双重围刺配合刺络拔罐治疗频次对急性带状疱疹疗效的影响

目的观察双重围刺配合刺络拔罐治疗急性期带状疱疹中治疗频次对临床疗效的影响。方法采用随机数字表法将100例急性期带状疱疹患者分为两组,每组50例。两组患者均口服盐酸伐昔洛韦和甲钴胺,联合双重围刺配合刺络拔罐治疗。试验组双重围刺法配合刺络拔罐的治疗频次为每日2次,对照组双重围刺法配合刺络拔罐的治疗频次为每日1次。对比观察两组患者治疗的临床疗效,止疱、结痂、脱痂时间,治疗前后疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分,疼痛缓解程度,每疗程末疼痛持续时间以及带状疱疹后遗神经痛发生率。结果试验组总有效率为98.0%,对照组总有效率为94.0%;两组治疗后VAS评分均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),且试验组低于对照组(P<0.05);试验组止疱、结痂、脱痂时间短于对照组(P<0.05);试验组疼痛缓解程度大于对照组(P<0.05);试验组前3个疗程末日疼痛持续时间均短于对照组(P<0.05);试验组后遗神经痛发生率为10.0%,对照组为18.0%。结论西药口服联合每日2次的双重围刺配合刺络拔罐对急性期带状疱疹患者可提高临床疗效,减轻患者疼痛持续时间及疼痛程度,缩短病程,疗效肯定。     

基于方剂构成信息的知识发现和关联网络构建挖掘海洋中药海马历代用药经验＊

目的 通过对含海马方剂构成信息进行数据挖掘和知识发现，构建关联网络，分析海马的历代应用情况，挖掘海马用药配伍经验，发现海马潜在功效和主治病症，为海马的临床应用和开发提供依据。方法 以《中医方剂大辞典》《中国药典》《中华医典》等多部著作为方源，收集含有海马的相关方剂，并进行频数分析、关联规则挖掘和关联网络的构建。结果 共筛选有文献记载的含海马方剂154首。从剂型看，大多为散剂，从方剂分布年代来看，海马的应用虽然有很长历史，但是古代应用并不广泛，现代应用较多。通过对配伍药物进行分析发现，与海马配伍频率较高的是“鹿茸”、“熟地黄”、“肉苁蓉”等补益药物。从功效主治方面看，大多数方剂具有“补肾”、“温阳”、“益精”等传统功效外，还具有健脑等功效；主治病症中，除“阳痿”、“癥瘕”、“疔疮”等《中国药典》所记载的疾病之外，还可治疗“虚劳”、“健忘”、“瘿病”、“不寐”、“痹证”、“小便淋沥或不通”等。对其进行关联关系分析发现，海马配伍补肾温阳的效果较为明显，多用于治疗阳痿，且腰痛、虚劳、遗精、健忘、不育等疾病的治疗与补肾关系密切；在治疗癥瘕时，多与醋、樗鸡、干漆、硇砂、斑蝥、水蛭、没药、当归配伍。结论 该研究不仅发现了含海马方剂的常用剂型、分布年代和药物配伍规律，发现了历代医家应用海马的临床经验，还探索了海马的潜在应用价值。海马作为一味海洋中药，具有温、补、托、消等特性，除常用于治疗阳痿外，还可用于治疗腰痛、健忘、瘿病、不寐、痹证等病症，这些研究结果可为拓展海马的临床应用提供理论基础及依据。     

The role of protein intake in the relationship between egg consumption and body composition in young adults. A mediation analysis

Background & aimsTo date, the literature examining the effects of whole-egg consumption on health outcomes focuses primarily on cardiovascular health markers; however, a significant gap exists in the literature about how egg consumption may influence body composition indicators. The aim of this study was to estimate the association between egg consumption and body composition indicators and to examine whether this relationship is mediated by protein intake in young adults.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted involving 355 first-year university students (aged 18–30 years) from a Spanish public university. Body composition was measured using bioimpedance and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and fitness components were determined using the course-navette test. Egg consumption and protein intake (both in g/day/kg of body weight) were determined using a 137-item Food-Frequency Questionnaire. ANCOVA models were used to test the mean differences in body composition indicators (body mass index [BMI], ratio waist circumference/height [WC/height], body fat mass percentage, and body lean mass percentage) by egg consumption categories (<1 egg/week, 1–4 eggs/week, ≥5 eggs/week). Hayes's PROCESS macro was used for mediation analyses.ResultsParticipants reporting high egg consumption (≥5 eggs/week) showed significantly lower BMI, WC/height and body fat mass percentage values and higher body lean mass percentage values than those reporting low egg consumption (<1 egg/week) (p < 0.05). However, these relationships were not maintained after adjusting for protein intake. Protein intake acted as a full mediator of the relationships of egg consumption with BMI (indirect effect [IE] = ?1.19; 95% CI [?3.33; ?0.36]), WC/height (IE = ?0.01; 95% CI [?0.04; ?0.01]) and body lean mass percentage (IE = 2.99; 95% CI [1.26; 5.73]) as a partial mediator of the relationship be-tween egg consumption and body fat mass percentage (IE = ?2.19; 95% CI [?4.92; ?0.46]).ConclusionsThe association between egg consumption and body composition is mediated by protein intake. This finding is important from a public health perspective, suggesting that higher egg consumption (≥5 eggs/week) may lead to a healthier body composition, especially due to higher protein intake.     

Assessment of Osstell? and Periotest? systems in measuring dental implant stability (in vitro study)

Objectives

The objectives of this in vitro study were to investigate the sensitivity and reliability of the Osstell™ systems (Resonance Frequency Analysis – RFA) compared to the Periotest® system in implant bone simulated conditions. Three conditions were simulated: (1) the direct fixture-bone contact and fibrous tissue fixture contact, (2) The different levels of horizontal bone loss, and (3) The hardening implant–bone interface.

Materials and methods

Forty-nine dental implant fixtures were placed in the center of acrylic cubes. In Part I seven fixtures were placed in direct contact with acrylic and another seven were placed in contact with polyvinyl siloxane impression material as soft interface. Part II: four sets of 0, 2, 4 and 6 mm horizontally exposed fixture samples were made (seven fixtures in each set). Part III: seven fixtures were placed in contact with a thin mix of autopolymerizing resin. The stability of these fixtures was measured using Osstell™ and Periotest® systems.

Results

The mean Periotest® value(PTV) and Osstell™ measurements showed a significant difference between the direct contact and soft interface (P < 0.001). These values also showed statistically significant difference between the different levels of horizontally exposed fixture groups (P < 0.001). The level of horizontal fixture exposure was strongly correlated with the PTVS (r = 0.967) and strongly negatively correlated with Implant Stability Quotient (r = −0.946). A strong correlation was found between the Osstell™ readings and the change in the stiffness of the autopolymerizing resin fixture interface group (r = 0.986).

Conclusions

Both Osstell™ and Periotest® systems proved to be sensitive in measuring dental implant stability in hard and in soft interfaces. Osstell™ also proved to be sensitive in detecting changes in the fixture interface stiffness. Osstell™ system proved to be more reliable compared to Periotest® system in measuring dental implant stability in hard and in soft interfaces.     

Spatial frequency processing conditions on intraoral computed radiography

Radiographic information on the imaging plate was read with a pixel size of 50 μm×50 μm and recorded with 100 μm×100 μm. Various frequency-enhanced images were produced by an unsharp masking process that can maximize the spatial frequency enhancement at 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, 2.00, and 4.00 cycles/mm. Using these images, the effect of frequency enhancement processing for the X-ray diagnosis of normal anatomical structures and simulated bone changes on intraoral computed radiography was investigated. The imaging conditions under which the most valuable radiographic images for diagnosis of normal anatomical structures were obtained was a frequency type that diminished the low level density area, a non-linear gradation and an enhancement rank of 4 at the spatial frequency of 2.00 cycles/mm. These iamges projected a higher image quality than conventional periapical films. In addition, the intraoral computed radiography had equivalent or better ability to detect fine-simulated bone changes compared to conventional periapical films. These findings suggest that the spatial frequency enhancement area needed to obtain images with significant diagnostic value, equivalent to or better than conventional periapical film images, is 2.00 cycles/mm in intraoral computed radiography, with maximal spatial resolution of 5.00 cycles/mm.     

Tooth brushing habits in uninstructed adults—frequency, technique, duration and force

Professional recommendations for individual oral hygiene mostly include tooth brushing at least twice daily for 2–3 min with gentle force using the Bass technique or modifications of it. This study evaluated whether habitual tooth brushing actually meets these standards. Uninstructed adults (n = 103; mean age 31 ± 6 years; 61 female, 42 male) with habitual manual tooth brushing were given a self-administered questionnaire about the frequency of brushing and a computer system recorded their brushing technique, duration and force. The majority (79.6%) of participants brushed twice daily. The mean brushing duration was 96.6 ± 36.0 s, the mean brushing force was 2.3 ± 0.7 N (max. 4.1 N), and no significant differences were found for quadrants. Most subjects (73.8%) brushed with circling, 8.7% with horizontal/scrubbing, 13.6% with horizontal/circling and 3.9% with vertical/sweeping movements. Modified Bass technique was not observed. When appropriate brushing habits were defined as brushing at least twice daily for 120 s with a brushing force of less than 3 N and with circling or vertical sweeping movements, only 25.2% of the participants fulfilled all criteria, emphasising the ongoing need for oral hygiene education.     

健康体检中高频超声对乳腺癌的早期诊断价值

目的探讨高频超声在乳腺防癌普查中的价值。方法使用8～13MHz高频探头对5610名健康体检的女性进行常规乳腺检查,可疑乳腺癌的病例施行超声引导自动活检。对检查阴性的1120名妇女进行2年随访。结果 12例可疑乳腺癌中,6例经穿刺活检诊断为乳腺癌;12例手术后,病理诊断为早期浸润型导管癌4例、浸润型导管癌1例、导管内乳头状癌2例、髓样癌1例、纤维腺瘤3例、导管内乳头状瘤1例。检出乳腺癌8例,占全部受检者的0.14％。结论使用高频超声对乳腺进行防癌普查,并对可疑病例在超声引导下活检,对乳腺癌的早期发现、早期诊断、早期治疗具有重要价值。