2型糖尿病患者应用自我血糖监测评估格列齐特缓释片减少血糖波动的研究

123例2型糖尿病患者分为格列齐特缓释片(达美康(R)MR)组、格列齐特(达美康(R))组、格列本脲组,治疗16周,同时自我血糖监测 (SMBG).3组降糖效果相似.但反映血糖波动的最高血糖最低血糖差值、反映餐后血糖波动的全天平均餐后最高血糖、餐后2 h血糖、餐后2 h胰岛素和低血糖事件,格列齐特缓释片组均明显低于格列本脲组(均P＜0.01).提示SMBG是评估血糖波动的实用方法.     

磺脲类受体1基因16-3c/t多态性与格列齐特降糖疗效的关系

目的 研究磺脲类受体1（SUR1）基因16—3C／T多态性对格列齐特降糖疗效的影响。方法 153名2型糖尿病患者服用格列齐特8周，用水解探针技术检测病人SUR1 16—3C／T多态性，比较不同基因型患者治疗前后血糖、HbA1c、HOMA-β、HOMA—IR的变化。结果 基线水平时3种基因型患者的临床表型相似，治疗结束后T／T纯合子患者HbA1c下降和HOMA-β上升程度明显高于其他基因型患者（P均〈0．050）。结论 16—3C／T多态性对格列齐特的降糖疗效有修饰作用，T／T型患者服用格列齐特后胰岛β细胞功能明显提高，取得较好的HbA1c控制。     

渴乐宁胶囊联合格列齐特治疗2型糖尿病的临床研究

目的探讨渴乐宁胶囊联合格列齐特缓释片治疗2型糖尿病临床疗效。方法选取2017年3月—2018年3月在漯河市中心医院治疗的2型糖尿病患者92例,根据入院号分为对照组(46例)和治疗组(46例)。对照组口服格列齐特缓释片,初始剂量30 mg/次,1次/d,根据患者血糖情况每间隔14 d增加1片,血糖控制后30 mg/次,1次/d;治疗组在对照组基础上口服渴乐宁胶囊,1.80g/次,3次/d。两组均治疗4周。观察两组患者临床疗效,同时比较治疗前后两组患者空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)、糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c)、胰岛素(FINS)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、脂联素(APN)、瘦素(LP)和皮质醇(Cor)水平。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组临床有效率分别为82.61%和97.82%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后两组FPG、2 h PG、HbAlc、FINS、hs-CRP、MCP-1、IL-1β和TNF-α水平均显著下降(P0.05),且治疗后治疗组上述血糖和炎性指标水平明显低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后,两组LP、Cor水平均显著下降(P0.05),APN水平显著上升(P0.05),且治疗组LP、Cor和APN水平明显好于对照组(P0.05)。结论渴乐宁胶囊联合格列齐特缓释片治疗2型糖尿病可有效控制患者血糖水平,降低机体炎症反应,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

Secondary sulfonylurea failure: comparison of period until insulin treatment between diabetic patients treated with gliclazide and glibenclamide

We retrospectively evaluated a possible difference in periods until start of insulin treatment between type 2 diabetic patients treated with gliclazide (GCZ) and glibenclamide (GBC), because GCZ might be protective for beta cells than GBC. Subjects were Japanese patients. GCZ group consisted of patients treated with GCZ alone or with GCZ and GBC in the separate treatment periods in combination with or without other oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs), while GBC group consisted of patients with GBC alone or in combination with other OHAs except GCZ. The periods until the treatment of insulin commenced were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Proportional hazards models were used to adjust the differing variables between GCZ and GBC groups. The periods until the start of insulin treatment from diabetes onset, diabetes treatment, or GCZ or GBC treatment were significantly longer in the GCZ group than those in GBC group (P < 0.001 in each group). Independent variables affecting the period were average HbA1c levels during GCZ or GBC treatment (hazard ratio = 2.5 per %), other OHAs combined (hazard ratio = 1.9 on combination), and difference between GCZ and GBC groups (hazard ratio = 0.5 on GCZ). These results imply that GCZ may be more protective against secondary beta cell failure than GBC.     

复方丹参滴丸辅助治疗2型糖尿病65例

目的观察复方丹参滴丸辅助治疗2型糖尿病的临床效果。方法选择2型糖尿病患者130例,随机均分为对照组和治疗组各65例,对照组口服格列齐特缓释片(80 mg,每日2次)、阿卡波糖片(100 mg,每日3次)。治疗组在对照组基础上加服复方丹参滴丸(10丸,每日3次),疗程10周。结果对照组总有效率为60.00%,治疗组总有效率为81.54%,两组总有效率比较有显著性差异(χ2=5.46,P<0.05);两组治疗10周后空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白、血清总胆固醇和甘油三酯均显著下降,且治疗组改善更明显。结论复方丹参滴丸辅助治疗2型糖尿病疗效较好,值得临床推广。     

Mechanisms of acute and chronic hypoglycemic action of gliclazide

An extrapancreatic effect of sulfonylureas has been postulated. However, in vivo results have been disputed because the amelioration of insulin action that follows sulfonylurea may represent the relief from glucose toxicity rather than a direct effect of the drug. Therefore, we studied the hypoglycemic action of gliclazide acutely and after 2 months of therapy in seven type 2 diabetic patients. All patients received a 240-minute IV glucose infusion with [3-³H]glucose. In a random order, 160 mg gliclazide (study 1) or placebo (study2) was given orally before glucose infusion. Finally, the effect of 160 mg gliclazide was reassessed after a two-month treatment with the same sulfonylurea (80 mg t. i. d.). Basal plasma glucose, insulin, C-peptide and endogenous glucose production (EGP) were similar before the two initial studies. During glucose infusion, EGP was more suppressed after gliclazide in spite of comparable increase in plasma insulin and C-peptide. After the two-month therapy, basal plasma glucose levels and HbA_1c were lower while plasma insulin and C-peptide were higher with respect to baseline (p < 0.05). Gliclazide further reduced plasma glucose, the incremental area above baseline, and EGP during glucose infusion, while plasma insulin and C-peptide achieved higher plateaus (p < 0.05). When data were pooled, plasma glucose concentration and EGP correlated both in the basal state (r = 0.71) and during the last hour of glucose infusion (r = 0.84; both p < 0.05). These data suggest that gliclazide enhances the suppression of EGP induced by insulin and that this effect is greater with chronic treatment because of concomitant improvement of insulin secretion. Received: 1 June 2000 / Accepted in revised form: 5 December 2000     

Diet only or diet and sulfonylureas in mild type II diabetes (niddm)? Pathophysiologic and therapeutic implications

Summary Plasma glucose, insulin and C-peptide responses to a test meal were studied in 7 nonobese patients with type II diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) treated with diet alone and after 6 months of gliclazide therapy, as well as in 6 matched controls. The glycemic levels were significantly higher (p<0.05) in patients under diet alone than in controls and after gliclazide treatment (peak: 12.8±1.0; 7.9±0.4 and 10.0±0.5 mmol/l, respectively; ±SEM). Diet and gliclazide treated patients showed a reduced B-cell response during the first hour after the meal as indicated by insulin and C-peptide values and areas (insulin areas 0–60 min: controls 57.9 ± 10.9; p<0.01vs diet alone 14.2 ± 2.7 andvs gliclazide 22.1 ± 2.8 μU/ml/min). The hypoinsulinemic phase lasted from 20 to 60 min before gliclazide, and from 20 to 45 min after gliclazide. The first significant C-peptide increase, detected at 10 min in controls and at 30 min under diet alone, was advanced to 15 min after gliclazide treatment. In conclusion: patients with mild, diet-treated NIDDM show a sluggish and attenuated B-cell response to a physiologic challenge (test meal); this secretory impairment is present even after a complete post-prandial glycemic normalization, supporting the idea of a persistent defect. Nevertheless, the slight improvement observed in insulin secretion after gliclazide treatment may be promoting, at least partially, the normalization of prandial hyperglycemia. The benefits of this normalization in diabetic patients previously controlled by diet only await further investigation.     

Acute renal failure after massive ingestion of gliclazide in a suicide attempt

Gliclazide, a sulfonlyurea class molecule, is used to control glycaemic levels in non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Acute and chronic toxicity studies, conducted in various animal species, have demonstrated a very low toxicity. We report a patient who developed acute renal failure due to acute tubular necrosis following a massive ingestion of gliclazide in an suicide attempt. The patient ingested 28 grams of gliclazide; the normal dose of gliclazide is 80 mg one or twice a day. Al admission the patient was hypoglycaemia and in a few days became oliguric with an increase in the serum creatinine concentration, but with a normal blood urea nitrogen level. He underwent dialysis and ten days after ingestion of gliclazide, his renal function improved rapidly.     

Effect of combined gliclazide/metformin treatment on oxidative stress,lipid profile,and hepatorenal functions in type 2 diabetic patients

Background

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition that requires pharmacotherapy interventions. Metformin and gliclazide are widely used drugs in monotherapy. However, their complementary action made utilization of the combination of these drugs an appealing approach.