参芪润肠通便汤治疗小儿便秘的临床疗效

目的观察参芪润肠通便汤治疗小儿便秘的临床疗效。方法选定麻城市人民医院中医儿科门诊治疗的小儿便秘患儿80例,研究时段自2017年2月—2019年1月,按照治疗方式进行分组,分对照组(40例,常规药物治疗)、试验组(40例,参芪润肠通便汤治疗),回顾分析患儿临床资料,比较临床疗效、症状积分。结果试验组临床总有效率(95.00%)显著较对照组(77.50%)高,P<0.05;试验组治疗前1 d大便全程干燥、腹部胀满、胃纳减退评分与对照组相比存在差异,但P<0.05,治疗2周后两组上述评分均降低,且试验组较对照组低,P<0.05。结论针对小儿便秘患儿,参芪润肠通便汤可改善患者症状,促进其病情恢复,患儿整体状态得以改善,值得借鉴。     

Management of adenovirus infection in patients after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: State‐of‐the‐art and real‐life current approach

The important insights gained over the past years in diagnosis and treatment of invasive adenoviral infections provide new paradigms for the monitoring and clinical management of these life‐threatening complications. A meeting was held to discuss and subsequently disseminate the current advances in our understanding of the aetiology/pathogenesis and future treatment options facilitating effective control or prevention of adenovirus‐related diseases in the allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant setting. Invited experts in the field discussed recent progress with leading members of the Infectious Diseases Working Party of the European Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation at the “State‐of‐the‐art” Meeting in Poznan, Poland, in October 2017. In this review article, the panel of experts presents a concise summary of the current evidence based on published data from the last 15 years and on recent achievements resulting from real‐life practice. The present position statement reflects an expert opinion on current approaches to clinical management of adenovirus infections in patients undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant and provides graded recommendations of the panel for diagnostic approaches and preemptive therapy reflecting the present state of knowledge.     

Bile acid sequestration by the solid phase of stools in cystic fibrosis patients

The distribution of bile acids in the stool of seven cystic fibrosis (CF) patients with severe or mild steatorrhea was examined and compared with that of three controls. Results indicated significantly lower endogenous bile acid concentrations in the stool water phase, obtained by centrifugation, in the CF patients (12.0±3.5%), compared with the controls (25.5±8.1%). In vitroincorporation of labeled cholic acid (CA) and deoxycholic acid (DCA) demonstrated a stronger binding of both to the paniculate matter of stools in the CF group. Using equilibrium dialysis, the calculated concentrations of unbound CA and DCA in the CF group measured 0.78 and 0.3 mol/g homogenate, respectively, and in the control patients 1.76 and 1.39 mol/g homogenate, respectively. Partial release of bile acids from CF stool pellets was achieved by the addition of trypsin and elastase, as well as by alkalinization. It is suggested that in patients with CF, stool bile acids are bound to the undigested protein fraction, which makes them unavailable for colonic resorption.     

The effect of probiotics on gastric mucosal permeability in humans administered with aspirin

Abstract

Objective. To examine whether a probiotic strain, Lactobacillus gasseri OLL2716 (LG21), can protect the gastric mucosal integrity from aspirin using urinary sucrose excretion (USE) test. Materials and methods. In the study using high-dose aspirin, the USE tests were carried out in 29 volunteers before and after LG21 treatment for 4 weeks. In the study using patients undergoing low-dose aspirin therapy, USE tests were performed in 37 subjects who took LG21 for 16 weeks. Stool occult blood was examined by the guaiac method. Results. In the former study, the elevation in the USE value after aspirin loading significantly decreased after LG21 treatment (Median ± SD; 0.244 ± 0.237 vs. 0.208 ± 0.112%, p = 0.018). In the latter study, the USE value significantly decreased in the period with LG21 treatment (p = 0.033), while no significant difference was found in the period without LG21 (p = 0.113). The number of positive occult blood tests decreased during LG21 treatment. Conclusions. The regular ingestion of LG21 may protect the integrity of the gastric mucosal permeability against aspirin.     

血吸虫病流行区居民血便症状与感染关系的研究

本文对血吸虫病不同程度流行区进行了血便症状出现率与血吸虫感染率关系的调查和分析。结果初步表明居民血便出现率与感染率呈正相关关系．近两周内有血便症状出现的比例在１６％以上可作为重疫区的划分标准。