The effect of social media on patient acceptance of temporary anchorage devices:: A cross-cultural study

ObjectivesTo investigate the relationship between the use of social networking sites (SNSs) on patient perceptions, acceptance, and expectations of treatment using temporary anchorage devices (TADs) and to compare differences between patients from the United Kingdom and Brazil.Materials and MethodsCross-sectional questionnaires were administered to 39 participants at orthodontic practices in the United Kingdom and Brazil about patients'' use of SNSs, exposure to TADs on SNSs, and thoughts on extractions, jaw surgery, or TADs as treatment options.ResultsUK patients prefer for clinicians to have SNS profiles (P = .022). Most UK and Brazilian patients want to see their clinician''s work online (76.7%) and use SNSs to get information about treatment options (76.6%). There was a statistically significant difference in Brazilian patients'' acceptance of TADs as a treatment option compared with UK patients, particularly if it meant avoiding extractions (P = .002), avoiding jaw surgery (P = .004), or reducing treatment time (P = .010). Knowledge of TADs was greater in Brazilian patients (P < .001).ConclusionsPatients use SNSs to obtain information about treatments and prefer clinicians to have social media accounts. Patients exposed to TADs on SNSs are more likely to accept them as an orthodontic treatment option. UK patients have less knowledge of TADs and are therefore less sure to consider TADs as an option. Brazilian patients are more confident in considering the use of TADs. Clinicians should consider increasing their social media presence to accommodate patients'' expectations and acceptance of TADs.     

Comparison of the primary stability of orthodontic miniscrews after repeated insertion cycles:: An in vitro study

ObjectivesTo compare the primary stability of miniscrews after repeated cycles of insertion through insertion torque (IT) measurements and resonance frequency analysis (RFA).Materials and MethodsSixty titanium miniscrews were divided into two groups according to the insertion protocol: one with predrilled sites and the other self-drilled into porcine iliac crest bone specimens. Each group had three cycles of reinsertion. After each insertion, the IT and RFA were measured. The IT was measured by using a torque meter, and the RFA was measured using the Osstell ISQ device. A total of five miniscrews of each group were selected for sequential assessment of the morphology of their tip and threads using scanning electron microscopy after each insertion cycle.ResultsNo statistically significant differences were found in the IT values of miniscrews reinserted up to three times in the group with predrilled surgical sites. The IT value increased significantly with the number of reinsertions in the self-drilled group. The RFA value decreased as the number of insertions increased in both groups.ConclusionsUnder the conditions of this in vitro study, reinserting miniscrews deteriorates the integrity of their tip and thread. Reinsertion should be discouraged particularly when insertion sites are not predrilled.     

Comparison of two implant-supported molar distalization systems

Objective:To examine skeletal, dental, and soft tissue effects of the Miniscrew Implant Supported Distalization System (MISDS) and the Bone-Anchored Pendulum Appliance (BAPA).Materials and Methods:Among 28 patients displaying Angle Class II malocclusion, 14 patients with a mean age of 14.8 ± 3.6 years treated with MISDS were included in the first group, and 14 patients with a mean age of 14.5 ± 1.5 years treated with BAPA were included in the second group. The pretreatment and posttreatment lateral cephalograms were analyzed. Statistical evaluation was carried out using the paired Shapiro-Wilk test, the paired-sample t-test, and the unpaired t-test.Results:Upper posterior teeth were distalized successfully in both groups. Nearly bodily distalization was seen in the MISDS group, whereas significant distal tipping of the upper first molars was observed in the BAPA group (P < .001). There were no statistically significant changes in the sagittal position of the maxilla and mandible and in the position of the upper incisors as a result of treatment in either group.Conclusions:Both methods provided absolute anchorage for distalization of posterior teeth; however, almost translatory distal movement was encountered in the MISDS group, and substantial distal tipping of the maxillary molars accompanied distalization in the BAPA group.     

Comparison between direct vs indirect anchorage in two miniscrew-supported distalizing devices

Objective:To compare two distalizing devices supported by palatal miniscrews, the MGBM System (MGBM) and the Distal Screw appliance (DS), in dental Class II patients.Materials and Methods:Pretreatment (T1) and postdistalization (T2) lateral cephalograms of 53 Class II malocclusion subjects were examined. MGBM consisted of 29 patients (16 males, 13 females) with a mean pretreatment age of 12.3 ± 1.5 years; DS consisted of 24 patients (11 males, 13 females) with a mean pretreatment age of 11.3 ± 1.2 years. The mean distalization time was 6 ± 2 months for MGBM and 9 ± 2 months for DS. Initial and final measurements and treatment changes were compared by means of a Student’s t-test.Results:Maxillary superimpositions showed that the maxillary first molar distalized an average of 5.5 mm in the MGBM and 3.2 mm in the DS between T1 and T2; distal molar tipping was greater in the MGBM (10.3°) than in the DS (3.0°). First premolar showed a mean mesial movement of 1.4 mm, with a mesial tipping of 4.4° in the MGBM; on the contrary, first premolar showed a distal movement of 2.2 mm, with a distal tipping of 6.2°, in the DS.Conclusions:The MGBM system resulted in greater distal molar movement and less treatment time, resulting in more efficient movement than was associated with the DS; DS showed less molar tipping during distalization.     

Vertical eruption patterns of impacted mandibular third molars after the mesialization of second molars using miniscrews

Objective:To investigate (1) whether vertical eruption of impacted third molars improves after mesialization of second molars and (2) what factors affect the vertical eruption of impacted third molars when space caused by missing molars is successfully closed by mesialization of the second molar using miniscrews.Materials and Methods:The treatment group (Group 1) included 52 patients who had (1) missing mandibular first molars (ML-6) or missing deciduous mandibular second molars (ML-E), (2) initially impacted mandibular third molars, and (3) successful space closure of the edentulous area with orthodontics. Panoramic radiographs at start of treatment (T1) and at time of space closure (T2) were collected. The control group (Group 2) included 46 nonedentulous patients with impacted mandibular third molars without molar protraction treatment. Panoramic radiographs with similar T1/T2 treatment times were selected. Nine measurements were obtained regarding horizontal available space, vertical eruption, and third molar angulation.Results:Third molars erupted vertically an average of 2.54 mm in Group 1 compared with 0.41 mm in Group 2. Age, gender, Nolla stage, and angle of the third molars did not show significant correlations with the vertical change of the impacted third molars, whereas the depth of third molar impaction and available space showed significant correlations.Conclusions:Impacted mandibular third molars vertically erupt as a result of uprighting with mesialization of the second molar, and vertical eruption is affected by the initial vertical location of impacted third molars and available space.     

Minivis d’ancrage : étude de l’état de surface sous microscopie optique

Introduction

The aim of this study was to assess the surface changes in orthodontic miniscrew implants retrieved after usage and compare them with brand-new, as-received control miniscrews.

Material and methods

The study sample consisted of 28 miniscrews from the same manufacturer: Dual Top Anchor system^® (Korea) of different diameters and lengths. One brand-new miniscrew served as a control. Surface characterization was carried out using optical microscopy (Leica DM2500 M^®) and image magnification (×5, ×10 and ×20).

Results

Observations under optical microscopy showed signs of pitting and crevice corrosion mainly at manufacturing defects. Retrieved miniscrew implants displayed larger surface cracks from corrosive attacks (pitting and crevice). Qualitative sample analysis suggested a loss of gloss and texture, giving the surface a dull appearance. Localized pitting was the most frequent form of corrosion observed in our sample.

Discussion and conclusion

Despite a smooth appearance to the naked eye, the miniscrews all had crack-like surface manufacturing defects. Examination of the surface of these miniscrews, after usage, evidenced pitting or crevice corrosion principally in the area of enhance corrosion resistance.     

Management of occlusal canting with miniscrews

A 14-year-old boy with a skeletal Class II malocclusion and open bite whose chief complaint was a posterior crossbite showed a canted occlusal plane with asymmetric gummy smile and mandibular deviation at clinical examination. The treatment with miniscrews focused on the bilateral intrusion of the maxillary posterior teeth and, after resolving the open bite, a new biomechanical technique involving joined miniscrews was applied for an en masse intrusion of the left side. This treatment strategy achieved optimal occlusion with improvements to the sagittal, vertical, and transverse relationships and achieved a harmonious smile.     

Stability of miniscrews with different continuous orthodontic forces as measured by cone-beam computed tomography

PurposeMiniscrew stability is a key for successful orthodontic anchorage reinforcement. Light force as 50 g has been proposed to efficiently retract canine; however, for miniscrew stability, its efficiency is still questionable. This study aimed to evaluate and compare miniscrew displacements loaded with 50 and 150 g to retract upper canines.Subjects and methodsTwenty four miniscrews (1.4 mm diameter and 7 mm length) were placed in twelve orthodontic patients (female, 22.55 ± 4.8 years old) who required miniscrews for maximum anchorage. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was taken to assess the miniscrew displacement in three dimensions. The X, Y, Z coordination points at the miniscrew head and tail with anterior nasal spine as a reference point were recorded and analyzed the displacements during 3 months using one-sample t-test and pair t-test.ResultsMiniscrews were significantly displaced after loading 50 and 150 g at 2 and 3 months compared to baseline (P < 0.001). At 2 months, the displacement of the miniscrews at head and tail had no statistical significance between 50 and 150 g (P > 0.05). However, at 3 months, there were statistically significant displacements between 50 and 150 g. This displacement was found to be greater in 150 g and at head more than at tail (P < 0.05).ConclusionThis study concluded that miniscrews could be significantly displaced with 50 and 150 g during 3 months wherein the heavier loading force essentially caused more miniscrew mobility. Clinically, it is suggested to use proper magnitude of force to miniscrews with care in order to overcome orthodontic anchorage failure.