张宁教授“固本泻浊法”治疗肾病综合征经验浅谈

肾病综合征是儿童和成人常见的肾脏疾病之一，激素治疗常不能达到满意的效果，并会出现多种不良反应。张宁教授运用中医治疗肾病综合征经验丰富，认为肾病综合征病性虚实夹杂，脾肾亏虚为本，肝失疏泄、湿热内阻、瘀血停滞为标。标实的病理因素由本虚引起及加重。治以“固本泻浊法”，健脾益肾，兼以调肝养血、清热化湿、活血化瘀，提高了临床疗效，减少了不良反应。     

Do bisphosphonates reduce early micromotion and Periprosthetic bone loss in total knee arthroplasty? A review of the evidence

Early micromotion of implant components and periprosthetic bone loss in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty are thought to contribute to late aseptic loosening. In the pursuit of longer implant survival, the administration of bisphosphonates may be advocated as a means to buffer implants against microinstability and periprosthetic bone loss. A bibliographic search identified one metaanalysis and two randomised controlled trials dealing with this topic. Current evidence supports the hypothesis that the inhibiting effects of bisphosphonates on bone resorption reduce implant micromotion and periprosthetic bone loss at the one-year follow-up. Tested bisphosphonates include clodronate, pamidronate and alendronate. However, a decline in periprosthetic BMD is observed at the three-year follow-up following a sixmonth course of bisphosphonate administration. Length of follow-up in available studies is currently too short to determine whether bisphosphonates increase the longevity of implants. Furthermore, the optimal dose, modality and length of bisphosphonate administration have yet to be determined.     

多模式临床支持系统的研究进展

目的探讨多模式临床支持系统的研究进展。方法通过了解国际多模式临床支持系统发展和运作情况,并与传统的临床支持系统进行对比,探讨多模式临床支持系统的国际研究进展情况。结果在多模式临床支持系统概念、目的及特点认识的基础上,了解了多模式临床支持系统的国际进展情况。结论临床支持系统模式的发展和演变,为多学科协作诊治模式提供了新的临床辅助,加强了循证医学的临床实践和相应的提升体系,但临床支持系统项目在目前我国医院的应用还需要进一步探讨和研究。     

近年中医药治疗中风后遗症进展

中医药对中风后遗症治疗方法主要包括：①辨证分型治疗；②主方加减治疗，具体包括补气活血方、滋补肝肾方和健脾益气方；③虫类药治疗；④单味药治疗。但是，今后应把中医药、针灸、推拿等方法综合应用于临床，以便取得更好的疗效。同时应加强临床科研设计和实验研究，使中医药治疗中风后遗症更上一个层次。     

从医务人员的证据意识谈举证责任倒置

文章从剖宫产术后伴发腰腿痛病例分析入手，认为举证责任倒置就在我们诊疗工作中，就在我们协调医患关系的过程中。因此需要在临床实践中去感悟举证责任置的深刻含义，从而树立证据意识，做好证据的收集与保存工作，一旦发生诉讼有证为据，并由此提出了“医学证据学”的构想，而医学证据的特点有待进一步深入研究。     

Efficacy of diphenhydramine against cough in humans: a review

Aim To determine the efficacy of diphenhydramine against cough due to respiratory infection or irritation in patients/subjects without comorbidities. Method Two reviewers independently identified English language studies, searching on: clinical trials, randomized, diphenhydramine (OR dimenhydrinate), antitussive agents, cough (combine using AND). Sources were: Medline (1966–2005), Embase (1980–2005), Cochrane and references from retrieved articles. Two other reviewers, blinded to study origin selected studies, inclusion criteria being: diphenhydramine monotherapy against placebo, double-blinded, randomized, clinical trial, intention-to-treat, dropout information. The blinded reviewers evaluated the selected studies on a quality scale. Results Eleven articles were identified, 7 were rejected (4 not placebo controlled, 2 had no diphenhydramine, 1 not blinded), leaving 4 articles, that were included in the evaluation and scored 20, 21, 25 and 26 out of a maximum of 32. In these selected studies, a total of 162 people were examined, 65 on diphenhydramine, 63 on placebo and 34 in a crossover setting. There was a total of 13 dropouts. The crossover studies demonstrated significant effect; 27–56% reduction in 20 healthy volunteers and 21–26% reduction in 13 patients (originally 14, one outlier left out), whereas the active versus placebo studies did not. Conclusion In spite of the 60 years that the substance has been on the market, only few studies have properly evaluated the effect of diphenhydramine against cough. Presumptions about efficacy of diphenhydramine against cough in humans are not univocally substantiated in literature.     

77例慢性心力衰竭住院病例药物治疗分析

目的:评估循证医学心血管疾病成果是否普及到小城市医疗中心.方法:采用回顾性住院病例77例分析,按年度统计对比.结果:77例次慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者药物治疗仍以传统治疗为主,ACE抑制剂应用大幅度提高,β-受体阻滞剂应用极少,醛固酮拮抗剂未见应用.结论:循证医学成果已影响到小城市医疗中心,但推广范围及力度不够,β-受体阻滞剂是薄弱环节,靶剂量概念仍有待进一步提高.     

何首乌"补肝肾、益精血、强筋骨"功效相关的药理研究

目的:从现代药理学角度阐述何首乌"补肝肾、益精血、强筋骨"功效.方法:通过查阅中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、维普全文数据库(VIP)等,分析1989～2007年期间与何首乌功效与药理相关文献,归纳汇总何首乌的中药功效及现代药理学研究,探讨两者间的相关性.结果:[1]何首乌药理作用与其性味归经功效有相合之处.何首乌性温味苦涩,温能补肝,苦能补肾,收敛精气.与功效相关的药理作用主要有:"久服延年不老"与延缓衰老;"入血分,消痰毒"与调节血脂;"止心痛,益血气"与抗心肌缺血;"调气血,泻肝风"与抗动脉粥样硬化;"专入肾,益精髓"与提高学习记忆;"补肝肾,入肝肾脾经"与增强免疫等.[2]与何乌"乌须发"功效相关的药理研究有待于进一步深入.[3]生何首乌、制何首乌功效不同,药理研究应根据其功能主治加以辨别.结论:何首乌现代药理研究与其性味归经功效有一定的相吻之处,这为合理阐述何首乌的中药药性理论提供依据,并为何首乌进一步的药理研究与临床应用提供参考.