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排序方式: 共有8013条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
目的 探讨基于正交试验的肾造瘘管不同固定方案的比较效果。方法 将14Fr硅胶肾造瘘管固定在聚乙烯展板和拉力显示器上,以固定材料、固定方法、面积为3个影响因素,每个因素3个水平,每组进行3次试验再求平均值作为最后拉力值F,共进行9个固定方案共27次试验。利用L9(33)正交试验矩阵研究不同材料(医用橡皮膏、医用透气胶带、医用无纺布胶带)、固定方法(交叉固定法、“工”字固定法和改良“工”字固定法)及面积(16 cm2、24 cm2、32 cm2)对肾造瘘管固定强度的影响。结果 正交试验所选的3种影响因素中,对拉力值影响显著性排序为:材料>方法>面积;3种固定材料中,医用橡皮膏固定强度最大。结论 肾造瘘管固定方案中,最佳固定组合为以医用橡皮膏结合改良“工”字法固定,可为临床管道固定方案的选择提供参考。  相似文献   
2.
Bedaquiline is a new ATP synthesis inhibitor developed as an anti-tuberculosis agent. It has resistance-associated variants (RAV), regardless of preceding bedaquiline exposure. Herein, we describe the case of a patient with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) who had no history of bedaquiline therapy but presented a relatively high minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of bedaquiline (1 μg/mL). Whole genome sequencing revealed a mutation in the resistance-associated gene Rv0678. The patient was first treated with a five-drug regimen (bedaquiline, delamanid, levofloxacin, cycloserine, and amikacin), which induced negative sputum culture conversion. Despite the successful treatment outcome, several questions remain regarding the efficacy of bedaquiline in this patient. Bedaquiline is an indispensable drug for MDR-TB treatment, but its clinical efficiency in the presence of Rv0678 mutations remains unclear. Therefore, evaluating the MIC of bedaquiline even in patients without a history of bedaquiline use is important for therapeutic regimen selection and may emphasize the importance of therapeutic drug monitoring in cases of bedaquiline RAV.  相似文献   
3.
We report a rare case of uterine carcinosarcoma involving a 74-year-old woman. The patient complained of posmenopausal bleeding. The disease was eventually diagnosed as simultaneous uterine carcinosarcoma and high-grade serous tubal carcinoma.Clinical examination found a cervical tumour and transvaginal ultrasound showed a heterogeneous intrauterine image. The histological result of both findings was carcinosarcoma.The computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging reported similar findings for intrauterine and cervical tumour, with the same features as a possible myoma or mass with sarcomatous degeneration.Given the suspicion of a high-risk variant of endometrial adenocarcinoma, the primary management of carcinosarcoma is surgery. Complete surgical staging included total hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy, pelvic and para-aortic lymph node dissection.The pathological findings revealed a uterine carcinosarcoma tumour, invading less than half the myometrium and the stromal connective tissue of the cervix but not extending beyond the uterus. The histopathological studies of bilateral adnexectomy and the peritoneal biopsy demonstrated the presence of high-grade serous tubal carcinoma. The lymph study was negative for malignancy.We concluded a synchronous diagnosis of uterine carcinosarcoma stage II and high-grade serous tubal carcinoma stage IIIB.A detailed literature search and management of this entity are discussed.  相似文献   
4.

Background

Volatile propofol can be measured in exhaled air and correlates to plasma concentrations with a time delay. However, the effect of single-lung ventilation on exhaled propofol is unclear. Therefore, our goal was to evaluate exhaled propofol concentrations during single-lung compared to double-lung ventilation using double-lumen tubes.

Methods

In a first step, we quantified adhesion of volatile propofol to the inner surface of double-lumen tubes during double- and single-lumen ventilation in vitro. In a second step, we enrolled 30 patients scheduled for lung surgery in two study centers. Anesthesia was provided with propofol and remifentanil. We utilized left-sided double-lumen tubes to separately ventilate each lung. Exhaled propofol concentrations were measured at 1-min intervals and plasma for propofol analyses was sampled every 20 min. To eliminate the influence of dosing on volatile propofol concentration, exhalation rate was normalized to plasma concentration.

Results

In-vitro ventilation of double-lumen tubes resulted in increasing propofol concentrations at the distal end of the tube over time. In vitro clamping the bronchial lumen led to an even more pronounced increase (Δ AUC +62%) in propofol gas concentration over time. Normalized propofol exhalation during lung surgery was 31% higher during single-lung compared to double-lung ventilation.

Conclusion

During single-lung ventilation, propofol concentration in exhaled air, in contrast to our expectations, increased by approximately one third. However, this observation might not be affected by change in perfusion-ventilation during single-lung ventilation but rather arises from reduced propofol absorption on the inner surface area of the double-lumen tube. Thus, it is only possible to utilize exhaled propofol concentration to a limited extent during single-lung ventilation.

Registration of Clinical Trial

DRKS-ID DRKS00014788 ( www.drks.de ).  相似文献   
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目的:观察新型RS泪道引流管和环形硅胶管置入术治疗泪小管断裂的疗效及安全性。

方法:回顾性研究。选取2018-08/2021-08我院泪小管断裂患者64例64眼,根据治疗方式不同,分为RS泪道引流管置入术组34眼和环形硅胶管置入术组30眼。比较两组患者术后3、6mo临床疗效、手术时间、术后眼睑肿胀消退时间、并发症情况。

结果:RS泪道引流管置入术组和环形硅胶管置入术组患者术后3mo(94% vs 87%)和术后6mo总有效率(91% vs 83%)比较均无差异(均P<0.05); RS泪道引流管置入术组手术时间、术后眼睑肿胀消退时间均明显短于环形硅胶管置入术组(均P<0.001); RS泪道引流管置入术组患者并发症总发生率低于环形硅胶管置入术组(12% vs 33%,P=0.037)。

结论:RS泪道引流管和环形硅胶管置入术治疗泪小管断裂均能获得良好疗效,但RS泪道引流管治疗的患者手术时间更短,术后恢复更快,并发症较少,安全性更好。  相似文献   

8.
Suicides by pentobarbital overdose have increased since about 2012, which appear to be influenced by technical information on active euthanasia that has spread over the Internet. We encountered a pentobarbital poisoning case of a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A caregiver found the patient unconscious immediately after two visitors left the room. The patient was immediately transferred to the emergency hospital but eventually declared dead. A fatal concentration of pentobarbital was detected in peripheral blood samples collected in the emergency hospital and during autopsy (53.8 μg/mL and 29.4 μg/mL, respectively). Because the ratios of pentobarbital concentrations between the gastric contents and peripheral blood were 35 and 29 in the hospital and autopsy samples, respectively, it is likely that pentobarbital was administered via the gastrostomy tube. The patient had contacted the visitors through social media. Although the patient had requested the doctor perform active euthanasia and expressed a desire to end their life on social media, nobody had noticed the plan to commit suicide.  相似文献   
9.
目的观察手术治疗儿童硬脊膜囊末端囊肿样膨出的疗效。方法2015年1月至2021年1月苏州大学附属儿童医院神经外科采用手术治疗11例儿童硬脊膜囊末端囊肿样膨出患者,其中8例行终丝离断+椎管内囊肿切除+硬脊膜囊末端缺损修补术,2例仅行终丝切断手术,1例行终丝离断+囊壁部分切除+囊腔脂肪填塞术。回顾性观察患儿术后的临床及影像学改善情况。结果11例患儿术后无一例发生感染及脑脊液漏等并发症。术后随访3个月至5年4个月(中位数为3年6个月),无一例患儿出现新发神经功能缺损症状;4例术前出现症状的患儿术后3例原有症状明显改善。术后3~6个月复查MRI,所有患儿均可见终丝离断;行硬膜囊远端瘘口修补的8例患儿,术后MRI显示骶管囊肿基本消失;行终丝离断+囊壁部分切除+囊腔脂肪填塞术的1例患儿,术后MRI显示囊肿为填塞脂肪组织代替。3例术前出现脊髓远端和终丝中央管极度扩张的患儿,术后MRI显示扩张明显改善。结论采用手术治疗儿童硬脊膜囊末端囊肿样膨出,手术安全;可改善患儿的临床症状和影像学情况。  相似文献   
10.
目的: 了解北京市妇女围受孕期服用叶酸的依从性,探索服用叶酸对胎儿神经管缺陷(neural tube defects,NTDs)的预防效果,分析影响叶酸服用依从性的因素,并提出改善叶酸服用依从性的对策和建议。方法: 以通州区2013—2018年92 121例分娩妇女的常规孕期保健数据和人群出生缺陷监测数据为基础,计算妇女的叶酸服用率和依从服用率(即孕前开始且规律服用率), 并分析服用叶酸与NTDs发生率的关系,同时采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归模型分析叶酸依从服用率的影响因素,并提出改善妇女围受孕期叶酸服用依从性的对策。结果: 6年间,妇女围受孕期叶酸总服用率为90.08%,有微弱上升趋势,而叶酸依从服用率仅为41.5%,且呈明显下降趋势。服用叶酸的妇女其胎儿NTDs的发生率是(5.5/万)未服用叶酸者(19.7/万)的27.9% (χ2=23.74,P<0.001),而服用单纯叶酸片和服用含叶酸的多种微量营养素的NTDs发病率未见统计学差异。母亲围受孕期补充叶酸可以减少70%的NTDs发病风险(RR=0.28,95%CI:0.16~0.49),且对无脑畸形和脊柱裂亚型均有预防效果。控制混杂因素后,本地户籍、文化程度为高中及以上的妇女叶酸依从服用率高于外地户籍、文化程度为初中及以下的妇女(P<0.05),年龄小于25岁、孕前偏瘦或肥胖的妇女、经产妇的叶酸依从服用率低于相应对比组(P<0.05)。结论: 北京市通州区妇女围受孕期叶酸服用率较高,但服用依从性较低,妇女围受孕期未服用叶酸严重影响NTDs的预防效果。叶酸依从服用率受妇女的年龄、文化程度、职业、户籍地、产次等多种因素影响,应重点关注年龄小于25岁、体型消瘦或肥胖、文化程度较低、经产及夫妻均为外地户籍的妇女,以提高围受孕期叶酸服用的依从性,更好地发挥叶酸预防NTDs的效果。  相似文献   
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