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1.
Carmen Freire Esperanza Amaya Fernando Gil Mario Murcia Sabrina LLop Maribel Casas Martine Vrijheid Aitana Lertxundi Amaia Irizar Guillermo Fernández-Tardón Rafael Vicente Castro-Delgado Nicolás Olea Mariana F. Fernández 《International journal of hygiene and environmental health》2019,222(3):468-478
Objective
To examine the association of placental levels of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), and chromium (Cr) with birth outcomes (birth weight, length, and head circumference, low birth weight [LBW], gestational age, preterm delivery, and small for gestational age [SGA]) in mother-child pairs from the Environment and Childhood (INMA) Project in Spain.Methods
Metal concentrations were measured in placenta tissue samples randomly selected from five INMA cohorts. Data on birth outcomes were obtained from medical records. Associations were assessed in a sub-sample of 327 mother-infant pairs by regression models adjusted for confounding factors and for all metals simultaneously. Effect modification by sex was also evaluated.Results
Elevated placental Cd levels (>5.79 vs. <3.30?ng/g) were associated with reduced birth weight (?111.8?g, 95%CI?=??215.6; ?8.06, p-trend?=?0.01) and length (?0.62?cm, 95%CI?=??1.20; ?0.04, p-trend?=?0.02), while a 10% increase in Cd was associated with 1.21-fold increased odds (95%CI?=?1.01; 1.43) of LBW in the global sample but with 14% lower odds (95%CI?=?0.78; 0.96) of preterm delivery in males (Pinteraction?=?0.10). Detected (vs. undetected) Hg was associated with reduced head circumference (?0.49?cm, 95%CI?=??1.00; 0.03) in females (Pinteraction?=?0.03). A 10% increase in placental Mn was associated with slight increases in gestational age (0.04 weeks, 95%CI?=?0.01; 0.07) in the global sample and in head circumference (0.05?cm, 95%CI?=??0.01; 0.10) in females (Pinteraction?=?0.03). Elevated Cr levels (>99.6 vs. <56.1?ng/g) were associated with reduced birth length (?0.68?cm, 95%CI?=??1.33; ?0.04, p-trend?=?0.02) and slightly increased gestational age (0.35 weeks, 95%CI?=??0.07; 0.77, p-trend?=?0.08) in the global sample. As and Pb were detected in few placentas (27% and 13%, respectively) and were not associated with any studied birth outcome.Conclusions
Data suggest that in utero exposure to Cd, Hg, and Cr could adversely affect fetal growth, whereas Mn and Cr appear to have a positive effect on gestational age. Given the relatively small number of subjects, sex-specific associations should be interpreted with caution. 相似文献2.
《Placenta》2019
ObjectiveAcute funisitis (AF) is most commonly associated with acute chorioamnionitis (AC) and ascending infection. The significance of cases of AF without associated AC or isolated funisitis (IF) is unknown. Our objective was to evaluate clinical and pathologic features of IF and to determine its significance.Study designThis was a retrospective review of placentas of patients delivering at our institution from 1997 to 2017. Placentas with the diagnosis of IF comprised the study population and placentas without either AF or AC served as controls.ResultsThere were 156 cases and 181 controls identified. Maternal age, gestational age, birthweight and mode of delivery were similar in both groups. 132 (84.6%) of cases of IF had meconium, with 62 (47.0%) having meconium only in the membranes, 36 (27.3%) in the membranes and cord and 34 (25.6%) in the membranes and cord with associated myonecrosis. 72 (38.7%) of controls had microscopically identified meconium, with only one (1.4%) showing meconium in the cord. None had myonecrosis (p < .001). There was also a significantly higher rate of intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD) in the IF group (p = .027). but the rate of suspected Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) was significantly greater in the controls (p = .014).ConclusionIF is highly associated with the presence of meconium discharge and meconium-associated myonecrosis of umbilical vessels. The inflammation in IF may be the result of damage to the muscle fibers of the cord due to meconium but additional studies are necessary to understand the significance of these findings. 相似文献
3.
目的分析早期剖宫产瘢痕妊娠(CSP)的MRI表现,以提高对这类产科危重症诊断的准确性。方法2017年1月至2019年6月期间,对我院经过手术和病理证实的剖宫产手术后宫腔内瘢痕处早期妊娠的22例患者的MRI资料进行回顾性分析,所有患者均采用MR平扫+增强进行检查,将MRI表现与手术、病理所见进行对照分析。结果单纯孕囊型患者21例,团块型病灶患者1例。瘢痕区呈深V状5例,深U状14例,线或细带状3例。孕囊外壁T2WI可显示低信号线11例,孕囊内壁显示低信号线12例。DWI孕囊呈环状混杂等高信号。增强扫描孕囊呈轻中度环状强化。T2WI、DWI、T1WI增强序列对囊壁内外壁的显示有不同的价值。结论MRI多序列扫描,有助于综合判读孕囊绒毛膜与瘢痕接触的程度,推测孕囊可能的植入部位,对于孕早期CSP诊断具有重要价值。 相似文献
4.
目的探讨MR对胎盘植入产前治疗方案选择的应用价值。方法回顾性分析29例确诊为胎盘植入的产前MRI图像,观察指标包括胎盘植入部位、胎盘植入附着面的最大径线D_1、D_1与胎盘最大径线D_2比值D_(1/2)、胎盘植入部位T2WI低信号影距离子宫肌层的长度L_1、L_1与胎盘厚度L_2比值L_(1/2)及胎盘植入部位T2WI低信号基底宽R。针对子宫切除与否,采用Fisher精确概率检验、独立样本t检验和ROC曲线对各参数进行统计学分析。结果胎盘植入部位(P=1.000)、基底宽R(t=1.08,P=0.299)对子宫切除与否的均数比较差异不具有统计学意义;D_1(t=4.44,P=0.001)、D_(1/2)(t=6.04,P=0.000)、L_1(t=5.05,P=0.000)、L_(1/2)(t=4.77,P=0.000)两者之间均数差别具有统计学意义,子宫切除的临界值分别为72.75mm、0.205、17.50mm、0.409,其相应ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.922、0.956、0.944、0.917。结论 MR对胎盘植入产前治疗方案的选择具有一定参考价值。 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
目的探讨高危孕妇胎盘植入的临床危险因素及MRI价值征象。方法91例高危孕妇,年龄23~44岁、平均年龄32岁;孕周27~38.5周、平均孕周36.2周;分别分析临床资料及MRI宫内征象1)胎盘异常增厚及胎盘内T2WI低信号带;2)胎盘与肌层分界线不连续或中断;3)子宫肌层变薄及局部膨隆。最终诊断结果均经手术及病理证实。采用卡方检验比较临床高危因素及MRI宫内征象在总体胎盘植入与对照组间以及MRI宫内征象在胎盘植入组内的统计学差异。结果41/91例为胎盘植入,其中26例浅植入(胎盘粘连)、13例胎盘深植入、2例胎盘穿透,余50例阴性。临床资料剖宫产和/或流产史次数大于等于2次、前置胎盘以及上述MRI宫内征象在总体胎盘植入组间均具有统计学差异(P<0.05)。其中胎盘T2WI低信号带(P=0.015)、胎盘与肌层分界线不连续或中断(P=0.007)、子宫肌层变薄(P=0.000)及局部膨隆(P=0.006)在胎盘植入组内具有统计学差异。结论剖宫产和/或流产史次数大于等于2次及前置胎盘是高危孕妇胎盘植入的临床危险因素。上述MRI宫内征象均为高危孕妇胎盘植入的价值征象。其中胎盘与肌层分界线不连续或中断,是胎盘浅植入的敏感征象。除胎盘异常增厚外,余下MRI宫内价值征象出现越多,提示胎盘植入越深,危险性越大。 相似文献
8.
《Taiwanese journal of obstetrics & gynecology》2020,59(6):842-847
ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate whether state and trait anxiety among pregnant women were associated with fetoplacental Doppler findings, abnormal placental pathology, and placental angiogenic factors.Materials and methodsA total of 102 pregnant women at 32–35 gestational weeks were recruited and examined prospectively. State and trait anxiety were measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Using Doppler ultrasound, pulsatility index (PI) of the umbilical artery (UA), middle cerebral artery (MCA), and uterine artery (UtA) and cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) were determined. Doppler parameters were converted into multiples of the median (MoM). Abnormal placental pathology was classified into 2 groups: vascular underperfusion (VU) and histological chorioamnionitis (HCA). Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to examine placental cells staining positive for placental growth factor (PLGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1-α (HIF-1α), which are markers for angiogenesis and hypoxic status, respectively.ResultsWomen with high state anxiety scores had low MCA-PI MoM and CPR MoM, while those with high trait anxiety scores had low MCA-PI MoM. VU was associated with a higher incidence of high trait anxiety scores, and HCA was associated with a higher incidence of high state and trait anxiety scores. Regression analysis showed a relationship between maternal state anxiety on MCA-PI MoM and HCA after controlling for covariates. Maternal trait anxiety exhibited relationships with VU and HCA after adjustment.ConclusionOur results demonstrated that maternal anxiety is associated with altered fetal cerebral blood flow and abnormal placental pathology but is not associated with uteroplacental insufficiency and placental angiogenic factors. 相似文献
9.
Using JEG-3 and BeWo cells, we examined the effect of “real life” mixtures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), at doses reported in maternal blood (Mix I) and in placental tissue (Mix II), on human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), placental lactogen (hPL) and placental growth factor (hPLGF) secretion, protein expression and immunolocalization. Additionally, the action of PAH mixtures on basal and hormone-stimulated matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein expression was evaluated. Under basal conditions, the PAH mixtures increased hCG and decreased hPLGF levels in both cell lines, while hPL expression was stimulated in JEG-3 and inhibited in BeWo. There was no effect on the MMP-2/MMP-9 ratio or VEGF expression. In hormone-stimulated cells, PAH mixtures changed the MMP-2/MMP-9 ratio in JEG-3 cells in favor of MMP-9, while in BeWo MMP-2 was favored. The effect on VEGF expression was cell specific and dependent on the mixture. In hCG-treated cells, only Mix II inhibited VEGF expression in JEG-3 cells. Neither PAH mixtures affected this protein in BeWo cells. In hPL-treated cells, Mix I had a stimulatory effect in JEG-3 cells, while Mix II exerted an inhibitory effect in BeWo cells. In hPLGF-treated cells, Mix II decreased in JEG-3 cells, but in BeWo cells, both mixtures increased VEGF expression. Considering that the evaluated protein hormones play crucial roles in angiogenesis and neovascularization in the placenta, “real life” PAH mixtures by disrupting protein hormones levels, the MMP-2/MMP-9 ratio and VEGF expression can lead to insufficiency and many pregnancy-related disorders. 相似文献
10.