多功能套针浮刺疗法治疗神经根型颈椎病——一项随机对照观察研究＊

目的 评价多功能套针浮刺疗法对神经根型颈椎病的临床疗效。方法 选取256例神经根型颈椎病患者，按随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组各128例。观察组应用多功能套针浮刺疗法进行干预，对照组为常规针刺治疗。两组患者均治疗7天。分别于治疗前后观察两组患者的简化McGill疼痛问卷（SF-MPQ）、国际标准颈椎功能障碍指数（NDI）和田中靖久颈椎病症状20分法量表评分，并于治疗结束后3个月观察复发率。结果 两组患者治疗后的SF-MPQ量表评分、NDI量表评分及田中靖久颈椎病症状20分法评分与治疗前相比均有改善（P<0.05），且观察组优于对照组（P<0.05）；两组患者于治疗后3个月随访，SF-MPQ量表评分与治疗后相比均有改善，且观察组优于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组临床疗效总有效率为96.88%，愈显率为81.25%；对照组总有效率为78.13%，愈显率为46.88%，观察组优于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 应用多功能套针浮刺疗法治疗神经根型颈椎病临床疗效显著，见效较快，可有效降低其复发率，且作用稳定，效果持久，值得临床推广应用。     

Filiform needle acupuncture for allergic rhinitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundFiliform needle acupuncture (FNA), the most classical and widely applied acupuncture method based on traditional Chinese medicine theory, has shown a promising effect in the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR).ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy, safety, cost-effectiveness, and patient preference of FNA in the treatment of AR by comparing FNA with sham acupuncture, no treatment, and conventional medication.Search strategyEight electronic databases were systematically searched from inception to October 14, 2021. Additional studies were acquired from clinical trial registration platforms and reference lists.Inclusion criteriaRandomized controlled trials were included if they compared FNA with either sham acupuncture, no treatment or conventional medication for AR.Data extraction and analysisTwo researchers extracted data independently of each other using a predesigned data acquisition form, and results were cross-checked after completion. The primary outcome was symptom score (Total Nasal Symptom Score or Visual Analogue Scale), and the secondary outcomes were the AR control questionnaire, quality of life (QoL) score (Different versions of Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire), medication score (use of rescue medication), mental health score, total IgE, adverse event rate, clinical economic indicators, and patient satisfaction score. Standardized mean difference (SMD) or mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval was used to calculate the effect size for continuous data, while risk ratio with 95% CI was used for dichotomous data.ResultsThirty studies were included in this review. Compared with sham acupuncture, FNA significantly reduced the symptom score (SMD: ?0.29 [?0.43, ?0.15]), AR’s impact on QoL (SMD: ?0.23 [?0.37, ?0.08]) and medication score (SMD: ?0.3 [?0.49, ?0.11]). Compared with no treatment, FNA dramatically reduced the symptom score (SMD: ?0.8 [?1.2, ?0.39]) and AR’s impact on QoL (SMD: ?0.82 [?1.13, ?0.52]). There were no increased rates of adverse events with FNA compared to sham acupuncture and no treatment. FNA increased patient satisfaction and may be cost-effective. Most pieces of evidence from the above two comparisons were of high confidence. Moreover, FNA significantly outperformed conventional medication in reducing the symptom score (SMD: ?0.48 [?0.85, ?0.1]) and displayed a lower rate of adverse events, but the quality of evidence was very low.ConclusionFNA is an effective and safe intervention for AR and can help with symptom relief, QoL improvement, reducing medication usage, and increasing patient satisfaction. Further studies are needed to verify its cost-effectiveness and superiority over conventional medication and the best therapeutic strategies.     

A new analytical cut-off point for determining 18 years of age using MRI on medial clavicular epiphysis

Evaluation of the ossification of the medial clavicular epiphysis plays a key role in forensic age estimation. The purpose of the present study was to assess a new numerical cut-off at the age of 18 years, taking into consideration Magnetic Resonance (MR) images of the medial clavicular epiphysis. We analyzed 163 MR scans of Italian subjects aged between 14 and 25 years. Using the data obtained we calculated two ratios: REM-1 (ratio between the length of the whole epiphysis and the length of the metaphysis) and REM-2 (ratio between the length of epiphyseal-metaphyseal fusion and the length of the metaphysis). In 68 out of 163 cases it was not possible to measure REM-2. The reproducibility was demonstrated using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) (Cronbach’s alpha > 0.80). REM-1 and REM-2 were compared in each category of age (adult and minor) by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The cut-off points for measurements of REM-1 and REM-2 were determined by logistic regression. For REM-1, the cut-off scores were 0.83 for all individuals (accuracy = 94.77%) and males (accuracy = 96.05%), and 0.86 for females (accuracy = 92.30%). For REM-2, the cut-off values were 0.40 for all individuals and males (accuracy = 100.00%), and 0.41 for females (accuracy = 100.00%). Finally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for age classification based on REM-1 and REM-2 were constructed, showing that REM-2 had the highest discriminative power. Thus, a new cut-off model for predicting the age of majority has been introduced, conducting a quantitative analysis thanks to the use of a high-resolution imaging tool.     

中医疗法结合3D打印技术治疗中重度肘管综合征

目的:观察应用3D打印技术指导下的尺神经沟扩大成形术结合尺神经原位松解,术后给予针刺促进神经康复来治疗中重度肘管综合征的临床疗效。方法:自2016年4月—2019年3月,对40例由于肘关节退行性病变引起的尺神经沟骨赘生成造成尺神经卡压的中重度肘管综合征患者,根据其术前肘关节CT平扫三维重建应用3D打印技术打印肘关节模型,根据我院骨科人员提出的"肘管指数"概念,经电脑辅助计算尺神经沟正常尺寸并制作个性化的磨骨"试模",术中原位松解尺神经沟后,将尺神经牵至后方保护,切开关节囊,根据磨骨"试模"大小应用磨钻打磨扩大加深尺神经沟,尺神经松解后重新还纳入扩大的肘管内,重建弓状韧带缝回,术后在常规预防感染,营养神经治疗的同时,应用针刺的方法进行治疗,取穴以尺神经走行手太阳小肠经穴位为主,10天为1个疗程,针刺3个疗程,每疗程结束后休息3天。结果:40例患者术后伤口均一期愈合,未见血肿形成,其中1例患者因恐惧针刺而中途放弃针灸治疗。所有患者术后得到随访,随访时间12～18个月,平均13.6个月。将术后12个月与术前的运动感觉传导速度、两点辨别觉、握力、侧方捏力(占对侧百分比)进行比较,均有明显提高,有统计学差异(P0.05)。根据中华医学会手外科分会上肢部分功能评定试用标准评价手部功能:优28例,良10例,可1例,差1例,优良率95%。结论:应用3D打印技术指导下的肘管扩大成形术+尺神经原位松解,术后结合中医针灸治疗中重度肘管综合征,有一定的临床疗效。     

扶正法治疗精神疾病的心悟

慎察精神疾病患者之症象,准确辨证,若系正气虚匮或不足,予相应之扶正方药、针灸等主治或辅治之,收效颇佳。反之,审证不清,“实而误补,固必增邪”(《顾氏医镜》)。同时,宜鼓励患者多做活动锻炼,增强体质,提高正气,亦可谓一种较好的扶正辅助疗法。     

双针刺疗法联合米索前列醇在118例孕足月产妇催产中的应用及对产妇宫颈成熟的影响＊

目的 研究118例孕足月产妇催产中采用双针刺疗法联合米索前列醇的效果对其宫颈成熟的影响。方法 选取2019年6月-2020年6月在我院就诊的足月催产患者118例，按照随机数字分配法分为米索前列醇治疗组和联合治疗组，各59例。米索前列醇治疗组给予米索前列醇片进行治疗，联合治疗组在米索前列醇治疗组的基础上给予双针刺疗法针刺双侧合谷、三阴交穴位。统计两组患者宫颈成熟、子宫活动力、宫口扩张速度、出血量、产程、分娩方式、新生儿情况及催产效率。结果 联合治疗组宫颈口扩张、宫颈管消退、先露位置、宫颈硬度、宫口位置指标均大于米索前列醇治疗组，有统计学差异（P < 0.05）。联合治疗组子宫活动力、宫口扩张速度均大于米索前列醇治疗组，产时出血量、产后2 h出血量均低于米索前列醇治疗组，有统计学差异（P < 0.05）。联合治疗组第一产程、第二产程、第三产程、总产程均小于米索前列醇治疗组，有统计学差异（P < 0.05）。联合治疗组阴道分娩患者例数多于米索前列醇治疗组，剖宫产患者例数少于米索前列醇治疗组，有统计学差异（P < 0.05）。联合治疗组催产效率高于米索前列醇治疗组，有统计学差异（P < 0.05）。结论 双针刺疗法联合米索前列醇在足月产妇催产中应用能促进患者宫颈成熟，减少产后出血量，缩短产程，促进阴道分娩，催产效率高。     

基于网络药理学研究黄连解毒汤抗幽门螺杆菌感染作用机制

目的运用网络药理学方法预测黄连解毒汤抗Hp感染的主要有效成分、靶点及信号通路,挖掘其潜在作用机制,为后续实验研究提供依据。方法应用TCMSP筛选黄连解毒汤中黄连、黄芩、黄柏、栀子4味中药的主要有效成分及其潜在作用靶点。通过GeneCards数据库和人类孟德尔遗传数据库(OMIM)筛选Hp感染相关靶点,并取药物和疾病的交集靶点。将交集靶点导入Cytoscape 3.7.2构建有效成分和Hp感染相关靶点网络,并进行拓扑学分析。应用STRING在线分析平台构建靶蛋白相互作用(PPI)网络并进行分析。运用R语言在线检索Bioconductor平台对靶点进行GO功能富集;通过DAVID数据库对靶点进行KEGG通路富集分析。结果黄连解毒汤中共筛选出85个有效成分,主要包括槲皮素、小檗碱、山柰酚、汉黄芩素、黄芩素等。对应靶点112个,疾病相关靶点1960个,药物疾病共同靶点71个。网络中度值最高的有效成分为槲皮素,度值最高的靶点为环加氧酶1(PTGS1)。PPI网络中69个节点中度值较高的靶蛋白包括半胱氨酸蛋白酶3(CASP3)、IL6、MAPK8、原癌基因(MYC)、VEGFA、表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)等。GO功能富集分析共获得89个条目,KEGG通路富集分析共筛选12条存在显著差异的信号通路,其中发挥主要作用的有癌症通路、ErbB信号通路、p53信号通路、凋亡、黏附斑等。结论黄连解毒汤可通过多成分、多靶点、多通路发挥对Hp的治疗作用,可通过抗肿瘤机制调控胃癌进程,本研究可为其有效成分研究和抗Hp机制研究提供依据。     

针刺治疗绝经后骨质疏松症有效性及安全性的系统评价和Meta分析

目的评价针刺治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的有效性及安全性。方法电子检索中文和英文数据库共6个,检索日期截至2017年11月,根据Cochrane Hand book 5.3评价标准和工具评价纳入研究的质量,并用Revman 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入10篇文献,包括710例患者,试验组354例,对照组356例。Meta分析显示:①针刺vs常规治疗[RR=1.36,95%CI(1.18,1.57),Z=4.34,P0.0001]、针刺+常规治疗vs常规治疗[RR=1.31,95%CI(1.14,1.50),Z=3.77,P=0.0002],在提高临床有效率上均优于对照组;②针刺vs常规治疗[MD=-2.36,95%CI(-4.20,-0.53),Z=2.53,P=0.01]、针刺+常规治疗vs常规治疗[MD=-1.61,95%CI(-2.06,-1.16),Z=7.01,P0.00001],在改善疼痛评分上均优于对照组。结论与单用常规治疗相比,针刺或针刺联合常规治疗在提高临床治疗有效率、改善疼痛方面疗效更优,适于临床采纳应用。但考虑到纳入文献的局限性,在今后的研究中需要更多高质量、大样本、多中心、方法学设计严谨的随机对照试验,进一步佐证并提升针刺治疗绝经后骨质疏松症有效性和安全性证据强度。     

贺氏火针治疗下肢浅静脉曲张的临证体会

下肢浅静脉曲张多为大隐静脉及其属支病变，属于中医"筋瘤"范畴。贺氏火针治疗下肢浅静脉曲张疗效确切，能显著提高患者生活质量。文章认为足厥阴肝经的循行路线和大隐静脉的走向大体一致，虚、寒、湿相互作用则导致肝经"气滞"，从而引起筋脉（大隐静脉）瘀阻不通。临证时发现贺氏火针治疗下肢浅静脉曲张是通过温热刺激、刺络放血、火针针具及针刺深度4个方面共同达到行气散结、益阳补虚、温经散寒、启脉排瘀的目的，但使用不同规格的贺氏火针针具和针刺深度不同，对本病的疗效有一定程度的影响。     

针灸联合西药对中重度间歇性过敏性鼻炎患者T淋巴细胞亚群、IL-4、IL-10、VACM-1水平的影响

目的观察针灸联合西药对中重度间歇性过敏性鼻炎患者血清T淋巴细胞亚群、炎性因子及血管细胞黏附分子-1(VACM-1)的影响。方法将120例中重度间歇性过敏性鼻炎患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组60例。对照组予丙酸氟替卡松鼻喷雾剂、盐酸氮卓斯汀片治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗措施的基础上加用针灸疗法。两组疗程均为28天,观察临床疗效,比较中医证候积分、血清T淋巴细胞亚群、炎性因子[白介素-4(IL-4)、白介素-10(IL-10)]及VACM-1水平的变化情况。结果①治疗组、对照组总有效率分别为95.0%、81.7%,治疗组临床疗效优于对照组(P0.05)。②治疗前与疗程结束后7天组内比较,两组中医证候(鼻塞不通、鼻痒难耐、鼻流清涕、喷嚏频作)较治疗前改善(P0.05);组间疗程结束后7天比较,治疗组中医证候改善情况优于对照组(P0.05)。③治疗前与疗程结束后7天组内比较,两组血清CD3~+、CD4~+水平和CD4~+/CD8~+较治疗前升高(P0.05),血清CD8~+、IL-4、IL-10、VCAM-1水平较治疗前降低(P0.05);组间疗程结束后7天比较,上述指标差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论针灸联合西医治疗中重度间歇性过敏性鼻炎疗效满意,可有效缓解患者的临床症状,改善机体免疫状态,减轻炎症反应。