腰椎终板、椎间盘退变及椎间盘造影疼痛激发试验的相关性研究

目的探讨下腰痛患者腰椎终板Modic退变、椎间盘退变及CT引导下腰椎间盘造影疼痛激发试验的相关性.方法对45例下腰痛患者常规行腰椎X线和MR检查,分别按Modic终板退变标准（0～3级）与Pearce椎间盘退变标准（Ⅰ～Ⅴ级）对终板和椎间盘进行评估.在CT引导下对45例患者中的40例（120个椎间盘）进行造影和疼痛激发试验,并按Dallas椎间盘造影分级系统（DDD）测评椎间盘退变程度.采用SPSS 11.5统计学软件分析腰椎终板Modic退变、椎间盘退变与腰椎间盘造影疼痛激发试验之间的相关性.结果40例下腰痛患者的腰椎终板Modic分级与椎间盘退变Pearce分级存在较强的相关性（Pearson x^2=43.326,P=0.000）,与椎间盘造影疼痛激发试验有显著相关性（Pearson x^2=27.858,P=0.000）;椎间盘退变Pearce分级与CT椎间盘造影椎间盘退变Dallas分级也呈较强的相关性.结论腰椎终板Modic退变分级与椎间盘退变Pearce分级密切相关,而与椎间盘疼痛激发试验有显著相关性,提示终板Modic退变可能是下腰痛的原因之一.     

Delayed pain response after lumbar discography

Summary The delayed onset of symptomatic pain following lumbar discography (with no immediate pain response) is described in six patients, five with a minimum 2-year follow-up. It is usually seen in patients with nearly normal disc morphology who have incomplete or discrete annular tears that are not filled at the time of injection. Later (2–12 h in this study), dye leakage occurs through these lesions, thereby precipitating the discogenic pain This phenomenon may be missed and is probably more common than previously believed due to early discharge from the hospital, the patient expecting discomfort after the invasive study (hence no complaint is made), and the clinician being unaware of this delayed symptom, thereby not asking about it in follow-up. Close patient questioning regarding a delayed onset of symptomatic pain after discography is, therefore, an essential element in diagnostic information following this study.     

经皮腰间盘切割术中髓核造影的X线分析

20例腰椎间盘脱出的患者在行经皮腰椎间盘切割术(PLD)前进行了髓核造影。28个髓核造影有三种表现:蕈伞征占28.6%,团块征占39.3%,纤维环破裂征占32.1％。髓核造影能直接显示髓核的变化,椎间盘脱出的方向和程度,以及纤维环破裂的直接征象.因此我们认为当X线检查与临床体征部位不一致时,行PLD前作髓核造影可起到进一步确诊的作用。     

椎间盘造影亚甲蓝盘内注射治疗椎间盘源性腰痛的疗效分析与探讨

目的:探讨椎间盘源性腰痛的特点以及造影亚甲兰盘内注射治疗椎间盘源性腰痛的效果,为其诊断治疗提供参考。方法:2006年～2007年我科对15例经保守治疗无效,考虑为椎间盘源性腰痛的患者进行椎间盘造影亚甲兰盘内注射,观察造影剂的形态和疼痛的复制性,并对术前、术后和术后三月患者疼痛的VAS评分进行疗效评估。结果:15例患者共行28个椎间盘穿刺,其中造影剂外漏16节段,诱发复制痛13个节段,13例患者术后疼痛即刻缓解,2例无效,vas评分由术前平均8.2分降至术后1.4分和术后三月的2.2分,改善率分别为83.5%和74%,有效率分别达到86.7%和73.3%。结论:椎间盘造影是诊断腰椎间盘源性腰痛的可靠方法,亚甲兰盘内注射可有效的缓解症状,为临床治疗该病提供了新的方法和思路。     

CT椎间盘造影对腰椎间盘内破裂的诊断价值

目的探讨CT腰椎间盘造影术(CTD)对腰椎间盘内破裂(IDD)的诊断价值。方法对CT或MRI检查无腰椎间盘突出征象的32例慢性下腰痛患者的42个腰椎间盘行CT椎间盘造影术,制订CTD的分型,分析CTD分型、对比剂注射剂量与诱发疼痛的关系。结果CTD显示椎间盘内破裂可分为4型,CTD分型、对比剂注射剂量与诱发疼痛具有相关性,阳性和阴性椎间盘病变间对比剂平均注射剂量具有明显差异(t=4.612,P<0.01)。结论CT腰椎间盘造影术能定性诊断腰椎间盘内破裂,与普通腰椎间盘造影术比较,CTD能够提供更多的基础诊断资料。     

椎间盘造影在决定腰椎融合节段中的作用

目的 评估椎间盘造影术在决定选择腰椎间融合节段中的应用价值.方法 对17例下腰痛(共56个椎间盘)进行椎间盘造影.根据临床症状、辅助检查、椎间盘造影结果制定手术计划,采用椎间盘切除,腰椎间融合术.术前、术后给予VAS、ODI评分以及影像学评估.结果 本组均成功进行了椎间盘造影.椎间盘造影阳性20个,其中MRI显示只有17个为异常椎间盘.在椎间盘造影阴性的36个椎间盘中,18个MRI显示正常.MRI检测症状椎间盘的假阴性率为15%,假阳性率为50%.17例均接受了腰椎间融合术.ODI评分,术前平均51%,术后1周,1、3、6、12个月结果平均为15%,融合率100%,无一例发生并发症.VAS术前平均7分(6～9分),术后平均2分(0～4分),临床效果良好.结论 椎间盘造影术可避免不必要的腰椎融合,临床症状、辅助检查结合椎间盘造影可以提供更多的信息以更准确地选择融合节段.     

腰椎间盘磁共振正常的椎间盘源性腰痛

目的 研究MRI显示椎间盘正常信号强度但椎间盘造影显示纤维环破裂和存在疼痛复制反应的椎间盘源性腰痛特殊病例,并对其产生的原因和意义进行探讨.方法 2003年8月至2008年11月,慢性下腰痛且行腰椎间盘造影术病人288例.其中腰椎MRIT2加权显示正常信号强度,但椎间盘造影术显示纤维环撕裂和腰痛复制的病人12例.男7例、女5例.年龄20～44岁,平均29.6岁.病程8个月～3年,平均1.8年.应用Dallas CT椎间盘造影分级方法评估纤维环撕裂程度.结果 12例慢性腰痛但MRI显示正常信号强度的病人中,共行腰椎间盘造影33个椎间盘.12个病人12个椎间盘显示疼痛复制和纤维环撕裂,其中显示2级撕裂者3个,3级撕裂者9个.结论 对一些顽同性腰痛病人,保守治疗无效,提示是椎间盘源性的,但MRI检查正常需要行进一步治疗时,如行腰椎微创手术或腰椎融合术时,仍需考虑行腰椎间盘造影术,以确定疼痛的椎间盘.     

动态腰椎间盘造影的探讨

采用腰椎间盘造影动态检查１４５例。认为腰椎间盘造影动态观察可以获得更多直接椎间盘病变信息，尤其对神经根管部位显示较满意，能够提高其影像诊断率．减少了假阳性及假阴性率，而且可以分辨椎间盘撕裂、椎间盘退变、椎间盘突出程度。用小剂量无刺激性造影剂诱发腰腿痛有较高临床价值。     

The pathogenesis and clinical significance of a high-intensity zone (HIZ) of lumbar intervertebral disc on MR imaging in the patient with discogenic low back pain

Recently, the presence of a high-intensity zone (HIZ) within the posterior annulus seen on T2-weighted MRI has aroused great interest and even controversy among many investigators, particularly on whether the HIZ was closely associated with a concordant pain response on awake discography. The study attempted to interpret the correlation between the presence of the HIZ on MRI and awake discography, as well as its characteristic pathology. Fifty two patients with low back pain without disc herniation underwent MRI and discography successively. Each disc with HIZ was correlated for an association between the presence of a HIZ and the grading of annular disruption and a concordant pain response. Eleven specimens of lumbar intervertebral discs which contain HIZ in the posterior annulus from 11 patients with discogenic low back pain were harvested for histologic examination to interpret the histologic basis of a nociceptive response during posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF). The study found that in all of 142 discograms in 52 patients, 17 presented HIZ. All 17 discs with HIZ showed painful reproduction and abnormal morphology with annular tears extending either well into or through the outer third of the annulus fibrosus. The consecutive sagittal slices through the HIZ lesion showed that a notable histologic feature of the formation of vascularized granulation tissue in the outer region of the annulus fibrosus. The current study suggests that the HIZ of the lumbar disc on MRI in the patient with low back pain could be considered as a reliable marker of painful outer anular disruption.     

腰椎融合区相邻节段无症状退变椎间盘的转归

目的：观察腰椎融合区相邻节段无症状性退变间盘的转归，探讨腰椎融合节段的选择。方法：71例因椎间盘源性腰痛而接受椎阃盘切除、椎间植骨融合术患者，术前均进行仔细的体格检查、MRI和椎间盘造影，对MRI表现和柞间盘造影阳性的节段进行融合，其中53例相邻椎间盘MRI表现正常（A组），18例相邻20个节段为无症状性退变间盘（B组）比较两组术后的临床疗效、疼痛复发以及二次手术率。结果：所有患者均随访2年以上（平均35个月），临床疗效优良率A组为92.4％，B组为77．8％，无统计学差异（P=0.189）。A组中1例因相邻节段间盘发生退变并产生严重症状而进行了二次融合手术：B组叶14例因相邻的无症状性退变间盘退变加重并产生严重症状而接受一次融合手术。结论：柑邻于融合节段的无症状性退变间盘大多数（77.8％）不产生后期的疼痛症状，临床疗效满息、存初次进行融合时，仅融合有症状的退变间盘即可。