芫根调节免疫功能的小肠转录组学研究

利用生物信息学技术初步探索芫根调控肠道免疫功能的分子生物学机制。方法 选择雄性SPF级BALB/c小鼠18只，随机分为3组，每组6只。SC1组小鼠每只每次灌胃芫根提取液150 μL，SC2组小鼠每只每次灌胃绞碎芫根原浆悬液150 μL，NC组小鼠每只每次灌胃生理盐水150 μL，连续7 d每日灌胃一次。分别取每组小鼠小肠组织样品提取RNA，总RNA的质检合格后，进行转录组测序。按GO功能和KEGG信号通路对差异表达基因聚类分析揭示差异表达高度富集的免疫相关通路。从免疫角度分析芫根灌胃小鼠小肠组织的基因表达变化情况。结果 转录组测序共检测到27733条 mRNA的表达，SC1组与NC组比较，显著差异表达基因1635个，其中上调差异表达基因1236个，下调差异表达基因399个；SC2组与NC组比较，显著差异表达基因2872个，其中上调差异表达基因2233个，下调差异表达基因639个（P＜0.05）。按GO功能和KEGG信号通路聚类分析显示差异表达基因在白介素分泌、干扰素反应、T细胞受体信号通路及维生素和脂肪消化吸收等途径的富集度在两个芫根组中均居于前20位（P＜0.01），肠黏膜趋化因子CCL20和巨噬细胞极化标志物CD274等免疫蛋白编码基因差异表达显著且同属于上述多个免疫通路。结论 芫根灌胃小鼠小肠的差异表达基因在白介素分泌、干扰素反应、T细胞受体信号通路、营养物质消化吸收等途径高度富集，提示芫根对肠道免疫系统及肠黏膜功能的调节，其中CD274的表达上调和CCL20的表达下调提示诱导M1型巨噬细胞极化和T细胞活化可能是芫根调控免疫和维护肠道正常结构功能的重要途径。     

Cardioprotective effects of sinomenine in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in a rat model

BackgroundIschemia reperfusion (I/R) play an imperative role in the expansion of cardiovascular disease. Sinomenine (SM) has been exhibited to possess antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and anticarcinogenic properties. The aim of the study was scrutinized the cardioprotective effect of SM against I/R injury in rat.MethodsRat were randomly divided into normal control (NC), I/R control and I/R + SM (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg), respectively. Ventricular arrhythmias, body weight and heart weight were estimated. Antioxidant, inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory mediators and plasmin system indicator were accessed.ResultsPre-treated SM group rats exhibited the reduction in the duration and incidence of ventricular fibrillation, ventricular ectopic beat (VEB) and ventricular tachycardia along with suppression of arrhythmia score during the ischemia (30 and 120 min). SM treated rats significantly (P < 0.001) altered the level of antioxidant parameters. SM treatment significantly (P < 0.001) repressed the level of creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), creatine kinase (CK) and troponin I (Tnl). SM treated rats significantly (P < 0.001) repressed the tissue factor (TF), thromboxane B2 (TXB2), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) and plasma fibrinogen (Fbg) and inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators.ConclusionOur result clearly indicated that SM plays anti-arrhythmia effect in I/R injury in the rats via alteration of oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction.     

Delayed haemolytic transfusion reaction due to Kidd antibodies

A delayed haemolytic transfusion reaction (DHTR) encompasses a positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT) developed anytime between 24 hours to 28 days after cessation of transfusion, a positive eluate or a newly identified alloantibody in the plasma or serum along with features of haemolysis in the patient. Routinely, it is expected that with the transfusion of one unit of packed red cells in a patient of average height and weight, the haemoglobin level and hematocrit increase by 1 g/dL and 3% respectively. However, in a patient with DHTR, an inadequate rise of post-transfusion haemoglobin (< 1 g/dL) or rapid fall in haemoglobin back to pre-transfusion levels is observed. Kidd antibodies are particularly known to cause DHTR, maybe alone or in unison with other antibodies. Detection of these alloantibodies is consequential in providing good transfusion support to these patients. These events may be difficult to detect as they may present as varied clinical features or immunological nuisances. In this case series, we have presented three cases of DHTR with special emphasis on their clinical presentations, immunohaematological evaluations, laboratory parameters and the role of proper transfusion support in these patients to avoid further complications.     

医院信息化平台住院陪护人员管理功能的开发与应用

目的 探讨医院信息系统中增加住院陪护管理功能的应用效果。方法 基于互联网医院、智慧医院等信息系统，开发信息化住院陪护管理功能，包括流行病学史调查、免费核酸申请、电子陪护证办理、体温监测登记及上报和统计查询。该功能与医院智慧护理链接后全院应用。比较功能应用前和应用后的遵医嘱一患一陪达标率、有效陪护证达标率、体温监测并登记日上报达标率和陪护证使用追溯率，评价护士和管理者疫情防控管理的人均耗时以及对该管理功能的满意度。结果 应用信息化陪护管理功能后，一患一陪达标率、有效陪护证达标率、体温监测并登记日上报达标率和陪护证使用追溯率显著高于应用前（均P＜0.05）；护士陪护管理人均耗时从（554.13±30.77）s降至（311.67±21.54）s（P＜0.05）；护士和管理者对该信息化陪护管理功能的满意度显著提高（均P＜0.05）。结论 信息化住院陪护管理功能的应用有效提升了疫情期间陪护的管理质量和管理效率，提高了一线护士和管理者的满意度。     

Eulerian Algorithms for Computing the Forward Finite Time Lyapunov Exponent Without Finite Difference upon the Flow Map

In this paper, effective Eulerian algorithms are introduced for the computation of the forward finite time Lyapunov exponent (FTLE) of smooth flow fields. The advantages of the proposed algorithms mainly manifest in two aspects. First, previous Eulerian approaches for computing the FTLE field are improved so that the Jacobian of the flow map can be obtained by directly solving a corresponding system of partial differential equations, rather than by implementing certain finite difference upon the flow map, which can significantly improve the accuracy of the numerical solution especially near the FTLE ridges. Second, in the proposed algorithms, all computations are done on the fly, that is, all required partial differential equations are solved forward in time, which is practically more natural. The new algorithms still maintain the optimal computational complexity as well as the second order accuracy. Numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.     

Improvement of patient localization repeatability using a light-section based optical surface guidance system in a pre-positioning procedure

PurposeSurface-guided radiotherapy is useful for the pre-positioning and monitoring of radiotherapy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of surface guidance on the repeatability of patient localization and to estimate the specific point at which high positional errors occur.Materials and methodsTen patients without the VOXELAN system (non-VXLN group) and 10 patients with the VOXELAN as the pre-positioning procedure (VXLN group) were included in this analysis. Twelve regions of interest (ROI) were defined in all the patients to verify any misalignment during radiotherapy. Thirteen ROIs were defined on the isocenter.ResultsCompared with the non-VXLN group, the translational positional errors of the VXLN group were the same for all the ROIs. The mean translational positional errors of the VXLN group in the longitudinal direction were approximately 0.1 mm, and the standard deviation was the largest among the three directions in all the ROIs. The magnitude of the standard deviation in the non-VXLN group varied independently of the ROI and direction. The standard deviations of the VXLN group in the longitudinal direction were large in all the ROIs, while the standard deviations in the vertical and lateral directions were small.ConclusionPre-positioning with a surface guidance system reduced the body twist and rotation, which could not be corrected by image-guided radiotherapy alone. Since the VOXELAN can detect positioning errors quickly and without additional radiation exposure to the patient, it can be used as a tool for pre-positioning in radiotherapy.