TST加直肠黏膜下柱状药物注射术治疗直肠前突并发直肠黏膜内脱垂(附118例报告)

目的探讨TST加直肠黏膜下柱状药物注射术治疗直肠前突并发直肠黏膜内脱垂的临床疗效。方法分析总结118例直肠前突并发直肠黏膜内脱垂患者的临床资料,均行TST加直肠黏膜下柱状药物注射术治疗。结果 118例患者治愈97例(82.2%),显效17例(14.4%),好转4例(3.4%)。无1例切口出血、感染、直肠阴道瘘等并发症发生。结论 TST加直肠黏膜下柱状药物注射术治疗直肠前突并发直肠黏膜内脱垂,操作简便,创伤小,疗效满意,并发症少,住院时间和手术时间短,术后恢复快,值得推广使用。     

Symptomatic rectocele: what are the indications for repair?

Background

The surgical indications for symptomatic rectocele are undefined, and surgery has high recurrence rates. We implemented magnetic resonance imaging defecography (MRID) to determine if utilizing strict inclusion criteria for rectocele repair improves outcomes.

Methods

Patients with obstructive defecation syndrome (ODS) who underwent dynamic MRID were evaluated. Indications for surgical repair were defecation requiring manual assistance and the following MRID results: anterior defect >2 cm, incomplete evacuation, and the absence of perineal descent. Primary outcomes were the change in quality of life (QOL) scores and recurrence.

Results

From 2006 to 2013, 143 patients who presented with ODS underwent MRID. Seventeen patients met the criteria for repair. Recurrence was low (5.8%) with a median follow-up of 23 months, QOL scores improved from 57.3 to 76.5 (P = .041).

Conclusions

A minority of patients (12%) with ODS met the above criteria for rectocele repair. Patients who underwent repair had a significant improvement in QOL and low recurrence rate.     

PPH与STARR术治疗出口梗阻性便秘手术前后排粪造影的分析比较

目的 比较痔上黏膜环切术（PPH）和经肛吻合器直肠切除术（STARR）两种经肛门术式治疗出口梗阻性便秘的形态学及功能学变化.方法 自2009年3月开始,选择ODC接受手术的住院患者,根据不同手术途径分为PPH组（n=36）和STARR组（n=42）,前瞻性行排粪造影、Longo评分、Wexner评分等评价,对两组患者手术前、术后1周、术后3个月、术后6个月情况行追踪观察并对两组情况进行比较.结果 两组患者术后个人感觉及排粪造影检查、Longo评分、Wexner评分都较术前有好转,在直肠前突程度小于3.6 cm时,两组术中出血情况、影响生活时间上,术后并发症,术后3个月主观感觉、Longo评分、Wexner评分以及术后排粪造影均无明显区别（P＞0.05）,在直肠前突程度大于3.6 cm时,STARR组在Longo及Wexner评分优于PPH组（P＜0.05）,其他各项指标相似（P＞0.05）.STARR组手术时间、住院时间明显长于PPH组（P＜0.05）,住院费用明显高于PPH组（P＜0.05）.STARR组术中切除宽度大于PPH组（P＜0.05）.PPH组在术后1周主观感觉明显比STARR组好（P＜0.05）.结论 PPH及STARR术都为治疗ODS的良好术式,PPH和STARR在直肠前突程度较小时（＜3.6 cm）手术效果相似,但住院时间、花费费用较STARR少,因此较轻度的直肠前突可选择PPH术作为首选手术方式.     

经会阴直肠乙状结肠部分切除术治疗直肠脱垂临床研究

目的评价成人完全型直肠脱垂采用经会阴直肠乙状结肠部分切除术治疗直肠脱垂临床效果。方法对我科2006～2011年23例确诊为成人完全型直肠脱垂的患者采用经会阴直肠乙状结肠部分切除术治疗,收集临床资料做回顾性分析。结果 23例患者治疗效果满意,术后平均住院时间5d。术后随访8～48个月(平均36个月),20例无复发,3例轻度复发。结论采用经会阴直肠乙状结肠部分切除术治疗直肠脱垂临床效果比较满意。     

直肠前突的X线和磁共振排粪造影研究

目的:比较显示直肠前突的X线和MRI排粪造影两种方法,进一步探讨直肠前突排粪造影技术.方法:中重度直肠前突患者32例纳入研究,年龄22～77岁,平均48岁,均为女性;全部X线和MRI排粪造影检查.比较两种图像显示直肠前突及其程度和并发症的情况.结果:两种技术均良好显示了全部的直肠前突,X线排粪造影直肠前突程度高于MRI排粪造影.X线排粪造影显示肠并发症(84例次)明显高于MRI排粪造影(26例次,P＜0.01);其它肠外并发症则X线排粪造影显示(12例次)不如MRI排粪造影(40例次,P＜0.01).结论:X线和磁共振排粪造影各有优缺点,前者在显示直肠前突本身和肠并发症更佳,后者则有利于显示肠外并发症.     

Clinical and Physiologic Outcomes After Transvaginal Rectocele Repair

Purpose This study was designed to evaluate the clinical and physiologic outcomes after transvaginal rectocele repair. Methods Between June 2000 and January 2003, 30 females (mean age, 62 (range, 45–78) years) with a symptomatic large rectocele (>3 cm) underwent transvaginal rectocele repair (anterior levatorplasty). Six months after surgery, a physiologic evaluation was performed by using defecography (depth of rectocele) and anorectal manometry (maximum resting pressure, maximum squeeze pressure, rectal threshold, and maximum tolerable volume). Using a questionnaire, a clinical evaluation was performed one year after surgery to analyze symptoms, including difficult evacuation, digital support, sexual discomfort, as well as patient satisfaction. Follow-up of all patients was conducted during a median duration of 38 (range, 23–54) months. Results There were no operative complications, such as hematoma, wound infection, or rectovaginal fistula.Difficult evacuation improved in 27 of 30 patients (90 percent) and completely disappeared in 9 patients. Postoperatively, digital support was no longer necessary during evacuation in 15 of 21 patients (71 percent). Overall patient satisfaction reached 25 of 30 (83 percent). Although mild sexual discomfort was observed in nine patients, it disappeared gradually and only one patient complained of persistent symptoms. No patient reported symptomatic recurrences at the end of the follow-up. The radiologic mean depth of the rectocele was significantly reduced: preoperative, 3.9 cm; postoperative, 0.5 cm. None of the physiologic parameters significantly changed after surgery. Conclusions Transvaginal rectocele repair can provide excellent long-term symptomatic relief and a high rate of patient satisfaction without any alteration in anorectal physiologic function. This multimedia article (video) has been published online and is available for viewing at . Its abstract is presented here. As a subscriber to Diseases of the Colon & Rectum you have access to our SpringerLink electronic service, including Online First. Read at the meeting of The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, April 30 to May 5, 2005.     

Stapled Mucosectomy for Rectocele Repair: A Preliminary Report

There is no optimum surgical method of repair for rectoceles; however, recent interest in the use of the circular hemorrhoidal stapler gun to treat rectoceles has stirred interest. We describe our early results using the circular hemorrhoidal stapler gun for repair of rectoceles. Seven patients (median age, 45 (range, 31–62) years; all females) have been treated. All seven patients presented with incomplete or difficult defecation, four patients required digital vaginal manipulation, and all patients had tried a variety of aperients to aid defecation. The procedure involved two pursestrings and one firing of the circular hemorrhoidal stapler gun. No perioperative complications were encountered. At a median of six (range, 1– 10) months follow-up, all patients were able to defecate without difficulty or manipulation. None of the patients required any medication to aid bowel evacuation after surgery. These promising early results support the use of stapled mucosectomy for the repair of rectoceles.     

Functional Outcome After Transperineal Rectocele Repair with Porcine Dermal Collagen Implant

Purpose Symptomatic rectocele results in obstructed defecation and constipation. Surgical repair may provide symptomatic relief. This study was designed to assess the safety and efficacy of transperineal rectocele repair with porcine dermal collagen (Permacol^?). Methods Ten females with symptomatic rectocele had a transperineal repair using Permacol^?. Median age was 51 (range, 33–71) years. Patients were followed with detailed interviews at a median time of 9 (range, 5–16) months. Objective preoperative and postoperative assessment was by outcomes for five symptoms: constipation, excessive straining, incomplete evacuation, vaginal bulging, and vaginal digitations (always, usually, occasionally, never), and Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 questionnaires. Subjective outcomes were assessed as excellent, good, moderate, and poor. Results All patients had an improvement in two or more symptoms and 70 percent of patients in three or more symptoms. Postoperatively 80 percent reported an improvement in excessive straining (P = 0.0078) and in incomplete evacuation (P = 0.0078); 70 percent reported an improvement in vaginal bulging (P = 0.0156). Improvements in vaginal digitations and Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 scores were not statistically significant. Subjective outcomes were reported as excellent or good by 80 percent of patients. No patients had rectal perforation or infection, and no Permacol^? has been removed. Conclusions Rectocele repair with Permacol^? by the transperineal approach is a safe technique that avoids some of the complications associated with synthetic mesh use. Objective and subjective results are excellent in the majority of patients. Poster presentation at the Tripartite Colorectal meeting, Dublin, Ireland, July 5 to 7, 2005. Poster presentation at the meeting of the European Society of Coloproctology, Lisbon, Portugal, September 13 to 16, 2006. Reprints are not available.     

Rectocele is associated with paradoxical anal sphincter reaction

Rectocele is a frequent finding in constipated patients. However, constipation is not always relieved by rectocele repair, which may be due to other overlooked reasons for constipation. The study was designed to investigate patients with rectocele, in order to elucidate concomitant colorectal disorders and their association with rectocele. One hundred and twelve female patients suffering from severe constipation and rectal emptying difficulties were investigated using defecography, electrophysiology, anorectal manometry and colon transit time. Fifty-six patients with rectocele demonstrated by defecography were compared with 56 patients without rectocele, but with other abnormal findings at defecography. The frequency of paradoxical anal sphincter reaction (PSR) was higher in patients with rectocele (60%) than in patients without rectocele (24%). The present study supports an association between rectocele and PSR. We suggest that constipated patients with a rectocele should be investigated thoroughly before rectocele repair is considered. Further studies on the effect of biofeedback training in patients with rectocele and PSR are indicated. Accepted: 15 August 1997     

PPH联合芍倍注射术治疗直肠前突的临床观察

目的 评价吻合器痔上黏膜环形切除术(PPH)联合芍倍注射术治疗直肠前突引起的排便梗阻症状的安全性及有效性.方法 将我院2009年12月至2011年1月期间的72例诊断为中度以上直肠前突的患者随机分为PPH联合芍倍注射术组(36例)与单纯PPH组(36例),分别行PPH联合芍倍注射术及单纯PPH治疗.分别于术后l周、1个月、3个月及6个月对2组患者进行Longo排便梗阻综合征(ODS)评分,并对患者术后疼痛情况进行评估,观察患者术后尿潴留、术后出血及肛门功能情况,记录患者住院时间及恢复工作时间,并对2组的以上情况进行比较.结果 PPH联合芍倍注射术组与单纯PPH组在术后1周及1个月ODS评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05),但PPH联合芍倍注射术组术后3个月及术后6个月ODS评分均明显低于单纯PPH组(P＜0.05).在术后疼痛评分、住院时间及恢复工作时间方面,2组比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).2组均未出现肛门功能异常情况.2组术后均有尿潴留和出血发生,但差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 PPH术联合芍倍注射术较单纯PPH在治疗直肠前突方面疗效更好且至少和单纯PPH一样安全.