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1.
The management of both-column fractures of the acetabulum is challenging for the orthopaedic surgeon. Operative treatment is usually recommended in this particular fracture pattern, as residual joint surface displacement has been shown to increase local contact stress, drastically leading to rapid cartilage destruction. In this review, we present an overview of operative steps and surgical technique for both-column acetabular fracture reconstruction. Therefore, we demonstrate how correct understanding of fracture morphology and displacement, preoperative preparation, including choice of approach and patient positioning, reduction strategies, and programmed sequential fixation, starting from superior fracture lines on the anterior acetabular column and ending on the posterior components of this fracture type, may provide satisfactory outcomes in this difficult acetabular fracture pattern.  相似文献   
2.
目的探讨全髋关节置换术(THA)治疗成人髋关节发育不良的临床疗效。方法采用THA治疗45例髋关节发育不良患者(50髋)。记录术后感染、髋关节脱位、假体松动、神经损伤情况,末次随访时采用Harris评分评定髋关节功能。结果患者均获得随访,时间2~65(24.1±16.0)个月。术后无感染、髋关节脱位、神经损伤等并发症发生。Harris评分由术前7~77(38.0±15.4)分增加到末次随访68~96(87.2±6.0)分,末次随访与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。末次随访时,所有患者患侧髋关节疼痛症状消失,关节活动功能满意;摄髋关节X线片复查显示关节假体位置、宿主骨对臼杯覆盖良好,假体骨骼界面稳固、无松动。结论THA治疗成人髋关节发育不良疗效满意,术中髋臼处理、真臼重建以及股骨假体的选择与安放是手术成功的关键因素。  相似文献   
3.
The ligament of the head of femur (LHF) has gained clinical attention recently and is reported to contribute to hip stability. This study explores its morphology and morphometry, information that may help inform surgical decision making. Gross anatomical dissections were undertaken on 229 embalmed hips from European (n = 105) and Thai (n = 124) adult cadavers to examine LHF anatomy. Ligament morphometry was statistically compared at different sites, between sexes and sides. The origin of ligamental arteries and absence of the ligament were documented. The LHF was pyramidal or quadrangular in shape. Sub‐synovial fibrous bands originated from the transverse acetabular ligament, edges of the acetabular notch, and acetabular floor; less frequently from the hip joint capsule. Distally, the ligament flattened and converged onto the fovea capitis. The ligament was 22.3 ± 4.4 mm long and was significantly wider (P = 0.001) and thicker (P = 0.0003) at the fovea, compared to its mid‐zone. Branches of the obturator artery entered the acetabular foramen inferomedially and penetrated the middle third of the LHF. Blood vessels ran within the LHF and appeared to enter the fovea. The ligament was absent in 2.8% of Thai hips and there were no significant sex or side differences in ligament dimensions. The morphology of the LHF is complex. While individual variation was apparent, blood vessels were seen in the distal ligament. Precise information on LHF morphometry and attachment sites will help inform appropriate graft dimensions and choice of fixation sites necessary for ligament reconstruction. Clin. Anat., 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Clin. Anat., 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.  相似文献   
4.
《临床与病理杂志》2020,(4):1045-1050
髋臼后柱的手术入路,一直是创伤骨科研究热点之一。目前常规使用的“后侧入路”和“前后联合入路”,各有优势,又均存在许多不足。随着临床与基础研究的不断深入,越来越多的术者选择骨盆内入路,取得了良好的效果。按照Letournel-Judet分型系统,髋臼骨折分为前柱骨折、后柱骨折、后壁骨折、前壁骨折、横行骨折、前柱加后半横行骨折、横行加后壁骨折、后柱加后壁骨折、T形骨折、双柱骨折。  相似文献   
5.
目的比较髋臼横行骨折经前侧入路给予髋臼前柱3种内固定方式的稳定性。方法将制成髋臼横行骨折模型的18个新鲜标本,随机、平均分为3组。LS组:单纯拉力螺钉固定组;RP组:重建接骨板固定组;LP组:锁定重建接骨板固定组。本实验在美国BOSE-3500型生物力学试验机上进行,依据3枚克氏针所代表的三维坐标平面,将半骨盆标本调整至人体倒置单足站立位置固定于包埋盒中,实验进行连续性轴向加载直至三组内固定均达到失效。观察3组标本在同一载荷下的纵向移位、纵向位移均2.00mm时的载荷及此时的内固定轴向刚度。结果 LS组骨折的纵向位移大于RP组、LP组,轴向刚度小于RP组、LP组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),RP组与LP组的纵向位移及轴向刚度之间均无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论经前侧入路给予前柱内固定治疗髋臼横行骨折时,锁定重建接骨板固定组与重建接骨板固定组稳定性相似,无统计学差异,单纯拉力螺钉固定组稳定性较弱。  相似文献   
6.
背景:髋臼骨折属于关节内骨折,髋臼具有位置较深、外形不规则及毗邻重要血管神经等解剖学特点.髋臼骨折的治疗目的就是要精确恢复髋臼关节面的解剖对位,最大程度的保存髋关节功能.数字化技术对髋臼骨折的内固定治疗具有指导意义.目的:探讨数字化技术辅助下内固定修复髋臼骨折的临床效果.方法:2009年3月至201 1年9月在解放军广州军区广州总医院创伤骨科收治50例髋臼骨折患者,随机分为2组.试验组25例应用数字化技术进行术前计划,并根据术前计划进行切开复位内固定;对照组25例未采用数字化技术进行切开复位内固定.比较两组患者在术中出血量、手术时间、住院时间及内固定后髋关节功能评分方面的差异.结果与结论:试验组23例患者获得随访,随访时间13-24个月;对照组22例患者获得随访,随访时间12-26个月.试验组患者手术持续时间、术中出血量均显著小于对照组,差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05).内固定后试验组患者住院时间及骨折愈合时间均显著小于对照组,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05).内固定后试验组患者髋关节功能评分优良率显著高于对照组,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05).提示术前利用数字化技术进行髋臼骨折模型三维重建,模拟骨折复位,制定个体化方案,依据个体化方案进行切开复位内固定,内固定效果令人满意.  相似文献   
7.
目的探讨髋臼后方包容角法评价髋臼后壁骨折髋臼后方稳定性的临床价值。方法选取30例单侧髋臼后壁骨折患者,在CT上分别采用髋臼后方包容角法和Keith法评估髋臼后方的稳定性,并对判定结果进行对比。结果髋臼后方的完全包容角、稳定包容角和不稳定包容角的平均值分别为92.38°±10.53°、73.86°±9.36°、51.90°±6.43°,2名测量人员自身和两者之间的组内相关系数(ICC)均0.95,说明此方法的可信度高且可重复性好。Keith法和髋臼后方包容角法对髋臼后方稳定性的判定结果具有高度一致性,Kappa值为0.824。以髋臼后方稳定性试验为参照,髋臼后方包容角法判定髋臼后方稳定性的特异性、敏感性和准确率均高于Keith法,但差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.834、0.764、0.904,P0.05)。结论髋臼后方包容角法与传统的Keith法在髋臼后壁骨折稳定性的判定结果基本一致,但该法不需参照对侧,操作简单,实用性强,尤其适用于对侧髋臼合并骨折或有先天性畸形的患者。  相似文献   
8.
背景:人工全髋关节置换为治疗髋关节发育性不良晚期患者的最佳选择,然而髋关节发育性不良的患者特别是CroweⅣ型因其髋关节解剖结构的显著异常,增加了手术难度且手术方法颇有争议。 目的:探讨人工全髋关节置换治疗CroweⅣ型成人髋关节发育性不良的疗效及髋臼重建与股骨侧处理的方法。 方法:纳入12例(14髋)CroweⅣ型成人髋关节发育不良患者进行人工全髋关节置换,Harris评分术前平均(35.0±6.8)分,髋臼侧采用小臼杯结合髋臼加深技术安置臼杯假体,股骨侧行转子下短缩截骨放置股骨假体,采用Harris评分评价置换后髋关节功能。 结果与结论:所有患者随访1-7年,平均4.6年,2例2髋发生置换过程中股骨大转子不全骨折,予钢丝固定。1例置换后出现坐骨神经刺激症状,1个月后恢复正常,无感染、假体松动及有明显临床表现的深静脉血栓形成等并发症。股骨侧截骨处均骨性愈合。置换后末次随访Harris评分平均为(84.0±7.0)分,置换后肢体延长4-6 cm,平均5 cm,短缩的肢体得到满意纠正。说明采用小臼杯、髋臼内陷技术、股骨短缩截骨对CroweⅣ型成人髋关节发育性不良患者行全髋关节置换能重建关节功能,恢复下肢长度,长期疗效有待于进一步观察。  相似文献   
9.
There are limited epidemiological data dedicated to geriatric acetabular fractures. The incidence in individuals older than 60 years of age has more than doubled in the past three decades and expected to double further over the next 20 years. These fractures represent a challenging subset of acetabular trauma patients to treat. Conservative treatment is a valid option in those with minimal displaced fractures and a preserved congruent hip joint. Similarly the frail patient with multiple medical co-morbidities and those unlikely to tolerate surgical intervention should have appropriate analgesia and their fracture managed or ignored by watchful neglect. Surgical treatment options include percutaneous fixation or open reduction and internal fixation techniques. Good outcomes may be expected should a concentric reduction be achieved. Age-related involutional osteoporosis associated with fracture comminution and acetabular dome impaction complicate surgical fixation with higher complication rates and the need for further surgery recognised. Historically described as central fracture dislocations, stoved in hip or burst fracture, acute arthroplasty is advocated in the setting of femoral head damage and in significant acetabular impaction injuries. Controversy remains whether geriatric patients should be treated by open reduction and internal fixation or total hip arthroplasty either acute or delayed and needs to be assessed based on the patient and personality of the fracture.  相似文献   
10.
Acetabular fractures are relatively uncommon and their definitive treatment tends to be focused on specialist major trauma centres. This can make both accurate diagnosis and management challenging, particularly in hospitals where they are rarely seen. Contemporary management of these injuries owes a lot to the work of Judet and Letournel undertaken in the 1970s. The key to understanding these injuries is to know the embryology and development of the pelvis and then be able to appreciate its three-dimensional structure from two-dimensional X-rays. This can then be overlaid with the Judet classification and the action of force vectors encountered in various mechanisms of injury. It is also important to realise the ageing demographics of this group of patients and the complexities this adds to classification and ultimately treatment. Finally, the presence of an acetabular fracture is often seen in association with a number of other injuries. It is imperative that these are appropriately and contemporaneously diagnosed so that a comprehensive management plan may be instituted to give the best outcomes. However, even with optimal management the prognosis is guarded with a majority of patients suffering some degree of functional loss and this must be made clear to the patient from the outset.  相似文献   
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