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1.
目的:比较手工清洗法和机械清洗法在腹腔镜手术器械清洗和灭菌中的应用价值。方法:选取2019年6月~2020年12月本院消毒供应中心接收并进行清洗、灭菌处理的腹腔镜手术器械5283件,根据其清洗、灭菌方法分为观察组和对照组,观察组包括2636件腔镜手术器械,对照组包括2647件腔镜手术器械。对照组2647件腹腔镜手术器械使用手工清洗法进行清洗和灭菌,观察组2636件腹腔镜手术器械使用机械清洗法进行清洗和灭菌。结果:观察组腹腔镜手术器械的清洗质量合格率和灭菌质量合格率均显著高于对照组,P<0.05,比较差异有统计学意义。医护人员对观察组的腹腔镜手术器械的满意度评分显著高于对照组,P<0.05,比较差异有统计学意义。结论:相比手工清洗法,机械清洗法能够显著提高腹腔镜手术器械的清洗和灭菌质量,从而显著提高其清洗质量合格率和灭菌质量合格率。  相似文献   
2.
目的 降低神经外科术中获得性压力性损伤发生率。 方法 将2019年10~12月的1 378例神经外科择期手术患者作为对照组,采取常规护理措施预防术中获得性压力性损伤。将2020年10~12月的1 551例患者作为观察组,成立护理专案小组,开展多学科协作,实施护理专案改善。 结果 观察组术中获得性压力性损伤发生率为0.90%,对照组为2.18%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组术中获得性压力性损伤治愈率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组预防术中获得性压力性损伤关键监测指标落实率较好,除术后规范交接班落实875例(61.40%)外,其他指标均>88.00%。 结论 多学科协作护理专案能够有效降低术中获得性压力性损伤发生率,提高术中获得性压力性损伤预防和管理质量。  相似文献   
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青光眼是世界首位不可逆性致盲眼病, 中国作为原发性闭角型青光眼发病率最高国家, 重视和改进其治疗方法是降低致盲率的有效途径。随着微创青光眼手术(MIGS)技术的发展, 原发性闭角型青光眼的治疗方法更新迭代。本文汇总目前国内外相关文献, 总结MIGS在原发性闭角型青光眼联合手术治疗中的应用进展, 提示MIGS可能成为未来治疗原发性闭角型青光眼的优选联合方法, 为临床提高青光眼治疗水平提供参考。  相似文献   
5.
AIM:To summarize the data of epidemiological studies on cataract prevalence over 50 years old in urban and rural areas of China from 2000 to 2020,and to analyze the prevalence of cataract and operation rate in China.METHODS:By searching Pub Med,EMBASE,Web of Science,Wanfang Data and CNKI,Chinese and English literatures on the prevalence of cataract in China were retrieved,and the relevant characteristic data were extracted.Then,Stata v15 SE software was used for Metaanalysis and heterogeneity test.According to the results of heterogeneity,the corresponding effect models were selected to combine the extracted data.RESULTS:A total of 20 studies were included in this study,with a total of 111434 cases.Meta-analysis showed heterogeneity.According to the random effect model,the overall prevalence of cataract in Chinese people over 50 years old was 27.45%,that in rural was 28.79%,and that in urban was 26.66%.The overall coverage rate of cataract surgery was 9.19%.CONCLUSION:The prevalence of cataract is high in China,and there is still room for improvement in surgical coverage,so it is very important to promote cataract screening and prevention.  相似文献   
6.
目的:评价基于标准作业程序(SOP)的护理服务标准化程序在临床的应用效果。方法:成立护理SOP小组。基于SOP原则,将护理服务用语、行为和流程进行标准化和精细化,并构建护理服务标准化程序。从护理服务质量、患者满意度和护理服务投诉3个方面比较实施护理服务标准化程序的临床应用效果。结果:实施护理服务标准化程序后,护理服务质量和患者满意度均较前明显提升,护理服务投诉较前明显下降(P<0.01)。结论:实施护理服务标准化程序可有效提升护理服务质量,提高患者满意度,减少护理服务投诉的发生。  相似文献   
7.
儿童处于生长发育特殊阶段,其颌面部解剖结构、牙列情况及心理状态与成年人有明显区别。颌面部骨折患儿常出现面部发育畸形、张口受限、咬合关系紊乱等,严重影响患儿的日常生活。因此,儿童颌面部骨折的诊疗一直是临床上的难题,也是国内外的研究热点。颌面部骨折好发于青少年,损伤原因多为意外跌倒、交通伤及运动伤。近年来,数字化外科技术为儿童颌面部骨折提供精确的诊断及微创的治疗。国内外学者对于儿童颌面部骨折治疗理念逐渐倾向于手术治疗,选择可吸收材料对儿童颌面部骨折进行固定,降低对儿童面部发育的影响。长期随访对于儿童颌面部骨折患儿具有重要意义,有助于监测患儿面部发育情况。此外,临床医生应注意患儿的心理状态。对于创伤较重或发现有心理问题的患儿,应尽早干预治疗。文章就近年儿童颌面部骨折流行病学特点、诊断、治疗原则及伴发的心理问题做一综述。  相似文献   
8.
《Survey of ophthalmology》2023,68(5):940-956
Congenital aniridia is a panocular disorder that is typically characterized by iris hypoplasia and aniridia-associated keratopathy (AAK). AAK results in the progressive loss of corneal transparency and thereby loss of vision. Currently, there is no approved therapy to delay or prevent its progression, and clinical management is challenging because of phenotypic variability and high risk of complications after interventions; however, new insights into the molecular pathogenesis of AAK may help improve its management. Here, we review the current understanding about the pathogenesis and management of AAK. We highlight the biological mechanisms involved in AAK development with the aim to develop future treatment options, including surgical, pharmacological, cell therapies, and gene therapies.  相似文献   
9.
《Pancreatology》2022,22(2):270-276
Backgroundand purpose: Zinc is an essential element for human health and plays an important role in metabolic, immunological and other biological processes. The present study was conducted to investigate the association between zinc deficiency (ZD) and the perioperative clinical course in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).MethodsOf 216 patients with PDAC who underwent elective pancreatectomy between 2013 and 2017 at our institution, 206 patients with sufficient clinical data were retrospectively reviewed. The perioperative variables were compared and the risk factors associated with infectious complications were identified.ResultsZD was preoperatively present in 36 (17.5%) of 206 patients with PDAC. In the patients of the ZD group, a higher proportion of males, higher preoperative modified Glasgow prognostic scores, a higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and a higher occurrence of postoperative infectious complications after pancreatectomy were observed, compared to the non-ZD group. By a univariate analysis, three risk factors were significantly associated with infectious complications after pancreatectomy: ZD (vs non-ZD: p = 0.002), serum albumin <3.5 g/dl (vs ≥ 3.5 g/dl: p = 0.005), and the procedure of pancreaticoduodenectomy (vs others: p = 0.013). By multivariate logistic regression analysis, the occurrence of infectious complications was significantly associated with ZD (OR 3.430, 95%CI 1.570 to 7.490, p = 0.002) and the procedure of pancreaticoduodenectomy (OR 2.030, 95%CI 1.090 to 3.770, p = 0.025).ConclusionsThe current study newly demonstrated that ZD could serve as a preoperative predictor of infectious complications after pancreatectomies in the patients with PDAC.  相似文献   
10.
PurposeTo review and to compare indirectly the outcomes of minimally invasive therapies for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia.Materials and MethodsA literature search via Medline and Cochrane Central databases was completed for randomized control studies published between January 2000 to April 2020 for the following therapies: Rezum, Urolift, Aquablation, and prostatic artery embolization (PAE). Data on the following variables were included: International prostate symptom score (IPSS), maximum urinary flow rate, quality of life, and postvoid residual (PVR). Standard mean differences between treatments were compared through a meta-analysis using transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) to assess differences in treatment effect.ResultsThere was no significant difference in outcomes between therapies for IPSS at the 3, 6, and 12-month follow ups. Although outcomes for Rezum were only available out to 3 months, there were no consistently significant differences in outcomes when comparing Aquablation versus PAE versus Rezum. TURP PVR was significantly better than Urolift at 3, 6, and 12 months. No significant differences in minor or major adverse events were noted.ConclusionAlthough significant differences in outcomes were limited, Aquablation and PAE were the most durable at 12 months. PAE has been well studied on multiple randomized control trials with minimal adverse events while Aquablation has limited high quality data and has been associated with bleeding-related complications.  相似文献   
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