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1.
王付超  林乐岷 《安徽医药》2022,26(11):2171-2174
真空辅助乳腺活检系统( VABB)由美国食品与药品监督管理局于 1995年批准应用于乳腺肿物的活检。该系统包括内外套针、旋切刀、传送装置、真空抽吸泵、控制器及相关软件等组成。 VABB可在多种影像学引导下(乳腺超声、 MRI、X线)对乳腺病灶切除活检。起初 VABB系统主要应用于乳腺病灶的活检,如早期乳腺癌的诊断。由于 VABB通过影像学引导下精确完整切除病灶,能够获得足够量的组织样本进行病理学检查,因此广泛应用于良性乳腺疾病的治疗,如良性乳腺肿瘤的切除、乳腺炎、乳腺整形手术等,成为乳腺微创手术的重要手段。  相似文献   
2.
BackgroundIschemia reperfusion (I/R) play an imperative role in the expansion of cardiovascular disease. Sinomenine (SM) has been exhibited to possess antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and anticarcinogenic properties. The aim of the study was scrutinized the cardioprotective effect of SM against I/R injury in rat.MethodsRat were randomly divided into normal control (NC), I/R control and I/R + SM (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg), respectively. Ventricular arrhythmias, body weight and heart weight were estimated. Antioxidant, inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory mediators and plasmin system indicator were accessed.ResultsPre-treated SM group rats exhibited the reduction in the duration and incidence of ventricular fibrillation, ventricular ectopic beat (VEB) and ventricular tachycardia along with suppression of arrhythmia score during the ischemia (30 and 120 min). SM treated rats significantly (P < 0.001) altered the level of antioxidant parameters. SM treatment significantly (P < 0.001) repressed the level of creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), creatine kinase (CK) and troponin I (Tnl). SM treated rats significantly (P < 0.001) repressed the tissue factor (TF), thromboxane B2 (TXB2), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) and plasma fibrinogen (Fbg) and inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators.ConclusionOur result clearly indicated that SM plays anti-arrhythmia effect in I/R injury in the rats via alteration of oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction.  相似文献   
3.
陈平  陈婷婷 《检验医学》2022,37(1):83-86
目的依据ISO 15189质量体系建立覆盖检验全流程的智能结构化检验知识库,满足各个医疗环节对检验知识库的需求。方法在ISO 15189质量体系下,引入检验认知计算理论,通过信息化方法实现对检验知识源的提取、挖掘,自定义知识节点,并持续对数据库信息进行更新。结果建立的智能结构化检验知识库可以从检验各业务节点采集知识,通过富文本编辑,自动生成服务手册、项目书册、项目操作规程、仪器操作规程、采集手册,再将形成的程序化文件各节点碎片化分布在实验室信息系统(LIS)中,支持工作站、移动终端对检验知识库的浏览、查阅和数据分享。结论通过建立结构化的检验知识库,将检验相关的基础信息进行分类编排,使信息和知识有序化,缩短了搜索时间,加快了知识和信息的流动,有利于检验知识的共享与交流。  相似文献   
4.
目的结合文献回顾观察Aicardi-Goutières综合征(AGS)影像学表现。方法回顾性分析3例经基因检测证实的AGS患儿,患儿月龄分别为3、5、8个月,均接受颅脑MR检查,其中1例(病例3)接受颅脑CT检查,结合文献分析其颅脑MRI及CT表现。结果颅脑MRI显示,病例1双侧侧脑室、双侧额颞部脑外间隙增宽;病例2未见明显异常;病例3脑萎缩,双侧侧脑室前角旁异常呈T1WI等信号、T2WI及T2-液体衰减翻转恢复(T2-FLAIR)序列呈稍高信号。颅脑CT显示病例3脑萎缩,双侧基底核区、双侧侧脑室前角旁钙化,双侧侧脑室前角旁低密度灶。结论颅内钙化、脑萎缩和脑白质营养不良为AGS常见影像学表现。  相似文献   
5.
PurposeThis study aimed to identify the evidence in the scientific literature between exposure to surgical smoke and biological symptoms in healthcare professionals and patients.DesignA systematic review.MethodsElectronic databases were searched, including vivo observational and experimental studies published until August 2020 in Portuguese, English, Spanish and French.FindingsWe identified 13 studies, with a predominance of cross-sectional (6; 46.15%), experimental laboratory (4; 30.76%) and cohort (3; 23.07%) studies. The main manifestations identified were related to respiratory tract and headache. There was identification of histopathological changes in the nasal mucosa of healthcare professionals and the presence of toxic substances from smoke identified in the urine of patients and healthcare professionals.ConclusionThe scientific literature on the biological symptoms of surgical smoke is mainly composed of observational studies with a reduced sample size, thus constituting aspects which limit a broader and long-term understanding of the biological effects of surgical smoke exposure in healthcare professionals and patients.  相似文献   
6.
BackgroundIn shoulder arthroplasty, bone resorption around the stem can lead to stem loosening and makes surgery difficult at the time of revision. Proximal bone resorption after reverse shoulder arthroplasty can cause instability because of a decrease of deltoid wrapping effect. As factors of the stem itself, such as stem coating, shape, length, and use of bone cement, may also affect bone resorption, a single-stem model should be used to compare bone resorptions between different pathologies and surgical procedures. However, to date, a few reports have compared these differences in detail using a single-stem model. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence and location of humeral bone resorption in a single-stem model.MethodsThe study included 100 shoulders that underwent anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) or humeral head replacement (HHR) with a single uncemented humeral stem from 2008 to 2018. The patients were 31 men and 69 women. The mean age at surgery was 72.9 years (range, 41-86 years). The patients were divided into three groups: especially, 25, 61, and 14 shoulders received TSA for primary osteoarthritis without rotator cuff tears (TSA group), HHR using an anatomical head with rotator cuff repair for cuff tear arthropathy (CTA) (HHR group), and HHR using a CTA head without rotator cuff repair (CTA group), respectively. Patients were monitored for a mean of 56 months (range, 12-98 months). The location of bone resorption was divided into seven zones as follows: zone 1, greater tuberosity; zone 2, lateral diaphysis; zone 3, lateral diaphysis beyond the deltoid tuberosity; zone 4, tip of the stem; zone 5, medial diaphysis beyond the deltoid tuberosity; zone 6, medial diaphysis; and zone 7, calcar region. The degree of bone resorption was classified from grade 0 to 4.ResultsBone resorption of grade 3 or higher was significantly more frequent at the greater tuberosity in the HHR and CTA groups (P < .001 and P < .001, respectively) than that in the TSA group. Grade 4 bone resorption was significantly more frequent in the CTA than that in the TSA and HHR groups in zone 1 (P = .016 and P = .041, respectively).ConclusionThe state of attachment of the rotator cuff to the greater tuberosity might affect bone resorption at the greater tuberosity, such as the greater tuberosity after shoulder arthroplasty. In cases of shoulder arthroplasty for arthropathy with rotator cuff tear, performing rotator cuff repair might prevent bone resorption.Level of evidenceLevel IV; Prognosis Study  相似文献   
7.
8.
AIM:To summarize the data of epidemiological studies on cataract prevalence over 50 years old in urban and rural areas of China from 2000 to 2020,and to analyze the prevalence of cataract and operation rate in China.METHODS:By searching Pub Med,EMBASE,Web of Science,Wanfang Data and CNKI,Chinese and English literatures on the prevalence of cataract in China were retrieved,and the relevant characteristic data were extracted.Then,Stata v15 SE software was used for Metaanalysis and heterogeneity test.According to the results of heterogeneity,the corresponding effect models were selected to combine the extracted data.RESULTS:A total of 20 studies were included in this study,with a total of 111434 cases.Meta-analysis showed heterogeneity.According to the random effect model,the overall prevalence of cataract in Chinese people over 50 years old was 27.45%,that in rural was 28.79%,and that in urban was 26.66%.The overall coverage rate of cataract surgery was 9.19%.CONCLUSION:The prevalence of cataract is high in China,and there is still room for improvement in surgical coverage,so it is very important to promote cataract screening and prevention.  相似文献   
9.
目的探讨应用侧胸壁筋膜皮瓣修复乳房外侧象限局部缺损的可行性及美容效果。 方法回顾性分析2016年7月至2018年7月郴州市第一人民医院乳腺甲状腺外科收治的外侧象限乳腺疾病患者46例,其中乳腺癌30例、肉芽肿性乳腺炎10例和交界性叶状肿瘤6例。观察组(26例)采用侧胸壁筋膜皮瓣修复局部缺损,对照组(20例)采用切缘周围脂肪筋膜瓣移位成形修复局部缺损。采用t检验比较2组患者年龄、肿瘤直径、残腔大小、切口长度、手术时间、出血量、引流管留置时间;采用χ2检验比较2组患者肿瘤位置、TNM分期、并发症发生率;采用Kruskal-Wallis秩和检验比较2组患者术后美容效果。 结果2组患者的手术切口长度和引流管留置时间比较,差异有统计学意义(t=18.143、2.197,P均<0.050)。观察组和对照组术后并发症发生率为15.4%(4/26)和20.0%(4/20),2组比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.000,P=0.986)。术后美容效果评价显示观察组优良率为96.2%(25/26),对照组优良率为70.0%(14/20),2组患者优良率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.138,P=0.042)。术后2组患者美容效果评价比较,差异有统计学意义(H=6.528,P=0.038)。术后所有患者中位随访24个月(12~36个月),均无局部复发及远处转移。 结论采用侧胸壁筋膜皮瓣修复乳房外侧象限局部缺损是可行的,手术可操作性强、创伤小,切口隐蔽及美容效果好,值得临床推广。  相似文献   
10.
目的: 探讨Insignia固定矫治器定制系统在正畸治疗中的应用效果。方法: 选择2018年3月—2019年8月大连市口腔医院收治的错畸形患者71例,应用随机数字表法分为定制组和非定制组。非定制组采用Damon Q自锁托槽治疗,定制组采用Insignia矫治系统定制个性化自锁托槽及弓丝治疗。初始校准阶段,每8周复查1次,此后每6周复查1次。比较2组的临床疗效、就诊次数、治疗计划时间、治疗持续时间、同行评估等级指数(PAR)及治疗过程中并发症和托槽情况。采用SPSS 20.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果: 定制组总有效率显著高于非定制组(P<0.05);2组治疗持续时间相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);定制组就诊次数显著大于非定制组,治疗计划时间显著长于非定制组(P<0.05);2组患者治疗后的中线、牙错位、磨牙颊侧关系、覆盖、覆和加权总分均较治疗前有改变,定制组变化更明显(P<0.05);2组患者牙龈出血和托槽脱落率相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);定制组托槽松动率显著高于非定制组(P<0.05)。结论: 与非定制系统相比,Insignia矫治定制系统虽就诊次数多、治疗计划时间较长、托槽松动率高,但其效果较好。总体而言,对治疗持续时间影响不大,并未增加托槽脱落率。  相似文献   
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