠行为和外周血氧自由基的影响. 方法:健康雌性SD大鼠28只,随机分为对照组、运动组、心理应激组、运动 心理应激组,实验后测定大鼠的开场行为和外周血自由基的变化情况. 结果: :①开场行为:在穿越格数上运动组、心理应激组、运动 心理应激组与对照组相比较均有显著的增加(P＜0.05),在站立次数上心理应激组、运动 心理应激组与对照组及运动组相比较有显著减少(P＜0.01).②血清中SOD活性、H2O2含量:各组间均无明显差异性;MDA含量:运动组、运动 心理应激组与对照组及心理应激组相比较有明显的减少(P＜0.05);过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性:运动组的CAT活性明显高于心理应激组(P＜0.05);GSH-px活性:与对照组相比较,运动组、运动 心理应激组的活性明显增加(P＜0.05),心理应激组则明显降低(P＜0.05).结论:不适宜的心理应激可对动物的自发行为和探究行为产生影响,并可诱发机体内自由基量的增加而导致机体损伤,而通过有氧运动可减轻心理应激对机体产生的影响.     

有氧运动在冠心病患者心理康复中的应用

目的探讨冠心病身心症状的非药物治疗。方法随机选择确诊冠心病患者有氧运动锻炼半年作为观察组。对照组服用黛力新。运动前后用SCL-90量表作心理测量。结果个别因子有差异,总分无差异。结论有氧运动全面改善心血管功能状态,对心理健康有明显促进作用,且主观评价及心理感受优于药物。     

磁珠压耳穴联合健身操训练对慢性心力衰竭病人运动耐量及生活质量的影响

目的:探讨磁珠压耳穴联合健身操训练对慢性心力衰竭病人运动耐量的影响。方法:选取慢性心力衰竭病人86例,根据随机数字表法将病人分为观察组及对照组各43例,对照组实施常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上实施磁珠压耳穴联合健身操训练,干预时间3个月,比较两组干预前后心功能、6 min步行距离(6MWT)及明尼达心力衰竭生活质量(MLHFQ)。结果:干预后观察组左室射血分数(LVEF)、最大耗氧量(VO 2max)、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、6MWT及生活质量评分较对照组明显改善(P<0.05)。结论:磁珠压耳穴联合健身操训练能有效改善慢性心力衰竭病人运动耐量及心功能,从而提高病人生活质量。     

Rehabilitation Effect of Systematic Exercise on Breast Cancer Patients after Adjuvant Chemotherapy

OBJECTIVE To investigate the rehabilitation e. ect of systematic exercise on breast cancer patients a er adjuvant chemotherapy.METHODS One hundred and ten subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups. The patients in the control group received original exercise. The others in the intervention group received systematic exercise including aerobics and 24 postures of Taichi for 4 months besides the original exercise.RESULTS After the systematic exercise, the limb muscle strength, maximal oxygen uptake and lung capacity of the patients in intervention group were increased compared with those before the systematic exercise (P < 0.05). The lung capacity of patients in the intervention group was signifi cantly increased than the control group after the exercise (P < 0.05). The body mass index (BMI),the ratio of waist and hip (WHR) of the patients in intervention group were decreased compared with those before the systematic exercise (P < 0.05). The bone mineral density of control group was decreased comparing with pre-exercise (P < 0.05), but there was no signifi cant di. erence in the intervention group between pre-exercise and pro-exercise (P > 0.05). There was no significant dierence in the quality of life between the 2 groups a er the systematic exercise (P > 0.05).CONCLUSION Systematic exercise can not only promote the restoration of limb function in patients with breast cancer after treatments, but also improve pulmonary function of the patients and lower the BMI and WHR of the patients. Systematic exercisecan improve the outcomes of overall rehabilitation.     

健美操课教学中学生创新素质的培养

高校体育选项课的开设,应以满足学生爱好、适合学生需求并能促进学生个性发展为目的.在健美操教学中,在及时吸取时尚流行的创新动作的同时,还应把教学重点放在培养大学生的创新意识、创编能力和自学能力上,以适应现代体育教学及社会的需要.在健美操课程中,突破传统的教学框架,开展创造性教学,体验健美操锻炼的实效性,有利于激发大学生的创造兴趣,能够提高大学生创编操的能力,使之终身受益.教学中注意培养学生的创编能力,有利于提高教学质量,使学生获得更多的知识技能.