异牡荆素对非小细胞性肺癌细胞自我更新和凋亡的影响

目的研究异牡荆素(ISO)对非小细胞性肺癌(NSCLC)细胞的影响和潜在的机制。方法将A549和H1650细胞分别分为空白组、低剂量实验组(4μmol·L^-1 ISO)和高剂量实验组(16μmol·L^-1 ISO)。用噻唑蓝法检测NSCLC细胞活性,用肿瘤球形成实验检测NSCLC细胞的细胞球形成率,用Western blot法检测NSCLC细胞凋亡、自我更新、无翅型MMTV整合位点家族/β-连环蛋白(Wnt/β-catenin)信号通路相关蛋白的表达水平。结果与空白组比较,低、高剂量实验组中A549和H1650细胞在24,48和72 h的细胞活性均显著降低。低、高剂量实验组和空白组中A549细胞的细胞球形成率分别为(4.18±0.45)%,(2.01±0.67)%和(6.02±0.57)%,切割的半胱氨酸蛋白酶-3相对表达量分别为0.24±0.08,1.25±0.13和0.06±0.07,SRY相关高迁移率族盒蛋白-2相对表达量分别为0.49±0.04,0.25±0.03和1.00±0.09,Kruppel样因子4相对表达量分别为0.68±0.04,0.44±0.03和1.01±0.06,Wnt1相对表达量分别为0.63±0.06,0.28±0.04和1.00±0.06,β-catenin相对表达量分别为0.41±0.05,0.22±0.03和1.01±0.09;与空白组比较,低、高剂量实验组中A549细胞的上述指标的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。上述3组中H1650细胞的上述指标也呈现一致的现象。结论ISO可能通过抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号通路来抑制NSCLC细胞活性和自我更新,并促进其凋亡。     

外周血免疫细胞在NAFLD疾病进展中的诊断价值

近日,范建高教授应《柳叶刀》旗下子刊EBioMedicine(影响因子8.413分)编辑部邀请,与博士生林双喆在线发表综述:Peripheral immune cells in NAFLD patients:A spyhole to disease progression,EBioMedicine 2021 doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103768,系统分析非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)及其不同临床病理类型亚组患者循环外周血液各种免疫细胞的特征性变化,并探讨了外周血免疫细胞变化用于无创诊断与评估NAFLD的严重类型非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)的潜在价值。     

这种面部“社交癌”,微创手术可化解

说起面部抽搐,让大家印象深刻的可能还是影视剧中的反派角色在紧张时流露出的表情。其实,这种症状无关人品好坏,任何人都有可能发生,而一旦遭遇这种困扰,很可能会让人无法正常地开展社交活动,因此这就是一种“社交癌”。面部抽搐的根本问题是出在颅神经上,通过最新的颅神经微血管减压(MVD)手术,可以完全消除这一问题,效果立竿见影。     

川崎病静脉注射丙种球蛋白无反应预测模型研究现状

川崎病(Kawasaki disease，KD)是一种急性自身免疫性系统性血管炎，是发达国家儿童获得性心脏病的主要病因。KD最严重的后果是冠状动脉病变(coronary artery lesions，CALs)，与KD的预后相关。临床研究证实静脉注射丙种球蛋白(IVIG)耐药是CALs的独立危险因素。近年来，一系列的预测模型已被开发来评估IVIG耐药的风险。然而，目前基于KD儿童人口学特征、临床表现、实验室检查及遗传特性的IVIG耐药性预测评分系统在不同民族和同一民族不同地区的人群中存在显著差异，尚未建立适用普遍人群的预测模型。     

经鼻高流量氧气湿化治疗老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重合并呼吸衰竭的可行性研究

ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility of transnasal heated humidified high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) with respiratory failure in elderly patients. MethodsA total of 176 elderly patients with AECOPD complicated with respiratory failure who were hospitalized at Peking University Shougang Hospital from December 2016 to January 2022 were enrolled, including 82 patients in an HFNC group and 94 patients in an NPPV group. After treatment, pulse oxygen saturation (SPO₂), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO₂), oxygenation index (OI), respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), comfort score, discharge rate, rate of endotracheal intubation, rate of transfer to intensive care unit (ICU), and mortality were compared between the two groups. The independent sample t-test was used for comparison between the two groups. Statistical data are expressed in percentage or number of cases and the χ² test was used for their comparisons. ResultsThe SPO₂ values at 30 min, 1 h, and 6 h were significantly higher in the HFNC group than in the NPPV group (t=-2.049,-2.618, and -3.314, P=0.043, 0.010, and 0.001, respectively). SPO₂ before discharge was significantly lower than that of the NPPV group (t=2.162, P=0.033), but OI at each time point and before discharge had no statistical significance (P＞0.05). MAP at 6 h was significantly higher in the HFNC group than in the NPPV group (t=-2.209, P=0.029), but within the normal range. HRs at 2 h and 3 h in the HFNC group were significantly higher than those of the NPPV group (t=-2.199 and -2.336, P=0.030 and 0.021, respectively). There were no significant differences in RR, HR, or MAP between the two groups at other time points and before discharge (P＞0.05). There was no significant difference in PaCO2 between the two groups (P＞0.05). Comfort score in the HFNC group was significantly higher than that of the NPPV group (t=-46.807, P＜0.001). There were no significant differences in discharge rate, ICU transfer rate, endotracheal intubation rate, and mortality between the two groups (P＞0.05). ConclusionHFNC is as effective as NPPV in treating elderly patients with AECOPD complicated with type Ⅰ or mild type Ⅱ respiratory failure, and HFNC is more comfortable than NPPV.     

神经内分泌肿瘤非手术治疗研究进展

近30年来, 神经内分泌肿瘤的发病率快速增长近6倍, 且由于患者生存期相对较长, 导致患病人数激增, 给患者、家庭及社会带来极大的负担。而对于神经内分泌肿瘤的诊疗规范在近10年才逐步受到重视, 临床对其认识仍存在严重不足, 药物治疗效果仍不理想, 因此, 本文主要对分化好的神经内分泌瘤的生物治疗、靶向治疗、核素治疗以及低分化的神经内分泌癌的化疗的临床研究做一综述, 希望对该类患者的规范化治疗提供一定的临床指导。     

2例先天性无痛无汗症合并肘部骨折患儿的护理

总结2例先天性无痛无汗症合并肘部骨折患儿的护理。术前做好安全护理,避免意外发生；同时给予患肢管理,避免骨筋膜室综合征等并发症的发生；做好术前常规准备。术后做好常规护理，在饮食、患肢、静脉输液、石膏、伤口、体温等方面给予个性化护理,在专业的康复师指导下进行功能锻炼，并给予出院指导。2例患者均好转出院。