医德医风教育的思考与体会

医德医风是医务人员的职业道德风尚,也是社会主义职业道德风尚的组成部分。医务人员的职业道德品质与患者的切身利益密切相关,它直接关系着患者的生命安危,一名合格的医生不仅要有精湛的医术,更重要的是要有一颗仁爱之心,有良好的道德情操。每一名医学生在学校期间就应该培养良好的道德品质,为以后的医学生涯奠定良好的思想基础,因此医德医风教育是医学院校必须重视的,也是至关重要的。     

右手毁损伤二、三指异位再植急诊手再造成功2例

1病例资料 病例1：患者女，18岁。2006年12月5日因操作不慎，右手腕部被注塑机碾轧伤。急送某医院后，该院认为无法再植而准备截肢，病员拒绝截肢要求再植而于半小时后送来我院。检查：全身状况良好，右手及腕部皮肤软组织广泛挤压伤，以手掌、手背为重，大、小鱼际肌、骨间肌及蚓状肌如肉酱样轧烂并从伤口挤出，拇指、腕骨及掌骨粉碎骨折，并伴有缺损，2—4指体完好但无血运。诊断：右手毁损伤。     

气管切开时机对长期机械通气患者影响的Meta分析

目的 评价早期气管切开和延迟气管切开对长期机械通气(prolonged mechanical ventilation,PMV)患者.方法 计算机检索Ovide MEDLINE(1966-2006.07)、EMBASE(1980-2006.07)、Cechrane Database(2006年第2期)、中国Cochrane中心临床对照试验资料数据库,中国生物医学文献光盘数据库(1978-2006.07).手工检索初步入选文献的全文和参考文献中所列的相关文献和杂志、学术会议论文集、学位论文汇编.收集国内外关于不同气管切开时机对PMV患者影响的随机和半随机对照试验,并进行方法学质量评价,用RevMan 4.2软件进行Meta分析.结果 共检索到随机对照试验(randomized controlled trials,RCTs)4个,病例286例;半随机对照实验(quasi-RCTs)1个,病例106例.合并结果显示,早期气管切开可以降低PMV患者的死亡率[RR 0.69,95%CI(0.51,0.95)],减少机械通气(mechanical ventilation,MY)时间[WMD-8.49,95%CI(-15.32,-1.66)]和ICU住院时间[WMD-15.33,95%CI(-24.58,-6.08)],但对医院获得性肺炎的发病率无显著影响[RR0.91,95%CI(0.70,1.18].结论 现有证据表明,早期气管切开可以降低PMV患者的死亡率,减少MV时间和ICU住院时间,但对医院获得性肺炎的发病率没有显著影响.     

雄激素剥夺条件下阻断自噬增加LNCaP细胞凋亡

Objective To investigate the change of apoptosis in LNCaP cells after inhibition of autophagic process under androgen removal conditions. Methods The autophagic level was deter-mined by using confocal microscopy and RT-PCR. The DAPI staining was used to indicate the apopto-sis of LNCaP cells after inhibition of autophagic by 3-MA. Also, Z-VAD-FMK was used to extend the apoptosis results. Results ①Androgen deprivation led to increased autophagy in LNCaP cells. LN-CaP cells cultured in complete medium(CM) presented low autophagic process with 1.9 scores. After 24 hours, the punetate GFP-LC3 structures were accumulated in the cells cultured in serum-free medi-um (SF)(2.64 scores). In contrast, the number of punctate GFP-LC3 remained at a very low level (1.85 scores), when cells were incubated with DHT in SFA(serum-free medium+DHT). Statistical analysis showed the significant difference between SF and SFA (P<0.01). Semiquantitative RT-PCR was employed to examine the mRNA expression of LC3. Indeed, cells grown in the medium without serum had a higher LC3 mRNA expression with the highest at 12 hour time point as compared with the cells grown in CM. DHT treatment reduced the level of LC3 mRNA. ②Blockage of autophagy by 3-MA increased the apoptosis of LNCaP cells. LNCaP cells in SF and SFA just presented a basal level of apoptosis, which is (3.19±1.09)% and (3.01±0.33)% , respectively. Under androgen-free con-ditions, inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA could increase apoptosis significantly(10. 90±2.91%). While Z-VAD-FMK, a pan Caspase inhibitor, was able to suppress this apoptotic process to the level of (1.16±0.52)%, which was statistically significant(P<0.01). Conclusions Androgen removal can lead to the increase of autophagy in LNCaP cells. Moreover, inhibition of autophagy promotes the occurrence of apoptosis.     

54537份血清HIV抗体检测情况的分析

目的 分析近年来广州军区部队医院艾滋病实验室检测ＨＩＶ感染的情况，为部队防治艾滋病提供基本资料。方法 用酶联免疫吸附实验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）和人实验（ＷＢ）对血清进行ＨＩＶ初筛和确认。结果 在５４５３７名不同种类的人群中，共查出１７例ＨＩＶ感染者，检出率为０．３１１／１０万。１９９７年、１９９８年和１９９９年分别在吸毒人群、地方伤病员和吸毒人群中发现ＨＩＶ感染者，感染者以农民居多，占５８．８％，其次干部     

急性呼吸窘迫综合征病人俯卧位通气

20多年以前 ,Ｂｒｙａｎ发现麻醉时病人采用俯卧位通气 ,可以改善氧合状况。随后 2～ 3年的时间内 ,Ｄｏｕｇｌａｓ等人又通过一些小样本试验观察到 ,严重急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ＡＲＤＳ)和其他病因的呼吸衰竭病人 ,采用俯卧位通气可以明显改善氧合。对于不同的病人 ,俯卧位通气改善氧合的程度和时间有较大差异 ,这已被世界范围内的多项研究证实。由于对俯卧位通气改善氧合的机制未达成共识 ,对俯卧位通气的安全性以及可能带来的并发症也缺乏足够的了解 ,因此限制了俯卧位通气的进一步应用。2 0世纪 80年代 ,随着人们对急性肺损伤 (ＡＬＩ) /…     

耐药性癫(癎)发病机制研究进展

癫(癎)是一种神经系统常见病,大部分患者使用目前的抗癫(癎)药物(AEDs)能有效控制,但20 % ～30 % 治疗效果差,称耐药性癫(癎)(intractable epilepsy,IE).     

雄激素剥夺条件下阻断自噬增加LNCaP细胞凋亡

Objective To investigate the change of apoptosis in LNCaP cells after inhibition of autophagic process under androgen removal conditions. Methods The autophagic level was deter-mined by using confocal microscopy and RT-PCR. The DAPI staining was used to indicate the apopto-sis of LNCaP cells after inhibition of autophagic by 3-MA. Also, Z-VAD-FMK was used to extend the apoptosis results. Results ①Androgen deprivation led to increased autophagy in LNCaP cells. LN-CaP cells cultured in complete medium(CM) presented low autophagic process with 1.9 scores. After 24 hours, the punetate GFP-LC3 structures were accumulated in the cells cultured in serum-free medi-um (SF)(2.64 scores). In contrast, the number of punctate GFP-LC3 remained at a very low level (1.85 scores), when cells were incubated with DHT in SFA(serum-free medium+DHT). Statistical analysis showed the significant difference between SF and SFA (P<0.01). Semiquantitative RT-PCR was employed to examine the mRNA expression of LC3. Indeed, cells grown in the medium without serum had a higher LC3 mRNA expression with the highest at 12 hour time point as compared with the cells grown in CM. DHT treatment reduced the level of LC3 mRNA. ②Blockage of autophagy by 3-MA increased the apoptosis of LNCaP cells. LNCaP cells in SF and SFA just presented a basal level of apoptosis, which is (3.19±1.09)% and (3.01±0.33)% , respectively. Under androgen-free con-ditions, inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA could increase apoptosis significantly(10. 90±2.91%). While Z-VAD-FMK, a pan Caspase inhibitor, was able to suppress this apoptotic process to the level of (1.16±0.52)%, which was statistically significant(P<0.01). Conclusions Androgen removal can lead to the increase of autophagy in LNCaP cells. Moreover, inhibition of autophagy promotes the occurrence of apoptosis.     

50例中西医结合治疗单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎的疗效观察和护理

目的:观察中西医结合用药对单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎的治疗效果.方法:50例单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎患者分成观察组25例(29只眼)和对照组25例(28只眼);对照组按照常规局部用利巴韦林眼液、加替沙星眼液、更昔洛韦眼膏,口服维生素B2,维生素C,维生素AD丸,阿昔洛韦片及静脉滴注病毒唑针.观察组常规加中药方剂治疗.进行疗效对比观察.结果:观察组治愈27眼,显效2眼,治愈时间(7±2.3)d.1年复发率为3.5%;对照组治愈20眼,显效4眼,无效4眼,治愈时间(20±3.6)d,1年复发率为34.5%.2组治疗效果、治愈时间、复发率差异有显著性(P＜0.01,P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论:中西医结合治疗单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎,结合动态护理.可显著提高疗效,大大缩短疗程,大大减少复发,节省了医疗费用.     

妊娠疱疹一例报告

妊娠疱疹(Herpes Gestationis)是一种极为少见的孕妇疾病,大约每10000次分娩有一例发生。我们于1986年收治1例,报道如下: 病例摘要 韩某,女,26岁,因全身起水疱、瘙痒,伴口腔糜烂三个月住院。患者于产后第三天开始右腋下起水疱,瘙痒,皮损发展至四肢,腹部、后背、臀部,