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1.
目的探讨继发性附件扭转的CT特征及其诊断效能,构建继发性附件扭转的评分系统。资料与方法收集经手术证实的伴有附件肿物的继发性附件扭转患者37例,以及伴有腹痛、附件肿物的对照组患者34例,分析继发性附件扭转的CT特征,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价其诊断效能,构建继发性附件扭转的综合评分系统(AT-CI)。结果与对照组比较,继发性附件扭转以下CT特征发生率较高,包括肿物壁偏心性增厚(X^2=4.41,P<0.05)、附件出血(X^2=12.68,P<0.001)、肿物-子宫之间团块状结构(X^2=13.62,P<0.001)、旋涡征(X^2=10.71,P<0.05)、附件周围脂肪模糊/腹水(X^2=5.82,P<0.05)。其中肿物-子宫之间团块状结构敏感度及诊断价值最高,为81.1%(ROC曲线下面积0.71),旋涡征特异度最高,为91.2%。ATCI诊断效能优于任意单一CT特征(ROC曲线下面积0.83),评分0~2分继发性附件扭转可能性小,3~4分怀疑继发性附件扭转,评分>4分,则高度怀疑继发性附件扭转且特异度为100%。结论继发性附件扭转具有典型的CT特征,包括肿物壁偏心性增厚、附件出血、肿物-子宫之间团块状结构、旋涡征、肿物周围脂肪模糊/腹水。AT-CI是综合了继发性附件扭转全部CT特征的实用评分系统,提高了继发性附件扭转的诊断准确性。  相似文献   
2.
金丽梅 《中外医疗》2016,(25):185-186
目的:探讨彩色多普勒超声诊断卵巢肿瘤蒂扭转的临床意义。方法方便选取2012―2015年该院收治的58例疑似卵巢肿瘤蒂扭转患者作为观察目标,入选病例均应用彩色多普勒超声进行检查,并将检查结果同术后病理检查结果进行比较。结果58例患者中,术后病理证实卵巢肿瘤蒂扭转者51例,彩色多普勒超声共确诊49例,检查准确率为96.1%;囊壁增厚、腹腔或盆腔积液、可见混合型团块是卵巢肿瘤蒂扭转的主要彩超表现。结论卵巢肿瘤蒂扭转应用彩色多普勒超声诊断,可显著提高诊断准确率,具有积极的临床使用和推广价值。  相似文献   
3.
目的提高基层医院对睾丸扭转的诊治效率。方法收集2011年9月至2017年4月确诊的睾丸扭转患者31例(A组),回顾分析诊治效率;前瞻性纳入2017年5月至2019年1月按标准化流程收治的急诊急性阴囊疼痛患者43例(B组),并采用五要素七分评分法诊断睾丸扭转和采用与中山大学附属第一医院教学平台共建的区域"三基"培训体系的标准化诊治流程,对比两组的诊治效率。结果A组睾丸扭转病例从就诊至临床确诊时间为20~60 min,从入院后至急诊手术时间60~160 min,其中70%患者行睾丸切除,30%行睾丸固定;B组中睾丸扭转确诊时间为5~25 min,入院至手术室45~60 min,B组的诊治效率较高(P<0.001),其中56%患者行睾丸切除,44%为睾丸固定,两组睾丸切除率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论睾丸扭转评分法可快速有效诊断,标准化救治流程可有效缩短患者救治时间,可操作性强,二者联合可以提高基层医院对青少年睾丸扭转的诊治效率。  相似文献   
4.
5.
The authors reported 2 cases of functioning gonadotroph pituitary adenoma (FGPA) revealed by an ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in young women. In the first case, OHSS was observed after GnRH analog injection. Pelvic echography revealed multiple voluminous ovarian cysts. Dopamine agonist posology failed in estradiol hypersecretion control, which necessitated endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery. The patient experienced improvement in pelvic pain as estradiol hypersecretion decreased during the first few postoperative days. Outcome was favorable, and her menstrual cycle was normal after two months. The second case was a young girl with spontaneous pelvic pain and elevated plasma FSH and estradiol levels. FGPA was confirmed on cerebral MRI. Dopamine agonists were introduced, and surgical removal of the pituitary tumor was scheduled for 7 days later. In the meantime, the patient was admitted and underwent surgery for bilateral adnexal torsion related to OHSS. The pituitary tumor was removed one week later. Outcome was favorable, and estradiol and FSH plasma levels were normal after 3 months. The ovarian cysts were no longer visible on echography after 3 months. Given the lack of efficacy of the current standard medical therapy, surgical removal of pituitary adenomas is the reference treatment for FGPA. The authors suggest that severe OHSS related to FGPA should be considered as a relative surgical emergency and that surgery should not be unduly delayed, given the unpredictable risk of adnexal torsion, particularly in case of voluminous ovarian cysts. The authors performed a literature review on this topic.  相似文献   
6.
【摘要】目的 应用斑点追踪技术检测冠心病患者左心室应变和扭转情况,研究左心室应变和扭转对冠心病患者心脏功能水平的关系。方法 选取我院于2016年10月到2017年10月收治的冠心病患者70例,按照纽约临床心功能分级积分(NYHA-P)分为纽约临床心功能分级正常组38例,心功能分级异常组32例,以及再选择体检正常的志愿者30位作为对照组,比较受检者的NYHA-P、左室射血分数(LVEF)、总体心肌整体径向应变(GRS)、纵向应变(GLS)、左室心肌收缩期心肌扭转角度(TA)。结果 冠心病患者组与对照组比较,LVEF、GLS、GRS、TA降低。心功能分级正常组与异常组相比,LVEF、GLS、GRS、TA降低。心功能正常组GLS、GRS、TA与LVEF无相关性,与NYHA-P相关。心功能异常组GLS、GRS、TA与LVEF及NYHA-P都相关。心功能分级异常组以GLS-14.75%截断点判定患者NYHAP积分高于4.5分的灵敏度为87.45%,特异度为72%,Youden指数最高为0.653。结论 左心室应变和扭转与冠心病患者心脏功能水平相关,可以有效评价冠心病患者的临床心脏功能水平。  相似文献   
7.
8.

Purpose

Lumbar laminectomy affects spinal stability in shear loading. However, the effects of laminectomy on torsion biomechanics are unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of laminectomy on torsion stiffness and torsion strength of lumbar spinal segments following laminectomy and whether these biomechanical parameters are affected by disc degeneration and bone mineral density (BMD).

Methods

Ten human cadaveric lumbar spines were obtained (age 75.5, range 59–88). Disc degeneration (MRI) and BMD (DXA) were assessed. Disc degeneration was classified according to Pfirrmann and dichotomized in mild or severe. BMD was defined as high BMD (≥median BMD) or low BMD (<median BMD). Laminectomy was performed either on L2 (5×) or L4 (5×). Twenty motion segments (L2–L3 and L4–L5) were isolated. The effects of laminectomy, disc degeneration and BMD on torsion stiffness (TS) and torsion moments to failure (TMF) were studied.

Results

Load–displacement curves showed a typical bi-phasic pattern with an early torsion stiffness (ETS), late torsion stiffness (LTS) and a TMF. Following laminectomy, ETS decreased 34.1 % (p < 0.001), LTS decreased 30.1 % (p = 0.027) and TMF decreased 17.6 % (p = 0.041). Disc degeneration (p < 0.001) and its interaction with laminectomy (p < 0.031) did significantly affect ETS. In the mildly degenerated group, ETS decreased 19.7 % from 7.6 Nm/degree (6.4–8.4) to 6.1 Nm/degree (1.5–10.3) following laminectomy. In the severely degenerated group, ETS decreased 22.3 % from 12.1 Nm/degree (4.6–21.9) to 9.4 Nm/degree (5.6–14.3) following laminectomy. In segments with low BMD, TMF was 40.7 % (p < 0.001) lower than segments with high BMD [34.9 Nm (range 23.7–51.2) versus 58.9 Nm (range 43.8–79.2)].

Conclusions

Laminectomy affects both torsion stiffness and torsion load to failure. In addition, torsional strength is strongly affected by BMD whereas disc degeneration affects torsional stiffness. Assessment of disc degeneration and BMD pre-operatively improves the understanding of the biomechanical effects of a lumbar laminectomy.  相似文献   
9.
Approximately 50% of infant and toddler long bone fractures are attributed to non-accidental trauma; however, differentiating from benign mechanisms is subjective, due to an absence of evidence-based diagnostic tools. Previous studies investigated small ranges of rotational velocities in animal long bone models, although did not report the variation in the spiral fracture angle. This study considered the fracture angle as a potential clinical measure, correlating this data with a wider range of rotational velocities. The spiral fracture angle was measured relative to the long axis, whilst noting the narrowest diaphysial diameter, location of the fracture, and the extent of comminution and periosteal disruption. Twenty-six bones failed in spiral fracture, with the potting material failing in the remaining tests. All spiral fractures centred on the narrowest diaphysial diameter. Slower rotational velocities caused fracture angles approaching 45°, whereas fractures at greater velocities caused fracture angles nearer 30°. A relatively strong trend (R2 = 0.78) is reported when the normalised fracture angle (against the narrowest diaphysial dimension) was plotted against the rotational rate. A relationship has been identified between the angle of spiral fracture and the rotational velocity using the immature bovine metatarsal model. This trend forms a scientific foundation from which to explore developing a diagnostic, evidence-based tool that may ultimately serve to assist differentiating between accidental and non-accidental injury.  相似文献   
10.
目的:探索金威消石颗粒对小鼠痛阈值的影响及对醋酸致小鼠扭体反应的作用。方法:ICR小鼠60只随机分入金威消石颗粒低、中、高剂量组、阳性药组和对照组,分别经胃灌注不同剂量金威消石颗粒、双氯芬酸钠溶液和蒸馏水,以平板法检测各小鼠给药前及给药后1,2,3,5h的痛阈值。另取ICR小鼠60只,随机分入上述5组,以上法经胃灌注上述液体,每日1次,连续7d。于末次给药后1h,各小鼠由腹腔注射0.7%醋酸溶液0.2mL,计数注射后20min内各小鼠的扭体次数。结果:金威消石颗粒各剂量组在给药后2,3,5h时的痛阈值均明显高于对照组(P<0.01);各剂量组3h和5h痛阈值明显高于各组给药前基础痛阈值和1h痛阈值(P<0.01)。金威消石颗粒各剂量组醋酸致小鼠的平均扭体次数均明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:金威消石颗粒可提高ICR小鼠热板法痛阈值,减少醋酸致小鼠的扭体次数,具有明显的镇痛作用。  相似文献   
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