首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   58151篇
  免费   4145篇
  国内免费   1096篇
耳鼻咽喉   394篇
儿科学   1253篇
妇产科学   1062篇
基础医学   2518篇
口腔科学   797篇
临床医学   10986篇
内科学   8247篇
皮肤病学   442篇
神经病学   1693篇
特种医学   812篇
外国民族医学   1篇
外科学   5217篇
综合类   9111篇
现状与发展   3篇
一般理论   5篇
预防医学   13348篇
眼科学   542篇
药学   4109篇
  126篇
中国医学   1582篇
肿瘤学   1144篇
  2024年   168篇
  2023年   1220篇
  2022年   2440篇
  2021年   3134篇
  2020年   3498篇
  2019年   2452篇
  2018年   2232篇
  2017年   2174篇
  2016年   2241篇
  2015年   2233篇
  2014年   4961篇
  2013年   4730篇
  2012年   4023篇
  2011年   4143篇
  2010年   3442篇
  2009年   2881篇
  2008年   2838篇
  2007年   2473篇
  2006年   2175篇
  2005年   1723篇
  2004年   1451篇
  2003年   1227篇
  2002年   864篇
  2001年   683篇
  2000年   528篇
  1999年   421篇
  1998年   379篇
  1997年   329篇
  1996年   252篇
  1995年   186篇
  1994年   178篇
  1993年   146篇
  1992年   106篇
  1991年   116篇
  1990年   71篇
  1989年   59篇
  1988年   54篇
  1987年   59篇
  1986年   45篇
  1985年   131篇
  1984年   148篇
  1983年   98篇
  1982年   103篇
  1981年   109篇
  1980年   100篇
  1979年   78篇
  1978年   54篇
  1977年   41篇
  1976年   39篇
  1973年   33篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
《Clinical neurophysiology》2021,132(10):2357-2364
ObjectivesTo investigate the subcortical somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) to electrical stimulation of either muscle or cutaneous afferents.MethodsSEPs were recorded in 6 patients suffering from Parkinson’s disease (PD) who underwent electrode implantation in the pedunculopontine (PPTg) nucleus area. We compared SEPs recorded from the scalp and from the intracranial electrode contacts to electrical stimuli applied to: 1) median nerve at the wrist, 2) abductor pollicis brevis motor point, and 3) distal phalanx of the thumb. Also the high-frequency oscillations (HFOs) were analysed.ResultsAfter median nerve and pure cutaneous (distant phalanx of the thumb) stimulation, a P1-N1 complex was recorded by the intracranial lead, while the scalp electrodes recorded the short-latency far-field responses (P14 and N18). On the contrary, motor point stimulation did not evoke any low-frequency component in the PPTg traces, nor the N18 potential on the scalp. HFOs were recorded to stimulation of all modalities by the PPTg electrode contacts.ConclusionsStimulus processing within the cuneate nucleus depends on modality, since only the cutaneous input activates the complex intranuclear network possibly generating the scalp N18 potential.SignificanceOur results shed light on the subcortical processing of the somatosensory input of different modalities.  相似文献   
2.
Background/PurposeA small number of Hirschsprung disease (HD) patients develop inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-like symptoms after pullthrough surgery. The etiology and pathophysiology of Hirschsprung-associated IBD (HD-IBD) remains unknown. This study aims to further characterize HD-IBD, to identify potential risk factors and to evaluate response to treatment in a large group of patients.MethodsRetrospective study of patients diagnosed with IBD after pullthrough surgery between 2000 and 2021 at 17 institutions. Data regarding clinical presentation and course of HD and IBD were reviewed. Effectiveness of medical therapy for IBD was recorded using a Likert scale.ResultsThere were 55 patients (78% male). 50% (n = 28) had long segment disease. Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) was reported in 68% (n = 36). Ten patients (18%) had Trisomy 21. IBD was diagnosed after age 5 in 63% (n = 34). IBD presentation consisted of colonic or small bowel inflammation resembling IBD in 69% (n = 38), unexplained or persistent fistula in 18% (n = 10) and unexplained HAEC >5 years old or unresponsive to standard treatment in 13% (n = 7). Biological agents were the most effective (80%) medications. A third of patients required a surgical procedure for IBD.ConclusionMore than half of the patients were diagnosed with HD-IBD after 5 years old. Long segment disease, HAEC after pull through operation and trisomy 21 may represent risk factors for this condition. Investigation for possible IBD should be considered in children with unexplained fistulae, HAEC beyond the age of 5 or unresponsive to standard therapy, and symptoms suggestive of IBD. Biological agents were the most effective medical treatment.Level of EvidenceLevel 4  相似文献   
3.
4.
孙阳 《中国卫生产业》2020,(8):111-112,115
目的分析脑出血围手术期护理安全中细节管理的重要性。方法将于2018年6-10月在该院接受治疗的60例脑出血围术期患者作为该研究的常规组。将于2018年11月-2019年3月在该院接受治疗的60例脑出血围术期患者作为该研究的细节组。该院于2018年11月开始实施细节管理,以加强保障脑出血围术期患者的安全。对比两组患者的护理满意度、手术失败率、死亡率、住院时间及日常生活能力。结果细节组护理满意度明显高于常规组(P<0.05)。常规组的手术失败率、死亡率为均高于细节组,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);细节组的住院时间明显短于常规组(P<0.05),ADL评分明显大于常规组(P<0.05)。结论细节管理在脑出血围手术期护理安全中具有相当重要性,可提升护理满意度,加快恢复速度,提升恢复效果。  相似文献   
5.
《The ocular surface》2020,18(1):108-113
PurposeAromatase inhibitors (AIs) limit the synthesis of oestrogen in peripheral tissues thus lowering levels of oestrogen. The primary aim was to evaluate whether women treated with AIs have altered dry eye symptoms and signs. A sub-aim was to investigate whether symptoms of dry eye in postmenopausal women were associated with symptoms of non-eye pain, ocular pain and self-rated pain perception.MethodsThis cross-sectional, observational, single visit study recruited 56 postmenopausal women (mean age 64.1 + 7.9 years) and 52 undergoing AI treatment (mean age 66.6 + 9.0). Ocular symptoms (OSDI, MGD14) and pain questionnaires (PSQ, OPAS) were administered and signs of dry eye and meibomian gland dysfunction were evaluated.ResultsAlmost half of each group reported dry eye symptoms, defined as OSDI>12 (48% control, 46% AI). The PSQ score was significantly higher in the AI group (p = 0.04). Neither frequency or severity of dry eye (or MGD) symptoms scores were significantly different between groups. In the AI group, meibomian gland expressibility score was worse (p = 0.003); there were no differences in any other signs. Higher OSDI scores were associated with higher OPAS eye-pain scores (r = 0.49, p < 0.001), but not OPAS non-eye pain (r = 0.09, p = 0.35). Pain perception (PSQ) showed a moderate positive association with OPAS eye-pain (r = 0.30, p = 0.003).ConclusionsIn this study elevated ocular symptoms were observed in both the AI treated and the untreated groups, with no difference between the groups. Women undergoing AI treatment for early stage breast cancer had worse meibum expressibility score and increased pain perception compared to an untreated group of women.  相似文献   
6.
目的分析护士分层级管理的实施对急性肝炎患者护理满意度的影响。方法该院自2018年3月起实施护士分层级管理,以该院10名肝病科护理人员为研究对象,其中2017年3月—2018年2月实施前(对照组)及2018年3月—2019年2月实施后(研究组)的管理效果。结果与对照组比较,研究组患者的病房管理、患者护理、文书书写、基础护理、入院宣教方面的护理质量评分均明显升高(P<0.05);与对照组82.29%的护理总满意率比较,研究组护理总满意率显著升高,达到了97.92%(P<0.05);与对照组工作自我满意度比较,研究组患者的自我价值体现等方面的工作自我满意度评分均明显升高(P<0.05)。结论护士分层级管理策略的实施,有效提高了急性肝炎患者护理满意度,提升了科室护理质量。  相似文献   
7.
目的观察比较不同脉冲波形的低频率电刺激对海马电点燃癫痫模型小鼠的作用差异。方法采用电点燃刺激法建立小鼠癫痫模型, 观察正弦波、单相方波、双相方波低频率电刺激对模型小鼠癫痫行为发作及后放电持续时间的影响, 并比较不同时间点给予正弦波低频率电刺激的抗癫痫作用。结果与对照组比较, 正弦波低频率电刺激30 s能降低小鼠海马电点燃癫痫发作等级(2.85 ± 0.27 vs 4.75 ±0.12, P < 0.05)、减少大发作概率(53.6% vs 96.5%, P < 0.01) 和缩短后放电持续时间[(16.22 ± 1.69) s vs (30.29 ± 1.12) s, P < 0.01], 而单相方波和双相方波低频率电刺激30 s没有明显的抗癫痫作用。常用的单相方波低频率电刺激15 min能降低小鼠海马电点燃发作等级(3.58 ± 0.16, P < 0.05)、减少大发作概率(66.7%, P < 0.01);但对海马后放电持续时间及大发作持续时间无影响(均 P>0.05)。此外, 电点燃刺激前预先给予或结束后3 s内给予正弦波低频率电刺激具有明显的抗癫痫作用( P < 0.05或 P < 0.01), 而电点燃刺激结束10 s给予正弦波低频率电刺激则无上述抗癫痫作用。 结论低频率电刺激抗癫痫作用受波形参数的影响, 其中正弦波低频率电刺激能有效抑制小鼠海马电点燃癫痫的发作。  相似文献   
8.
Phenomenon: The central role of clinical leadership in achieving the vision of quality and productivity could be attained by investing in its development in postgraduate medical education. Approach: A critical review of selected literature is presented. Findings: The author identifies some of the main theoretical constructs related to leadership; the pedagogical underpinning of medical leadership programs; their learning objectives; and the mixture of methods, individual and collective, to achieve them. Insights: How to best develop leadership through medical education remains an open debate. Experiential learning, reflective practice, action learning, and mentoring could provide the foundations of leadership development. Application of the aforementioned should be cautious due to limitations of the concept of leadership as currently promoted and lack of robust evaluation methodologies.  相似文献   
9.
BackgroundCoronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) improves survival in patients with heart failure and severely reduced left ventricular systolic function (LVEF). Limited data exist regarding adverse cardiovascular event rates after CABG in patients with heart failure with midrange ejection fraction (HFmrEF; LVEF > 40% and < 55%).MethodsWe analyzed data on isolated CABG patients from the Veterans Affairs national database (2010-2019). We stratified patients into control (normal LVEF and no heart failure), HFmrEF, and heart failure with reduced LVEF (HFrEF) groups. We compared all-cause mortality and heart failure hospitalization rates between groups with a Cox model and recurrent events analysis, respectively.ResultsIn 6533 veterans, HFmrEF and HFrEF was present in 1715 (26.3%) and 566 (8.6%) respectively; the control group had 4252 (65.1%) patients. HFrEF patients were more likely to have diabetes mellitus (59%), insulin therapy (36%), and previous myocardial infarction (31%). Anemia was more prevalent in patients with HFrEF (49%) as was a lower serum albumin (mean, 3.6 mg/dL). Compared with the control group, a higher risk of death was observed in the HFmrEF (hazard ratio [HR], 1.3 [1.2-1.5)] and HFrEF (HR, 1.5 [1.2-1.7]) groups. HFmrEF patients had the higher risk of myocardial infarction (subdistribution HR, 1.2 [1-1.6]; P = .04). Risk of heart failure hospitalization was higher in patients with HFmrEF (HR, 4.1 [3.5-4.7]) and patients with HFrEF (HR, 7.2 [6.2-8.5]).ConclusionsHeart failure with midrange ejection fraction negatively affects survival after CABG. These patients also experience higher rates myocardial infarction and heart failure hospitalization.  相似文献   
10.
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号