Ovarian and peritoneal psammocarcinoma: Results of a multicenter study on 25 patients

PurposePsammocarcinoma (PK) is a rare disease of unknown origin. We aimed to report the characteristics, management and survival of patients operated on for PK within the French Network for Rare Peritoneal Malignancies (RENAPE) expert centers.Patients and methodsAll consecutive cases of PK operated within all 26 RENAPE centers between 1997 and 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsTwenty-five patients were identified. The median age was 53 years [range 17–78]. None of the patients had extra peritoneal metastases at diagnosis. A median of 6 cycles of carboplatin-based systemic chemotherapy was delivered in 52% preoperatively (n = 13) and 56% postoperatively (n = 14); associated with placlitaxel for 12 patients. All patients were operated on. The median PCI was 23 [0–33]. Eighty-four percent had a complete cytoreductive surgery through digestive (n = 7), spleen (n = 3), pancreas (n = 1) resections and/or multiple peritonectomies (n = 11). Five patients (20%) had intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Morbidity (Dindo-Clavien ≥3) was 12%. No postoperative death occurred. After a median follow-up of 42 months (range [2–194]), the median overall (OS) and progression-free (DFS) survival times were respectively 128 months and 31 months. Eighteen patients recurred (72%), mainly in the peritoneum (n = 16). Four of them (22%) were reoperated. The 5 and 10-year DFS rates were both 20.3%. The 5 and 10-year OS rates were 62% and 51.7%, respectively. A complete cytoreductive surgery was associated with a better OS and DFS in a univariate analysis.ConclusionComplete cytoreductive surgery is the cornerstone of the PK's management as a primary treatment. Recurrence remains common and new adjuvant strategies seem needed.     

Effect of Scavenging Circulating Reactive Carbonyls by Oral Pyridoxamine in Uremic Rats on Peritoneal Dialysis

Pyridoxamine, a reactive carbonyl (RCO) scavenger, can ameliorate peritoneal deterioration in uremic peritoneal dialysis (PD) rats when given via dialysate. We examined the effects of scavenging circulating RCOs by oral pyridoxamine. Rats underwent nephrectomy and 3 weeks of twice daily PD either alone or with once daily oral pyridoxamine. PD solution was supplemented with methylglyoxal, a major glucose‐derived RCO, to quench intraperitoneal pyridoxamine. Oral pyridoxamine achieved comparable blood and dialysate pyridoxamine concentrations, suppressed pentosidine accumulation in the blood but not in the mesenterium or dialysate, and reduced the increases in small solute transport and mesenteric vessel densities, with no effects on submesothelial matrix layer thickening or serum creatinine. Thus, reducing circulating RCOs by giving oral pyridoxamine with PD provides limited peritoneal protection. However, orally given pyridoxamine efficiently reaches the peritoneal cavity and would eliminate intraperitoneal RCOs. Oral pyridoxamine is more clinically favorable and may be as protective as intraperitoneal administration.     

卵巢移位联合腹膜阴道延长对卵巢癌患者免疫功能及性生活质量的影响

目的:探讨卵巢移位联合腹膜阴道延长对卵巢癌患者免疫功能及性生活质量的影响。方法:选择2012年4月至2014年12月本院收治的宫颈癌患者80例,按照随机数字法分为两组,各40例,对照组实施常规宫颈癌根治术,观察组在对照组基础上行卵巢移位及腹膜阴道延长。随访12个月。统计两组术后6个月女性性功能质量,干预前后两组免疫球蛋白变化情况,术后6个月时患者阴道长度、开始性生活时间及治疗期间发生并发症情况。结果:观察组性欲望、性兴奋、性高潮、疼痛、阴道潮湿和性满意度6项得分均高于对照组(P0.05),观察组性功能质量评分显著高于对照组(P0.05);干预后两组IgM、Ig G和Ig A水平低于干预前(P0.05),干预后观察组IgM、Ig G和Ig A水平低于干预后对照组(P0.05);观察组术后阴道长度长于对照组(P0.05),开始性生活时间早于对照组(P0.05);观察组发生术后尿潴留、卵巢功能减退、术后阴道狭窄及骨质疏松整体比例低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:卵巢移位联合腹膜阴道延长能有效提高卵巢癌根治术患者术后性生活质量,提高患者机体免疫功能,减少术后因临床功能不全或丧失导致的并发症。     

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma presenting as hemoperitoneum mimicking hepatocellular carcinoma rupture

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) is a pleomorphic mesenchynal sarcoma. It is uncommonly arises primarily from the intra-peritoneal cavity. Primary peritoneal MFH with tumor bleeding and rupture is rare. We describe the imaging features of a 70-year-old patient presenting with ruptured hemorrhagic peritoneal MFH at subhepatic area,accompanied by massive hemoperitoneum,mimicking a ruptured pedunculated hepatocellular carcinoma. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a large heterogeneous enhanced subhepatic mass with adjacent liver,gallbladder and colon invasion. Tumor hemorrhage and rupture complicated with peritoneal seeding and massive bloody ascites were also detected. Angiography showed a hypervascular tumor fed by enlarged right hepatic arteries,cystic artery and omental branches of gastroepiploic artery. The patient underwent laparotomy for tumor resection,but the tumor recurred one month after operation. To our knowledge,the CT appearance of ruptured intraperitoneal MFH complicated by hemoperitoneum has not been previously described.     

Retained surgical sponge after laparotomy

Erosion of a retained surgical sponge into the intestine is an unusual occurrence and may make its appearance months or years later. The demonstration of a distended bowel by the barium-impregnated mass with multiple polypoidal filling defects in a patient who has undergone previous laparotomy should lead the physician to suspect a retained surgical sponge. Surgical intervention is rewarding.     

腹腔镜术中CO2气腹对腹膜及腹腔内环境的影响

近年腹腔镜手术在妇科领域广泛应用.与传统开腹手术相比,腹腔镜手术在二维影像下操作,需要以气腹暴露手术视野.随着腹腔镜手术例数的增加及手术范围的扩大,逐渐认识了腹腔镜手术并发症,如二氧化碳(CO2)气腹可导致腹膜间皮细胞肿胀、连接中断及基底膜裸露,可抑制腹腔内巨噬细胞、自然杀伤(NK)细胞和T淋巴细胞活性等.综述腹腔镜手...     

人腹膜中间充质干细胞生物学特性的初步研究

目的探讨人腹膜中是否含有间充质干细胞（Mesenchymal stem cells,MSC）,并研究其生物学特性。方法腹膜取自接受胃大部切除及腹腔淋巴结清扫术的胃癌患者。将腹膜剪碎,Ⅰ型胶原酶消化后以低密度接种,2周后计算细胞群中成纤维细胞集落形成单位（Colony-forming unit-fibroblast,CUF-F）数量;流式细胞分析贴壁细胞表型;定向诱导2周后,碱性磷酸酶和油红O染色,观察细胞体外成骨和成脂肪能力。结果贴壁的细胞呈成纤维细胞样,消化的腹膜细胞群中,CFU-F比例平均为0.574‰（0.26‰～0.84‰）。流式分析显示,细胞均一表达CD29、CD44和CD73,不表达CD31、CD34和CD45。成骨细胞定向诱导后,细胞呈现碱性磷酸酶活性;成脂诱导后细胞内出现脂肪滴,油红O染色阳性。结论人腹膜中富含MSC,可作为一个含有生物支架的干细胞来源。     

膀胱及其腹膜子宫内膜异位症的诊断和处理

目的探讨盆腔子宫内膜异位症病灶在膀胱及其腹膜的发病特点以及腹腔镜用于诊断和手术治疗的注意事项。方法回顾分析了2001年1月至2010年12月中山大学附属第三医院和广东省人民医院3297例采用腹腔镜或开腹手术诊断为子宫内膜异位症患者的临床资料。结果膀胱腹膜的子宫内膜异位症的发生率为29．5％,其中红色病灶占25．7％,蓝色病灶63．2％,白色病灶占11．1％。红色病灶多存在于Ⅱ期（P〈0．05）,蓝色病灶多存在于Ⅱ（P〈0．05）和Ⅲ期（P‘〈0．05）,白色病灶多存在于Ⅳ期（P〈0．01）。蓝色病灶部位常引起膜状粘连（P〈0．05）,而白色病灶部位常引起紧密粘连（P〈0．05）。5例紧密粘连患者在腹腔镜手术中采用单极电凝行粘连松解,因膀胱破损或可疑破损而行病变部位切除加修补术。7例膀胱子宫内膜异位症,其中5例行腹腔镜下膀胱部分切除术,术后均无复发。结论膀胱腹膜是子宫内膜异位症中后期的常见病变部位,紧密粘连是腹腔镜手术引起膀胱破损的主要因素。     

人腹膜间皮细胞的改良分离及其鉴定

背景：腹膜间皮细胞作为腹膜的重要组分,分泌多种细胞因子,在参与抗炎、免疫调节、腹膜纤维化等方面起着重要作用,如何获得优质、均一的腹膜间皮细胞成为解决这些问题的关键。 目的：拟建立改良的人腹膜间皮细胞消化培养法。 方法：0.1%胶原酶Ⅰ消化腹部大网膜组织,去除红细胞后用含体积分数为10%胎牛血清的1640培养基培养。在培养过程中以倒置显微镜观察细胞形态变化,CCK-8观察培养液对间皮细胞生长的促进作用,透射电子显微镜观察细胞超微结构,激光共聚焦免疫荧光鉴定细胞。 结果与结论：分离培养的细胞为多角形,汇合时呈铺路石样排列,培养细胞的纯度达90%以上;生长良好,迅速,可传代至四五代。透射电子显微镜下见细胞表面大量的微绒毛,免疫荧光显示角蛋白、波形蛋白抗原阳性,白细胞CD45、第Ⅷ因子相关抗原阴性;所有被鉴定特征均符合间皮细胞的特点。结果提示胶原酶Ⅰ消化法是一种简单、高效、重复性高的分离腹膜间皮细胞的方法。     

多功能腹膜检查针在结核性腹膜炎诊断中的应用研究

目的评价多功能腹膜检查针在结核性腹膜炎诊断中的应用价值。方法2001年1月至2005年9月对第二军医大学附属上海长征医院消化内科收治的27例结核性腹膜炎住院患者中19例用自制多功能腹膜检查针行腹膜活检,并与患者的临床表现、辅助检查、腹腔镜等检查结果进行比较。结果27例患者中,5例根据症状、体征、血沉、血清和腹水癌抗原(CA125)以及腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)、抗结核抗体、腹水抗酸染色、PPD试验高度考虑结核性腹膜炎,余22例临床诊断依据不足的患者中,19例行腹膜检查针活检,其中14例病理报告提示腹膜结核病,确诊率73.68%,5例病理报告提示纤维组织增生、慢性炎性细胞浸润,不排除腹膜结核病,疑诊率26.32%;另外3例行腹腔镜检查确诊。结论自制多功能腹膜检查针行腹膜活检,操作简单,创伤性小,病理确诊率高,在无腹腔镜的单位或无条件进行腹腔镜检查的疑似结核性腹膜炎患者中,进行该项检查更具实用价值。