Reproducibility (test–retest) of vestibular evoked myogenic potential

IntroductionThere is still no consensus in the literature as to the best acoustic stimulus for capturing vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP). Low-frequency tone bursts are generally more effective than high-frequency, but recent studies still use clicks. Reproducibility is an important analytical parameter to observe the reliability of responses.ObjectiveTo determine the reproducibility of p13 and n23 latency and amplitude of the VEMP for stimuli with different tone-burst frequencies, and to define the best test frequency.MethodsCross-sectional cohort study. VEMP was captured in 156 ears, on the sternocleidomastoid muscle, using 100 tone-burst stimuli at frequencies of 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz, and sound intensity of 95 dB nHL. Responses were replicated, that is, recorded three times on each side.ResultsNo significant difference was observed for p13 and n23 latencies of the VEMP, captured at three moments with tone-burst stimuli at 250, 500, and 1000 Hz. Only the frequency of 2000 Hz showed a difference between captures of this potential (p < 0.001). p13 and n23 amplitude analysis was also similar in the test–retest for all frequencies analyzed.Conclusionp13 and n23 latencies and amplitudes of VEMP for tone-burst stimuli at frequencies of 250, 500, and 1000 Hz are reproducible.     

Detrended fluctuation analysis detects altered coordination of running gait in athletes following a heavy period of training

Objectives

To investigate whether functional overreaching affects locomotor system behaviour when running at fixed relative intensities and if any effects were associated with changes in running performance.

A comparison of head injuries in male and female lacrosse participants seen in US emergency departments from 2005 to 2016

Introduction

In the United States there has been a large increase in participation in lacrosse for both males and females. The purpose of this study was to analyze the number of head injuries, injury rates (calculated using the reported number of participants) and types of head injuries that are seen in emergency departments in the United States.

人胚雪旺细胞组织工程神经修复坐骨神经缺损的实验研究

目的：探索人胚雪旺细胞作为组织工程的种子细胞修复周围神经缺损的可行性。方法：通过组织工程方法用PLGA导管和polyglactin 910纤维负载人胚雪旺细胞预先构置好人工神经，然后用于修复大鼠20mm的坐骨神经缺损，并与神经切断后原位缝合以及用单纯的PLGA导管进行修复的实验组进行对照。通过活体肢体功能观察、靶器官肌肉测量、电生理检测、辣根过氧化物酶示踪、连续组织切片图像分析以及透射电镜等检查神经再生情况。结果：人工神经修复组神经再生良好，效果接近于神经原位缝合组，明显优于单纯的PLGA导管修复组。结论：人胚雪旺细胞构建的人工神经可以修复20mm的周围神经缺损。     

趾蹼血管分型的临床认识

目的分析120例足趾移植再造手指病例，对趾蹼间的血管形态和交通情况进行观察，并阐述其临床意义。方法临床观察120例156侧趾蹼，对第一跖骨背动脉和第一趾底动脉在趾蹼间的走向、口径以及两者的交通支情况进行记录并进行分型。结果按孙博的分型方法：Ⅰ型72侧，占46．2％；Ⅱ型57侧，占36．5％；Ⅱ型7侧，占4．5％；Ⅳ型3侧，占1．9％；Ⅴ型15侧，占9．6％；另有2侧（占1．3％）第一跖骨背血管口径〉1mm，虽发出趾背动脉供养蹲趾胫侧和第二趾腓侧，但在趾蹼内与趾底血管无吻合，故称之为孙博Ⅵ型。结论（1）从解剖形态看应增加孙博Ⅵ型较全面；（2）从临床实用角度出发，趾蹼间血管可以简单分为三型：Ⅰ型交通支口径在0．5mm以上。Ⅱ型交通支在0．5mm以下。Ⅲ型无交通；（3）手术中采用第一套或第二套供血系统，首先要看趾蹼间血管的交通支，即按本组的分型属Ⅰ型采用第一套供血系统，Ⅱ、Ⅲ型采用第二套供血系统。     

足部骨筋膜室综合征早期诊断与治疗

目的:探讨足部骨筋膜室综合征早期诊断与治疗结果。方法:1998年1月-2003年12月收治15例足骨筋膜室综合征患者(均为男性:年龄15～55岁,平均32岁),行足背双切口减压4例,足底内侧减压9例,足内外两侧减压2例。1周后行减张缝合或植皮术。结果:15例随访9～24个月,12例恢复佳,足运动感觉正常;2例有足底感觉减退、足趾麻木;1例遗留前足挛缩、无力,足趾麻木。无爪形趾及功能障碍者。结论:足损伤后,Whiteside法测定组织间隙压力是诊断足骨筋膜室综合征的可靠方法。治疗时足部如有骨折、血肿者,骨筋膜室减张切口,宜选择足底内侧切开效果较好。     

丹参对持续癫痫幼鼠脑损伤保护作用的实验研究

目的 探讨丹参对持续癫痫发作诱发幼鼠脑神经元损伤是否具有保护作用。方法 皮下及腹腔注射贝美格针诱发健康幼龄鼠癫痫持续状态发作。光镜下观察神经元病变情况；电镜观察海马神经元超微结构的改变。结果 持续癫痴组幼鼠脑组织光镜下可见明显的神经元病变。电镜下可见海马区神经元的超微结构病变。丹参治疗组神经元病变均轻于持续癫痴组；而正常对照组未见类似病变。结论 丹参在组织、细胞和亚细胞水平对持续癫病幼鼠脑神经元损伤具有一定的保护作用，为临床有效防治小儿惊厥性脑损伤提供了可靠的实验依据。     

Sciatic Neuropathy: Case Report and Discussion of the Literature on Postoperative Sciatic Neuropathy and Sciatic Nerve Tumors

Sciatic nerve injury and dysfunction is not an uncommon cause of lower extremity symptoms in a musculoskeletal practice. We present the case of a man who presented with lower extremity weakness, pain, and cramps, and was initially diagnosed at an outside institution with bilateral S1 radiculopathies and recommended for spine surgery. He came to us for a second opinion. Electrodiagnostic testing revealed an isolated sciatic neuropathy and the patient was referred for imaging, which showed a sciatic nerve sheath tumor. Review of the literature on sciatic neuropathies shows that there can be many possible etiologies of sciatic nerve dysfunction, but that hip arthroplasty continues to be the leading risk factor. Sciatic nerve tumors are not commonly described in the literature and their definitive management remains unclear.     

直肠癌术中保留盆腔自主神经对男性排尿及性功能的影响

目的探讨直肠癌根治术中保留盆腔自主神经（PANP）对男性排尿及性功能的影响。方法以问卷彤式调查48例直肠癌患者PANP手术和24例非PANP手术前、后的排尿功能和性功能，比较分析行直肠癌根治术的PANP组和非PANP组患者术后排尿和性功能指标及直肠癌的局部复发率。结果PANP组患者术后排尿及性功能部分指标优于对照组（P〈0．05），两组术后局部癌肿复发率比较尤显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结论直肠癌患者根治术中实施PANP，既不增加局部癌肿复发率，还可以改善患者的排尿和性功能，提高患者的生存质量。