The role of conventional radiography to assess the outcome of oncologic skeletal reconstructions of lower limbs aided by vascularized fibular autograft

IntroductionVascularized fibular autografts (VFA) are used in the oncologic skeletal reconstructions of long bones, alone or combined with massive bone allografts (MBA). Data regarding the role of imaging in assessing these complex skeletal reconstructions are lacking, and have mainly focused on Computed Tomography (CT). Our aim was to evaluate if early conventional radiography (CR) findings are correlated with the outcome of these skeletal reconstructions.Materials and methodsAll consecutive patients who underwent oncologic resection of lower limbs long bones followed by VFA reconstruction were included in this single-center retrospective study. We compared the CR obtained immediately after surgery with the CR at the 6-month control, as well as the CR at 6 months with the CT at 6 months when available. The following scores were assigned to the VFA: 0 (unchanged), 1 (osteopenia-cortical bone thinning), 2 (increase in bone density-cortical thickening). We then investigated whether this score correlated with the implant outcome within 12 months (optimal integration, suboptimal integration, integration requiring further surgery or lack of integration) using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses, considering the occurrence of integration and the duration time before the surgical removal of the whole bone reconstruction.ResultsForty-five patients were included (32 men [71.1%], mean age 14.6 years), 26 affected by osteosarcoma, 14 by Ewing sarcoma, 3 by adamantinoma and 2 operated for the failure of previous reconstructions for bone sarcoma. VFA changes on 6-month CR were significantly associated with optimal integration of the implants (log-rank P = 0.0137, multivariate Hazard ratio = 7.62, 95% confidence interval = 1.13–51.25). None of the other clinical and surgical features were associated with the implant outcome. The findings on 6-month CR and CT follow-up were not significantly different. CT at 6 months was available in 36 patients (80.0%).ConclusionThe assessment of VFA morphological changes on CR performed at 6 months can predict the outcome of the skeletal implant. This data should be considered for clinical decision-making, selecting patients requiring additional images (CT), and possible subsequent revision surgical procedures.     

Colonoscopy Versus Catheter Angiography for Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding After Localization on CT Angiography

PurposeThe aim of this study was to compare catheter angiography (CA) and colonoscopy outcomes after successful CT angiographic (CTA) localization for patients with overt lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB).MethodsSeventy-one consecutive patients from two institutions between 2010 and 2020 had both contrast extravasation on CTA imaging in the lower gastrointestinal tract and subsequent CA or colonoscopy. The primary outcome was confirmation of active bleeding during CA or colonoscopy (defined as confirmation yield). The secondary outcomes were to determine therapeutic yield (hemostatic therapy), time to procedure, rebleeding rate, and adverse outcome rates (defined as surgery, acute kidney injury, initiation of dialysis, and overall mortality). Univariate analyses and multivariable analyses with P < .05 were used to determine statistical significance.ResultsForty-four patients underwent CA and 27 underwent colonoscopy. CA had higher overall confirmation yield (55% vs 26%, P = .026), whereas therapeutic yields were similar (70% vs 56%, P = .214). Time to procedure was 5.1 ± 3.4 hours for CA and 15.5 ± 13.6 hours for colonoscopy (P < .001). On multivariable analysis, shorter time to procedure was the only statistically significant predictor of confirmation yield (P = .037) and therapeutic yield (P = .013), whereas procedure, hemoglobin, transfusions, and hemodynamic instability were not. Adverse events and rebleeding were not statistically different between patients who underwent CA and colonoscopy (P > .05).ConclusionsShorter time to procedure was the only statistically significant predictor of confirmation and therapeutic yield after CTA localization of LGIB. Because CA can be performed sooner than colonoscopy without increased rates of adverse outcomes or rebleeding, CA may be a reasonable first-line treatment option in patients with CTA localization of LGIB.     

血清维生素D水平对维持性血液透析患者下肢肌力减退的预测作用

目的探讨维持性血液透析(MHD)患者血清维生素D水平对下肢肌力减退的预测作用。 方法横断面研究设计，选择2018年9月至10月于战略支援部队特色医学中心血液净化中心的95例MHD患者，检测其血清25-羟维生素D₃[25(OH)D₃]水平，采用5次站立-坐下实验(5-STS)评价其下肢肌力。根据5-STS完成时间将MHD患者分为下肢肌力正常组(n＝85)与减退组(n＝10)，比较两组患者人口学特征、实验室指标。采用多因素Logistic回归分析下肢肌力减退的影响因素，绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析上述因素预测MHD患者发生下肢肌力减退的特异度和敏感度。 结果95例MHD患者血清25(OH)D₃水平为11.00~99.50 nmol/L，中位数31.23(19.90~43.30)nmol/L；5-STS完成时间为3.55 s~18.71 s，中位数9.81(7.12，12.43)s，下肢肌力减退者10例(10.53%)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，血清25(OH)D₃是MHD患者下肢肌力减退的保护性因素[OR＝0.761，95%CI(0.592~0.978)，P＝0.033]。进一步ROC曲线分析显示，25(OH)D₃对应的ROC曲线下面积为0.815，其预测MHD患者发生下肢肌力减退的敏感度为80.00%，特异度为80.00%。 结论MHD患者血清25(OH)D₃水平普遍较低，下肢肌力减退者更为明显；血清维生素D水平对MHD患者是否存在下肢肌力减退具有较好的预测价值。     

淋巴水肿上肢体积测量装置的设计及应用

目的 探讨自行设计的淋巴水肿上肢体积测量装置在测量淋巴水肿患者肢体肿胀程度方面的应用效果。 方法 选择2018年7月至2018年12月在我院淋巴水肿专病门诊就诊的患者70例,按照随机数字表法分为观察组(n=35)和对照组(n=35),观察组采用淋巴水肿上肢体积测量装置评估患者治疗前后患侧肢体的肿胀程度,对照组采用传统的软尺测量+不可擦记号笔做标记的方法测量患者治疗前后患侧肢体的周径变化情况。 结果 满意度评价中观察组的满意率明显高于对照组(P＜0.05),护士操作难易度比较中,观察组护士认为操作简单的频率明显高于对照组(P＜0.05)。 结论 自行设计的淋巴水肿上肢体积测量装置可以提高患者的满意度,方便护士操作,值得临床推广。     

不同介入方案治疗急性下肢静脉血栓的临床效果与安全性比较

目的 探讨不同介入方案治疗急性下肢静脉血栓(DVT)的临床效果与安全性。方法 选取我院2015年1月～2019年12月介入科收治的急性DVT患者54例作为研究对象,按照治疗方式的不同分为研究组27例和对照组27例。研究组采用血管腔内综合治疗,对照组采用导管介导溶栓治疗,比较两组患者疗效评价、治疗前后膝上、下15 cm与患肢周径差、治疗前后皮肤肿胀张力、静脉通畅率、住院时间和并发症发生情况。结果 经治疗后研究组患者膝上、下15 cm与患肢周径差均短于对照组(P0.05);经治疗后研究组患者皮肤肿胀张力恢复程度显著优于对照组(P0.05);经治疗后研究组患者静脉通畅率显著高于对照组(P0.05);研究组治疗有效率显著高于对照组(P0.05);研究组患者住院时间明显少于对照组,且其并发症发生率显著低于对照组(P0.05)。结论 血管腔内综合介入治疗能够有效改善患者下肢症状,提高DVT恢复情况,降低并发症的发生,从而有效提高患者生活质量,为临床治疗DVT提供重要参考。     

早期卧位踏车训练对下肢重度烧伤患者的效果

目的探讨早期卧位踏车训练在下肢重度烧伤患者功能康复中的临床效果。方法2016年10月至2017年12月,下肢重度烧伤患者30例分为对照组和观察组,各15例。对照组采用常规综合康复,观察组此基础上增加早期卧位踏车训练。入院时和住院治疗6周后,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、疼痛数字评分法(NRS)、Berg平衡量表(BBS)和6分钟步行测试进行评定。结果治疗后,两组SAS、SDS、NRS评分均明显降低(t>3.636,P<0.01),观察组低于对照组(t>2.319,P<0.05);观察组BBS评分和6分钟步行距离高于对照组(t>2.541,P<0.05)。结论早期卧位踏车训练对下肢重度烧伤患者功能恢复有一定促进作用。     

张力平衡针法联合电针对脑卒中足下垂患者下肢功能及日常生活能力的影响

目的:研究张力平衡针法联合电针对脑卒中足下垂患者下肢功能及日常生活能力的影响。方法:选取我院2016年1月—2019年5月收治的脑卒中足下垂患者78例,根据随机数字表法分为两组,各39例。对照组给予电针疗法,治疗组在对照组基础上给予张力平衡针法,对比两组患者治疗前后的肌张力和CSI评分、足内翻角度和足下垂角度、Barthel指数评分和FMA评分、SF-36量表评分。结果:经治疗后,两组患者肌张力评分显著升高,CSI评分显著降低(P<0.05),且治疗组改善程度较大(P<0.05);两组患者足内翻角度和足下垂角度显著低于治疗前(P<0.05),且治疗组降低程度较大(P<0.05);两组患者FMA评分和Barthel指数评分显著升高(P<0.05),且治疗组升高程度较大(P<0.05);两组患者情感功能、生理功能和社会功能评分均显著高于治疗前(P<0.05),且治疗组升高程度较大(P<0.05)。结论:采用张力平衡针法联合电针治疗脑卒中足下垂能够改善日常生活能力及下肢功能,值得在临床上推广应用。     

Severe lumbar spinal stenosis combined with Guillain-Barré syndrome: A case report

BACKGROUNDGuillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare disorder that typically presents with ascending weakness, pain, paraesthesias, and numbness, which mimic the findings in lumbar spinal stenosis. Here, we report a case of severe lumbar spinal stenosis combined with GBS.CASE SUMMARYA 70-year-old man with a history of lumbar spinal stenosis presented to our emergency department with severe lower back pain and lower extremity numbness. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the diagnosis of severe lumbar spinal stenosis. However, his symptoms did not improve postoperatively and he developed dysphagia and upper extremity numbness. An electromyogram was performed. Based on his symptoms, physical examination, and electromyogram, he was diagnosed with GBS. After 5 d of intravenous immunoglobulin (0.4 g/kg/d for 5 d) therapy, he gained 4/5 of strength in his upper and lower extremities and denied paraesthesias. He had regained 5/5 of strength in his extremities when he was discharged and had no symptoms during follow-up.CONCLUSIONGBS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of spinal disorder, even though magnetic resonance imaging shows severe lumbar spinal stenosis. This case highlights the importance of a careful diagnosis when a patient has a history of a disease and comes to the hospital with the same or similar symptoms.     

置管溶栓与机械吸栓治疗急性下肢动脉血栓的安全性与疗效比较

目的:比较机械吸栓(PMT)与置管溶栓(CDT)治疗急性下肢动脉血栓的安全性与临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2015年7月—2018年3月因急性下肢动脉血栓形成接受腔内介入治疗的67例患者的临床资料。其中37例行PMT治疗(PMT组),30例行CDT治疗(CDT组),比较两组的围手术期相关指标。结果:两组患者术前指标、术后需进一步行球囊扩张+支架植入的患者例数、一期血管开通率以及12个月一期血管通畅率均无统计学差异(均P0.05)。PMT组平均住院时间明显低于CDT组[(5.8±0.8)d vs.(8.9±0.6)d,P0.05],但平均住院费用高于CDT组[(7.0±1.1)万元vs.(4.8±0.8)万元,P0.05]。两组患者术后严重出血、术后截肢、穿刺处血肿、穿刺处感染、肾功能不全发生率均无统计学差异(均P0.05),但PMT组术后总并发症发生率明显低于CDT组(5.4%vs. 26.7%,P0.05)。结论:PMT与CDT在治疗急性下肢动脉血栓方面同样是安全、有效的。PMT相对于CDT术后总并发症发生率和住院时间减少,但住院费用增加。     

Association of quadriceps angle with plantar pressure distribution,navicular height and calcaneo-tibial angle

ObjectiveThe aim of study was to analyze the association between Quadriceps Angle (QA) and plantar pressure, navicular height (NH), and calcaneo-tibial angle (CTA).MethodsA total of 64 volunteers (mean age: 22.25 ± 2.54 (range:19–33)) participated in this cross sectional study. EMED-m (Novel GmbH, Germany) electronic pedobarograph was employed for dynamic plantar pressure measurement using two step protocol. The angle between the vertical axis of calcaneus and the long axis of Achilles tendon for CTA. The height of navicular tubercle from the ground was measured while the subject was standing on both feet for NH. QA was measured while the subject was standing in a relaxed posture where both feet bearing equal weight.ResultsThere were significant negative correlations between QA and maximum force (MxF) under the 4th. metatarsal head (MH4). The QA was also significantly correlated with MxF and force-time integral (FTI) under the bigtoe (BT). FTI under the 3rd. metatarsal head (MH3), MH4 and 5th. metatarsal head (MH5) were significantly negatively correlated with QA. Pressure-time integral (PTI) under the MH4 and MH5 were found to be significantly negatively correlated with QA. A significant correlation was also found between QA and NH (p < 0.0001), whilst there was no correlation between QA and CTA. Regression analysis showed that NH was appeared as the major contributor for the QA (β = −0.49, p < 0.001) in the dynamic condition, followed by BT-FTI (β = 0.37, p < 0.001) and MH5-MxF (β = −0.21, p < 0.037).ConclusionThese findings may imply that the NH which can at least be controlled by appropriate shoe inserts may affect QA. This way, loading pattern of both plantar region and whole lower extremity may be altered.Level of evidenceLevel III, Diagnostic Study.