Dietary patterns and the risk of abnormal blood lipids among young adults: A prospective cohort study

Background and aimsThe extent to which dietary patterns influence the risk of abnormal blood lipids throughout young adulthood remains unclear. The aim was to investigate whether early young adulthood dietary patterns predict the risk of abnormal blood lipids during later young adulthood.Methods and resultsWe used data from a long running birth cohort study in Australia. Western dietary pattern rich in meats, processed foods and high-fat dairy products and prudent pattern rich in fruit, vegetables, fish, nuts, whole grains and low-fat dairy products were derived using principal component analysis at the 21-year follow-up from dietary data obtained using a food frequency questionnaire. After 9-years, fasting blood samples of all participants were collected and their total, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterols and triglyceride (TG) levels were measured. Abnormal blood lipids were based on clinical cut-offs for total, LDL and HDL cholesterols, and TG and relative distributions for total:HDL and TG:HDL cholesterols ratios. Log-binomial models were used to estimate risk of each outcome in relation to dietary patterns. Greater adherence to the Western pattern predicted increased risks of high LDL (RR: 1.47; 95%CI: 1.06, 2.03) and TG (1.90; 1.25, 2.86), and high ratios of total:HDL (1.48; 1.00, 2.19) and TG:HDL (1.78; 1.18, 2.70) cholesterols in fully adjusted models. Conversely, a prudent pattern predicted reduced risks of low HDL (0.58; 0.42, 0.78) and high TG (0.66; 0.47, 0.92) and high total:HDL (0.71; 0.51, 0.98) and TG:HDL (0.61; 0.45, 0.84) cholesterols ratios.ConclusionThis is the first prospective study to show greater adherence to unhealthy Western diet predicted increased risks of abnormal blood lipids, whereas healthy prudent diet predicted lower such risks in young adults. Addressing diets in early course may improve cardiovascular health of young adults.     

护士"互联网+护理服务"参与行为意愿量表的编制及信效度检验

目的编制护士"互联网+护理服务"参与行为意愿量表,并进行信效度检验。方法以计划行为理论为框架,采用文献回顾、半结构式访谈法形成量表的条目池;通过专家咨询、项目分析对量表条目进行筛选,初步形成护士"互联网+护理服务"参与行为意愿量表。采用方便抽样法,于2020年10—12月选取江苏省6所医院(2所三级医院、2所二级医院、2所一级医院)的825名护士进行正式调查,检验问卷的信效度。结果护士"互联网+护理服务"参与行为意愿量表包括3个分量表(参与行为态度、主观行为规范、感知行为控制)、8个维度、17个条目。总量表的Cronbach'sα系数为0.927、重测信度系数为0.805。护士"互联网+护理服务"参与行为意愿与参与行为的相关系数为0.743(P<0.01)。因子分析提取出8个公因子,累积方差贡献率为72.33%。结论护士"互联网+护理服务"参与行为意愿量表具有较好的信效度,可用于护士"互联网+护理服务"参与行为意愿的评估。     

TRIM59 通过结合 BCLAF1 调控人皮肤黑色素瘤 SK-MEL-2 细胞的恶 性生物学行为

目的：探究三结构域蛋白59（TRIM59）调控人皮肤黑色素瘤细胞SK-MEL-2增殖、细胞周期、凋亡及迁移侵袭的作用机制，及其与Bcl2相关转录因子1（BCLAF1)之间的关系。方法：qPCR和WB法检测人表皮黑色素细胞HEMn-LP、人皮肤黑色素瘤细胞SK-MEL-2、UACC903、A375及36例邢台市人民医院2019年2月至2021年7月收集的皮肤黑色素瘤组织中TRIM59的mRNA和蛋白表达，使用脂质体将si-con、si-TRIM59转染至SK-MEL-2细胞中，WB法检测干扰TRIM59表达对细胞中周期蛋白D1（CCND1）、细胞周期素依赖性激酶2（CDK2）、肿瘤抑制蛋白基因（TP53）和 BCLAF1 蛋白表达的影响，CCK-8法、流式细胞术、划痕愈合实验、Transwell实验检测对细胞的活性、凋亡、迁移和侵袭的影响，免疫共沉淀（Co-IP）实验检测对细胞中TRIM59蛋白与BCLAF1结合能力的影响。结果：与HEMn-LP细胞相比，SK-MEL-2、UACC903、A375细胞中TRIM59 mRNA和TRIM59、BCLAF1蛋白均呈高表达（均P<0.05），SK-MEL-2细胞中TRIM59表达水平最高。相较于si-con组和Normal组，沉默TRIM59后，SK-MEL-2细胞的活性显著降低，细胞周期阻滞于G2期，CCND1、CDK2的蛋白表达显著降低，TP53蛋白和细胞凋亡率均显著升高，划痕抑制率明显升高，迁移侵袭细胞数明显降低（均P<0.05）。免疫共沉淀实验结果显示，TRIM59与BCLAF1之间存在蛋白结合关系。TRIM59与 BCLAF1 在肿瘤组织中的表达呈显著的正相关（r=0.878，P<0.001）。结论：干扰TRIM59表达能够抑制人皮肤黑色素瘤SK-MEL-2细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭而促进凋亡，抑制SK-MEL-2细胞的恶性生物学行为，其机制可能与TRIM59结合BCLAF1有关。     

A Lifestyle Intervention Program to Improve Knowledge and Health Behaviors in Women

ObjectiveTo improve health knowledge, facilitate healthy behaviors, and provide social support for a high-risk population of women by implementing a culturally tailored, gender-specific lifestyle intervention program.DesignEvidence-based practice project.Setting/Local ProblemA Chicago neighborhood in Cook County, Illinois, where there are increased rates of diabetes, heart disease, cancer, stroke, hypertension, obesity, preterm birth, and violent crime.ParticipantsFemale residents of the community, ages 19 to 45 years; 12 participants registered for the program, and 11 participants completed the entire 2-month program.Interventions/MeasurementsThe BE WISE Lifestyle Intervention, a culturally tailored, gender-specific behavior change curriculum, was used for this project. An interprofessional team was used to enhance participant experience, and neighborhood collaborations were established to create sustainability of efforts. Pre- and postintervention measures of diet, physical activity, social support, and knowledge acquisition were used to evaluate outcomes.ResultsImprovement was noted for knowledge in most of the content areas, as well as for dietary and physical activity behaviors. All participants rated the program highly and responded positively to the social support experienced in the group.ConclusionCulturally tailored lifestyle interventions can be effective in improving knowledge and encouraging behavior change, especially when delivered in group settings to enhance social support. Community-level collaborations enhance interventions by providing local support and resources for participants. Because behavior change takes time, follow-up at the 6-month and 1-year intervals is recommended to determine longer-term outcomes.     

562名医务人员子女心理行为状况调查

目的 了解儿童心理行为状况,为改善儿童心理行为问题提供依据。方法 针对本院医务人员子女采用整群随机抽样的方法,通过手机端发放长处和困难问卷(Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire,SDQ)电子版进行调查,收集儿童心理行为健康相关信息。结果 本研究纳入观察病例共562份,年龄均值(8.06±3.251)岁。其中,男275名(48.9%),女287名(51.1%);学龄期儿童311名(55.3%),学龄前期儿童251名(44.7%)。SDQ困难总分评定异常者12.9%,边缘状态者18.1%,正常者69%。情绪问题 、品行问题 、同伴关系问题 、多动问题 、困难总分、亲社会行为各因子异常检出率分别为9.6%、9.8%、19.2%、18.1%、12.9%、7.8%。不同性别儿童SDQ困难总分、情绪症状、亲社会行为、品行问题差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。男生多动问题、同伴关系问题评分分别为(3.87±1.471)分、(4.53±1.542)分,分别高于女生的(3.65±1.415)分、(4.31±1.554)分,差异有统计学意义(t=0.96、7.65,P<0.05)。学龄前期儿童与学龄期儿童情绪症状、品行问题、亲社会行为差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。学龄期儿童同伴关系问题、多动问题、困难总分评分分别为(4.53±1.507)分、(3.85±1.298)分、(12.15±3.613)分,分别高于学龄前期儿童的(4.26±1.652)分、(3.54±1.402)分、(11.45±4.39)分,差异有统计学意义(t=5.36、6.57、14.32,P<0.05)。结论 调查发现,本院医务人员子女心理行为问题发生率较高。应进一步核实诊断,根据不同的心理特征及年龄分类,及早给予心理支持和干预,并由心理医生对这一群体进行长期随访。     

Food-grade titanium dioxide decreases hematocrit and hemoglobin and increases compulsive-like behavior in male mice

Food-grade titanium dioxide (E171) is widely used as a food additive, and it is known that after oral consumption, E171 is translocated into the bloodstream reaching the highest titanium level at 6 h. E171 is accumulated in some organs triggering toxicity, but the effects on the blood parameters after oral consumption have been less studied. Recently, evidence shows that oral exposure to E171 induces behavioral signs of anxiety and depression. The relation between blood alterations and psychiatric disorders has been previously demonstrated. However, the oral exposure to E171 effects on alterations in blood parameters and effects linked to alterations in animal behavior has not been explored. In this short communication, we aimed to investigate the effects of E171 on specific blood parameters (hematocrit, hemoglobin, number of erythrocytes, and leukocytes) and anxiety and compulsive-like behavior in males and females orally exposed to ~5 mg/kg for 4 weeks. The results showed that E171 decreased hematocrit and hemoglobin in male but not in female mice while leukocyte and erythrocyte count remained unaltered. Oral consumption of E171 decreased the levels of anxiety-like behavior in females but not in male mice, while compulsive-like behavior was increased in both male and female mice.     

综合提醒系统对脑卒中患者出院6个月知信行和临床结局的效果

目的 探讨健康信念综合提醒系统对脑卒中患者出院后6个月健康知识、信念、行为、卫生服务利用情况及临床结局的效果。方法 2015年2月至2016年3月,方便抽样广州市3家综合医院高血压并发缺血性脑卒中出院患者174例,分为对照组(n = 87)和干预组(n = 87)。对照组予常规健康教育;干预组在此基础上采用“基于健康信念模式的综合提醒系统”进行健康教育和延续护理。出院6个月后,采用脑卒中健康知识问卷(SKQ)、脑卒中患者健康信念简表(SF-HBMS-SP)和脑卒中健康行为量表(HBS-SP)进行调查,并记录临床结局(急诊就诊、再住院、复发和死亡)。结果 对照组75例、干预组76例完成调查。干预组SKQ (U = 903.000)、SF-HBMS-SP (t = -9.099)和HBS-SP (t = -7.786)总分均显著高于对照组(P < 0.001)。干预组门诊复诊率(97.37%)显著高于对照组(76.00%) ( P <0.001);两组急诊就诊数和再住院数无显著性差异(P > 0.05),死亡和复发率无显著性差异( P > 0.05)。 结论 健康信念综合提醒系统能提高脑卒中患者出院后健康知识、信念、行为和门诊复诊率,但尚未对临床结局产生明显效果。     

Index-Based Dietary Patterns and the Risk of Prostate Cancer among Iranian Men

Background and objective: The second most common cancer in men after lung cancer is prostate cancer (PC).Previous studies assessed the association between food items or food groups and the risk of PC, but diet quality indicesare unique approaches to study any relations between diet and disease. Our objective was to investigate the effect ofhealthy eating index (HEI-2010) and Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score (MSDPS) on PC risk. Methods: Inthis case-control study, we recruited 97 patients with MS and 205 control subjects . Dietary intake was evaluted usinga valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire. The HEI and MSDPS were calculated. Logistic regression was usedto evaluate the relationship between HEI and MSDP scores and PC risk after adjusting the confounders. Results: Incomparison to controls, cases had lower score on HEI (61 vs. 70.07; P< 0.001), and higher score on MSDP (26.20 vs.24.49; P= 0.44). After comparing the highest and the lowest tertile of HEI, we observed a significant decreasing trendin the risk of PC (p for trend<0.001). Conclusion: Our findings suggested that a high quality diet, according to HEI,may decrease the risk of PC.