探究128层CT血管造影心肌桥-壁冠状动脉图像特征及与冠脉动脉粥样硬化的相关性

目的探讨128层CT血管造影心肌桥-壁冠状动脉(MB-MCA)图像特征及与冠脉动脉粥样硬化的相关性。方法收集2018年1月至12月于我院进行冠状动脉成像检查的126例患者临床及影像学资料,总结所有患者MB-MCA检出率情况及与冠状动脉硬化的相关性。结果126例患者MB-MCA检出率为65.08%,其中LAD中段检出率最高,浅表型最为多见;CT检出位于MB-MCA近侧动脉硬化斑块发生率最高(63.41%,P<0.05),检出MB-MCA患者斑块检出率为(52.22%)与未检出MB-MCA患者斑块检出率(45.45%)比较无差异(P>0.05);且CT检出MB-MCA患者累及段数和斑块的狭窄程度与未检出MB-MCA患者相比较无统计学意义(P>0.05),但检出MB-MCA患者的斑块主要分布于动脉近段,而未检出MB-MCA患者的斑块主要位于中段和远段(P<0.05)。结论128层CT血管造影可较好地检出MB-MCA,且主要好发于LAD,以浅表型更为多见。但MB-MCA的形成与冠状动脉硬化无直接联系,当MB出现收缩和功能血流减少的时候可能会导致冠状动脉硬化的形成。     

下肢血栓性浅静脉炎的超声诊断

目的探讨血栓性浅静脉炎的声像图特征。方法回顾性分析下肢血栓性浅静脉炎患者52例,观察病变的位置、范围、形态、边界、回声特点、血流分布等。结果所有患者均表现为局部静脉曲张,管径增宽明显,管壁不均匀增厚,管壁回声增强,腔内可见低、等回声团,探头加压管腔不变形,病变区域内无明显血流信号,皮下组织水肿。结论下肢血栓性浅静脉炎的声像图表现具有一定的特征性,结合临床表现超声易做出正确诊断。     

急性附睾、睾丸炎的B超诊断

对38例急性附睾睾丸炎的声像图表现作了观察分析.结果表明:阴囊壁增厚、鞘膜积液、附睾和睾丸增大、附睾和睾丸局限性或弥漫性回声减低为本病的声像图改变,但这些征象并无特异性,应结合临床,与睾丸扭转的亚急性期等加以鉴别.     

Clinical Characteristics,Radiological Features and Gene Mutation in 10 Chinese Families with Spinocerebellar Ataxias

Background:

Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are a group of neurodegenerative disorders that primarily cause the degeneration in the cerebellum, spinal cord, and brainstem. We study the clinical characteristics, radiological features and gene mutation in Chinese families with SCAs.

Methods:

In this study, we investigated 10 SCAs Chinese families with SCA1, SCA3/Machado–Joseph disease (MJD), SCA7, SCA8. There were 27 people who were genetically diagnosed as SCA, of which 21 people showed clinical symptoms, and 6 people had no clinical phenotype that we called them presymptomatic patients. In addition, 3 people with cerebellar ataxia and cataracts were diagnosed according to the Harding diagnostic criteria but failed to be recognized as SCAs on genetic testing. Clinical characteristic analyses of each type of SCAs and radiological examinations were performed.

Results:

We found that SCA3/MJD was the most common subtype in Han population in China, and the ratio of the pontine tegmentum and the posterior fossa area was negatively correlated with the number of cytosine-adenine-guanine (CAG) repeats; the disease duration was positively correlated with the International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale score; and the CAG repeats number of abnormal alleles was negatively correlated with the age of onset.

Conclusions:

Collectively our study is a systematic research on SCAs in China, which may help for the clinical diagnosis and prenatal screening of this disease, and it may also aid toward better understanding of this disease.     

Clinical Relevance of Coronary Fractional Flow Reserve: Art-of-state

Objective:

The objective was to delineate the current knowledge of fractional flow reserve (FFR) in terms of definition, features, clinical applications, and pitfalls of measurement of FFR.

Data Sources:

We searched database for primary studies published in English. The database of National Library of Medicine (NLM), MEDLINE, and PubMed up to July 2014 was used to conduct a search using the keyword term “FFR”.

Study Selection:

The articles about the definition, features, clinical application, and pitfalls of measurement of FFR were identified, retrieved, and reviewed.

Results:

Coronary pressure-derived FFR rapidly assesses the hemodynamic significance of individual coronary artery lesions and can readily be performed in the catheterization laboratory. The use of FFR has been shown to effectively guide coronary revascularization procedures leading to improved patient outcomes.

Conclusions:

FFR is a valuable tool to determine the functional significance of coronary stenosis. It combines physiological and anatomical information, and can be followed immediately by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) if necessary. The technique of FFR measurement can be performed easily, rapidly, and safely in the catheterization laboratory. By systematic use of FFR in dubious stenosis and multi-vessel disease, PCI can be made an even more effective and better treatment than it is currently. The current clinical evidence for FFR should encourage cardiologists to use this tool in the catheterization laboratory.     

卒中后非痴呆认知障碍病人的认知损害特点及护理分析

目的：探讨卒中后非痴呆认知障碍患者的认知损害特点及护理干预效果,以供参考。方法将本院2011年8月至2013年7月收治的卒中后非痴呆认知障碍患者70例纳入本研究,分析其认知损害特点,并实施相应的康复护理对策。对比护理干预前后认知功能、生活质量的变化。结果与护理干预前对比,护理干预后患者MMSE评分、Barthel指数均明显提高,差异经t检验后发现有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。结论卒中后非痴呆认知障碍患者的认知功能损害表现为延迟记忆、视空间与执行、语言、注意与计算力、抽象思维等多项认知域的联合损害,早期认知功能康复护理有助于改善认知功能、提高生活质量。     

中医舌象特征与体质类型关联系统的设计与实现

针对中医舌象特征与体质类型之间可能存在着某些关联这一重要问题,本文设计并实现了一个中医舌象特征与体质类型关联系统,为揭示其中的内在关联规律提供科学有效的方法和技术手段。本文从系统结构、系统功能和系统特点等方面详细介绍了系统的设计与实现。系统利用计算机对受检者的体质信息和舌象信息进行采集和自动分析识别,并利用特异性和敏感性分析找出舌象特征与体质类型之间的内在关联。该系统的识别和分析结果可作为中医临床诊治的一项科学、可靠的实践依据,同时该系统能够为中医诊断研究者提供一个研究中医舌象与中医体质内在关联的综合软件平台。     

盆腔淤血综合征的超声诊断价值

目的：探讨盆腔淤血综合征的超声诊断价值。方法：选择在我院进行门诊诊治的450例盆腔淤血综合征,其中轻度300例,中度100例,重度50例,都进行超声多方位检查。结果：超声表现显示,随着疾病程度的加重,盆腔内径逐渐增大,声像图特点差异明显,血流频谱也因疾病严重程度不同而各有差异,提示可以用来进行疾病严重程度的区分诊断和鉴别。结论：盆腔淤血综合征的声像图特点、声像与血流频谱超声诊断能有效判断疾病病程,为临床治疗方案的选择提供客观的诊断依据,值得推广应用。     

24例原发浸润性肺真菌感染的CT表现分析

目的 探讨原发浸润性肺真菌感染的CT表现特点.方法 选取2007年12月-2011年6月于医院采用CT进行诊断检查的24例原发浸润性肺真菌感染患者为研究对象,将其不同感染分类的CT表现特点进行统计分析.结果 24例原发浸润性肺真菌感染患者感染病原菌分别为曲霉菌属占41.7％、白色假丝酵母菌占25.0％、放线菌占20.8％等,病灶表型比例由高到低为曲菌球型占41.7％、弥漫型占29.2％、实变型占20.8％及结节型占8.3％,各型CT表现各有特点.结论 原发浸润性肺真菌感染的CT表现有其特有的特点,在疾病诊断中有一定的辅助价值.