茶色素对高脂血症的疗效观察

目的探讨茶色素调节血脂紊乱的作用。方法治疗组：２４８例血脂紊乱者；对照组：５５例的血总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇正常，４１例的血清脂蛋白（ａ）＜３０ｍｇ／ｄｌ，二组均每次口服茶色素１２．５ｍｇ，每日３次。结果治疗一个月后，治疗组血清总胆固醇平均下降１２％（Ｐ＜０．０００１），甘油三脂下降２０％Ｐ＜０．０００１），高密度脂蛋白胆固醇上升２２％（Ｐ＜０．０００１）。对照组总胆固醇与甘油三酯亦明显下降（Ｐ值分别＜０．０１与０．０５），高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与脂蛋白（ａ）无变化，未见明显副作用。结论茶色素为调节血脂紊乱的较好药物，在心＊协作单位：北京阜外心血管医院、北京解放军总医院、北京医科大学第三医院、北京医科大学人民医院、上海市高血压病研究所、江西医学院心血管病研究所、江西医学院二附院心内科、江西萍乡市人民医院脑血管病的防治中可能起重要作用。     

音乐辅助阿格列汀对2型糖尿病患者糖脂代谢的影响研究

背景 音乐治疗作为新兴的治疗方法,在慢性疾病康复中的应用逐渐兴起,且日益得到重视。但音乐治疗对糖尿病康复的效果研究尚少见报道。 目的 观察音乐辅助阿格列汀对2型糖尿病患者糖脂代谢的影响。 方法 选取2019年10月至2021年2月在中国康复研究中心北京博爱医院内分泌科门诊就诊的口服药物血糖控制不佳的2型糖尿病患者65例。采用随机数字表法将患者分为A组（n=35）和B组（n=30）,两组患者均保持原有饮食、运动习惯。A组在原治疗（药物种类、剂量不变）基础上联用阿格列汀片治疗,B组在A组基础上给予音乐辅助治疗。两组患者均连续治疗12周。比较治疗前及治疗12周后两组患者空腹血糖（FPG）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、尿酸（UA）、餐后2 h血糖（2 hPG）、超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、游离脂肪酸（FFA）、胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）、β细胞功能分泌指数（HOMA-β）;观察患者治疗过程中不良反应发生情况。 结果 两组试验过程中因药物不良反应均剔除1例患者,A组、B组最终分别有34、29例患者完成试验。B组患者治疗12周后2 hPG低于A组（P<0.05）。治疗12周后两组患者FPG、HbA1c、2 hPG均低于组内治疗前,HOMA-β高于组内治疗前（P<0.05）;治疗12周后B组患者LDL-C、TC均低于组内治疗前（P<0.05）。两组均未发生低血糖事件。 结论 音乐辅助阿格列汀较无音乐辅助更能降低2型糖尿病患者的餐后血糖,改善血脂情况。需要强调的是,音乐治疗的效果一定是在饮食控制、适当运动、合理用药的基础上。     

绝经后女性内源性性激素及血脂水平与乳腺癌的关系

目的:探讨绝经后女性内源性性激素及血脂水平与乳腺癌的关系以及作为预测指标的可行性。方法:收集2011年7月—2014年6月期间手术治疗的绝经后女性乳腺癌患者274例(乳腺癌组)与同期因其他疾病收治的非乳腺疾病的绝经后患者279例(对照组);比较两组间性激素与血脂水平的差异,分析可能的乳腺癌预测指标。结果:乳腺癌组的雌二醇(E2)与睾酮(T)水平明显高于对照组(均P0.05),其他性激素与血脂指标两组间差异均无统计学意义(均P0.05)。分层分析显示,随E2与T水平升高,乳腺癌发病率增加,其中E2水平对乳腺癌的预测有较好的敏感性和特异性,受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线下面积(AUC)为0.730(95%CI=0.649~0.811),但T水平的预测作用不明显。结论:E2与T水平与绝经后女性乳腺癌有关,其中E2水平可作为预测因子之一,但尚未达到良好或者优秀标准。     

慢性胆囊炎患者血清瘦素及可溶性瘦素受体与血脂水平的变化及关系

目的:探讨慢性胆囊炎患者血清瘦素(Lep)、可溶性瘦素受体(s LR)与血脂水平的变化及其相互关系。方法:选择103例慢性胆囊炎患者,以91例健康体检者为对照,测定所有受试者空腹血清Lep、s LR、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL),分析慢性胆囊炎患者血清Lep、s LR水平与血脂水平的关系。结果:与对照组比较,慢性胆囊炎组患者血清TC、LDL和Lep水平均明显升高,而s LR水平明显降低(均P0.05)。单因素分析显示,Lep水平与TC、TG和HDL水平呈明显正相关(均P0.05),而s LR水平与各血脂指标无明显相关性(均P0.05);多元回归分析显示,Lep水平与TC水平呈明显正相关(P0.05)。结论:慢性胆囊炎患者血清Lep明显升高、s LR水平降低以及血脂代谢紊乱,其中,Lep升高所致胆固醇代谢障碍可能是主要原因。     

Perfil lipídico em pacientes adultos com artrite idiopática juvenil

The inflammatory processes in the joints of a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) can persist into adulthood. Inflammation has been linked to distortions of the lipid profile and accelerated atherogenesis. In the present study, we examined the lipid profiles of adults with JIA compared with those of healthy people. A lipid profile of a sample of 54 adults with JIA (57.3% with polyarticular JIA, 37.0% with oligoarticular JIA, 1.9% with enthesitis-related JIA and 3.7% with systemic onset JIA) and 54 healthy subjects were compared. In the adults with JIA, data on gender, age, age at disease onset, the presence of rheumatoid factor (RF) and antinuclear antibodies (ANA), a Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and the disease duration were collected. We found that hypercholesterolaemia, increased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were more common in patients with JIA than the controls (P = 0.016, P < 0.0001 and P = 0.0008, respectively). Changes in the levels of total cholesterol (TC) and LDL were more common in the individuals who had a later onset of disease (P = 0.0017 for TC and P = 0.023 for LDL). In the entire JIA group, no other variable, such as RF, ANA, disease duration or responses to the HAQ, could be linked to dyslipidaemia (P = non-significant). We concluded that the adult patients with JIA have a lipid profile with increased TC and LDL levels and decreased levels of HDL compared to the controls. No clinical feature could be correlated with this change except for the age at disease onset.     

生酮饮食对难治性癫痫患儿脂类代谢水平的影响

目的 研究生酮饮食（KD）对难治性癫痫患儿脂类代谢的影响，并通过血脂的变化评估经KD治疗的患儿发生动脉粥样硬化的风险。方法 收集2013~2017年行KD治疗的47例难治性癫痫患儿的临床资料，检测患儿治疗前及治疗3个月后的血脂水平，包括甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）和低密度脂蛋白（LDL）；计算LDL/HDL比值、动脉硬化指数（AI）、血浆致动脉硬化指数（AIP）和血脂综合指数（LCI），来评估动脉粥样硬化的风险。结果 KD治疗3个月后，患儿TG、TC水平较治疗前轻度升高，HDL水平较治疗前略有下降，但差异均无统计学意义（P > 0.05）；患儿LDL水平在KD治疗3个月后明显高于治疗前（P < 0.05）。KD治疗3个月后，患儿LDL/HDL比值、AI、AIP和LCI数值与治疗前相比均有上升，但仅LDL/HDL比值在患儿治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。结论 KD治疗会引起LDL水平升高，动脉粥样硬化指标LDL/HDL比值升高，提示KD治疗可能会增加动脉粥样硬化发生风险。     

Overweight and obese youth with type 1 or type 2 diabetes share similar elevation in triglycerides during middle and late adolescence

BackgroundOverweight and obesity have been observed in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D). This further increases their future risk of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) as well as the development of other risk factors, such as dyslipidemia.AimsTo compare lipid profiles in children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes and lean mass (T1L), Type 1 diabetes and overweight or obese (T1OW/OB), and type 2 diabetes (T2D).MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study of 669 patients with T1D or T2D aged 2–19 years using retrospective data collected from 2003 to 2014. Included patients were categorized into lean (BMI < 85th ile and overweight or Obese (BMI ≥ 85th ile). Patients were subcategorized into three age groups: < 10 years, 10–14 years, and 15–19 years.Results7.6% of patients had T2D. Of the patients with T1D, 58.9% were lean, 26.4% were overweight, and 14.7% were obese. Total Cholesterol (TC), Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and Non-HDL-C levels were similar across groups. In the 15–19 years group, Triglycerides (TG) levels were significantly higher in T1OW/OB and similar to T2D. High-density lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly lower in T2D. Weight status significantly correlated with TG and HDL-C levels in T1D and T2D groups.ConclusionsT1OW/OB constitutes a significant proportion of the T1D population. Patients with obesity and T1D, especially if in their late adolescence, have an adverse lipid profile pattern that is comparable to adolescents with T2D. Based on these findings, risk for future CVD in T1OW/OB and T2D may be equivalent.     

非传统脂质指标与缺血性卒中

缺血性卒中预防和治疗的个性化管理依然是神经病学领域的重中之重。文章旨在阐述非传统脂质谱与传统脂质在急性缺血性卒中发病以及复发中的作用,以期为卒中预防、风险分级和高危人群筛查提供全新指标,并试图探讨非传统脂质指标的潜在预测价值。