黄酮类化合物抗小鼠血液过氧化物作用的实验研究

目的 观察黄酮类化合物对小鼠血液的SOD、MDA和CAT水平的影响。方法 采用昆明种小鼠随机分为空白组、高剂量组、中剂量组、低剂量组，各组小鼠每天给从银杏液中提取的已稀释成0．25g／m1黄酮类化合物1次，给药23d后，各小鼠断头取血，肝素抗凝，测定SOD、MDA、CAT。结果 黄酮类化合物能够明显提高血液的SOD和CAT的活性而减少MDA的含量。结论 黄酮类化合物具有抗氧化、防衰老的作用。     

丹参对家兔实验性动脉粥样硬化预防作用的研究

丹参预防组主动脉斑块面积占主动脉总面积的百分比为（１９．８５±１１．７９％），明显小于动脉粥样硬化（ＡＳ）模型组（３７．７９±１０．８０％），Ｐ＜０．０５。丹参有显著保护超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性和清除脂质过氧化物中间产物丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）的作用。丹参能明显抑制在高脂条件下３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入培养的平滑肌（ＳＭＣ），抑制ＳＭＣ、ＤＮＡ合成。本研究初步探讨了丹参抑制家兔实验性ＡＳ病变发生发展的作用机制。     

The Oxidant-Antioxidant Balance in Mild Asthmatic Patients

We investigated the oxidant-antioxidant balance and the effect of inhaled corticosteroids on this balance in mild stable asthmatics. Included in the study were 30 mild asthmatic patients (11 male, 19 female, mean age (year) ± SD: 35.1 ± 9.7) and 26 healthy adults (7 male, 19 female, mean age (year) ± SD: 40.8 ± 13.3). In all study groups, the peripheral venous blood samples were taken for plasma malonyldialdehyde (MDA), a parameter of lipid peroxidation caused by the oxidants, and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), an antioxidant enzyme. The mean plasma MDA level was lower in the asthmatic group (5.7 ± 1.2 nmol/ml) than in the healthy group (6.3 ± 1.7 nmol/ml); and the mean erythrocyte SOD level was higher in asthmatic group (1086.4 ± 247.4 U/gHb) than in the healthy group (1028.0 ± 230.0 U/gHb). However, there were no significant differences in measurements of both plasma MDA levels and erythrocyte SOD enzyme activities between the groups (respectively, p = 0.1 and p = 0.4). When asthmatic patients were divided into subgroups as inhaled steroid user and no inhaled steroid user, no significant differences were observed in the measurements of either plasma MDA level or erythrocyte SOD enzyme activity between the mentioned subgroups. According to the results of our study, we can say that oxidant-antioxidant balance is not significantly affected in mild asthmatics or measurement of plasma level of MDA and erythrocyte SOD enzyme activity is not sensitive to the oxidant-antioxidant balance in mild asthmatics.     

降压灵对自发性高血压大鼠血清中MDA、SOD、NO的影响

目的本试验通过观察降压灵对自发性高血压大鼠血清中的丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、一氧化氮（NO）的影响,进而探讨降压灵的降压机理。方法取Wistar组、SHR组、复方罗布麻组、降压灵小剂量组、中剂量组、大剂量组大鼠血清,用752分光光度计测定血清中的NO、MDA含量以及SOD活性。结果降压灵可以显著的提高血清中SOD活性和NO含量,降低血清中MDA含量。结论降压灵有扩张血管、清除超氧自由基和抗氧化作用。     

灯盏花素对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤后SOD和细胞凋亡的影响

目的:研究灯盏花素对大鼠脑缺血再灌注(I-R)损伤后超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和细胞凋亡的影响。方法:实验分为5组,即假手术、I-R、MgSO4及灯盏花素高、低剂量组。采用线栓法制备大鼠脑I-R损伤模型,观察大鼠脑组织和血清SOD活性,以及脑细胞凋亡情况。结果:与假手术组比较,I-R组大鼠脑组织和血清中SOD活性显著降低(P<0.01),脑细胞凋亡率显著升高(P<0.01);与I-R组比较,灯盏花素高、低剂量组大鼠脑组织和血清中SOD活性显著增强(P<0.01),脑细胞凋亡率显著降低(P<0.01)。结论:灯盏花素对脑I-R损伤模型大鼠有保护作用,其机制可能与增强SOD活性和减少细胞凋亡等作用有关。     

水芹乙酸乙酯提取物对大鼠心肌缺血和缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用研究

目的:研究水芹乙酸乙酯提取物对大鼠心肌缺血和缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法:使用线栓法复制急性心肌缺血和缺血再灌注损伤模型。缺血前5min静脉注射水芹乙酸乙酯提取物,动态观察模型大鼠心电图的变化,测定心肌缺血引起的心律失常和心肌梗死面积、心肌缺血再灌注引起心律失常情况、血浆中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果:水芹乙酸乙酯提取物可显著对抗心肌缺血引起的心律失常和缩小心肌梗死面积;可显著对抗心肌缺血再灌注损伤引起的心律失常,提高血浆中SOD活性和降低MDA含量。结论:水芹乙酸乙酯提取物对大鼠心肌缺血和缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用,其机制可能与抗过氧化作用有关。     

七叶皂苷钠对油酸制备大鼠急性肺损伤模型的干预研究

目的探讨七叶皂苷钠对油酸诱导大鼠急性肺损伤模型的干预作用。方法♂SD大鼠54只随机分为5组,分别为正常对照组、注射七叶(非油酸造模)组、油酸造模组、甲基强的松龙组和七叶皂苷钠组。采用鼠尾静脉缓慢注射油酸(OA,0.1ml.kg-1)复制大鼠急性肺损伤模型,模型复制成功后按相应措施处理观察并取血取材检测相关指标。观察检测指标有肺组织形态学、肺湿/干重(W/D)、光镜下半定量肺损伤评分(IQA)、血气分析动脉血氧分压(PaO2)、血浆及肺组织匀浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果①肺组织形态学:七叶皂苷钠组及甲基强的松龙组肺表面充血程度较油酸组明显减轻,气管内粉红色分泌物溢出减少;光镜下,七叶皂苷钠组及甲基强的松龙组较油酸造模组肺泡腔内炎症细胞渗出减轻;②肺湿/干重(W/D):油酸造模组W/D较空白对照组明显升高,七叶皂苷钠组及甲基强的松龙组W/D较油酸造模组明显降低;③光镜下半定量肺损伤评分(IQA):油酸造模组IQA较空白对照组明显升高,七叶皂苷钠组及甲基强的松龙组IQA较油酸造模组明显降低;④血气分析动脉血氧分压(PaO2):油酸造模组PaO2较空白对照组明显降低,七叶皂苷钠组及甲基强的松龙组PaO2较油酸造模组升高;⑤血浆及肺组织匀浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量:油酸造模组血浆及肺组织SOD活性较空白对照组明显降低,七叶皂苷钠组及甲基强的松龙组血浆和肺组织SOD活性较油酸造模组明显升高;油酸造模组血浆及肺组织MDA含量较空白对照组明显升高,七叶皂苷钠组及甲基强的松龙组血浆和肺组织MDA含量较油酸造模组明显降低。结论七叶皂苷钠通过对急性肺损伤大鼠氧化应急的调节作用,以改善W/D、IQA、PaO2,从而为临床治疗急性肺损伤提供一个可能的途径。     

雷米普利与BQ-123对大鼠在体心肌缺血/再灌注氧化损伤的保护作用

目的研究雷米普利与BQ-123单用及合用对大鼠在体心肌缺血/再灌注损伤的影响,并从氧化-抗氧化角度初步探讨其机制。方法健康♂Wistar大鼠随机分为假手术(Sham)、缺血/再灌注(I/R)、雷米普利(RAM)、BQ-123(BQ)及联合给药(R&B)共5组。除Sham组,其余均行I/R过程。I/R前24h,RAM及R&B组按1mg.kg-1剂量以雷米普利生理盐水溶液灌胃,其余组均以等剂量生理盐水(NS)灌胃;I/R过程中,BQ及R&B组按10μg.kg-1.min-1,于缺血前10min至缺血30min末用注射泵恒速左侧股静脉输入BQ-123生理盐水溶液2ml,其余组均以等剂量NS持续静脉输入。观察动物心率、血压、心电图ST-段变化,记录缺血期室性心律失常(VA);TTC染色检测心肌梗死情况;比色法检测心肌组织中总-超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、锰-超氧化物歧化酶(Mn-SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活力及丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果与I/R组比较,各给药组ST-段抬高幅度均明显降低、缺血期VA出现时间明显推迟且持续时间明显缩短、心律失常发生率均明显下降、梗死面积明显缩小、心肌组织T-SOD、Mn-SOD及CAT活力均明显升高、MDA含量明显下降。与单用药组比较,联合给药组在VA出现及持续时间、梗死面积、T-SOD和Mn-SOD活力及MDA含量方面变化更为明显。结论雷米普利、BQ-123单用及联合应用均对大鼠在体心肌缺血/再灌注损伤有保护作用,且两药合用在推迟缺血期VA的出现时间,缩短其持续时间,缩小心肌梗死面积,提高心肌组织SOD活力,降低MDA含量方面优于两药各自单用。     

表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯对博莱霉素所致大鼠肺纤维化的干预作用及其机制研究

目的观察表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)对实验性大鼠肺纤维化的干预作用及可能的作用机制。方法大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、醋酸泼尼松组和EGCG大、中、小剂量组。通过气管内注入博莱霉素(BLM)复制大鼠肺纤维化模型,于造模后d 2各治疗组开始给药,给药后d7、14、28处死大鼠,取肺组织,观察形态学变化,并测定生化指标。结果EGCG能减少实验性肺纤维化大鼠肺组织中胶原沉积及降低肺系数(P<0.05,P<0.01),提高T-AOC、SOD水平(P<0.05,P<0.01),减轻肺部的病理损害。结论EGCG对BLM诱导产生的大鼠肺纤维化有一定的抑制作用。     

Contribution of liver mitochondrial membrane-bound glutathione transferase to mitochondrial permeability transition pores

We recently reported that the glutathione transferase in rat liver mitochondrial membranes (mtMGST1) is activated by S-glutathionylation and the activated mtMGST1 contributes to the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore and cytochrome c release from mitochondria [Lee, K.K., Shimoji, M., Quazi, S.H., Sunakawa, H., Aniya, Y., 2008. Novel function of glutathione transferase in rat liver mitochondrial membrane: role for cytochrome c release from mitochondria. Toxcol. Appl. Pharmacol. 232, 109-118]. In the present study we investigated the effect of reactive oxygen species (ROS), generator gallic acid (GA) and GST inhibitors on mtMGST1 and the MPT. When rat liver mitochondria were incubated with GA, mtMGST1 activity was increased to about 3 fold and the increase was inhibited with antioxidant enzymes and singlet oxygen quenchers including 1,4-diazabicyclo [2,2,2] octane (DABCO). GA-mediated mtMGST1 activation was prevented by GST inhibitors such as tannic acid, hematin, and cibacron blue and also by cyclosporin A (CsA). In addition, GA induced the mitochondrial swelling which was also inhibited by GST inhibitors, but not by MPT inhibitors CsA, ADP, and bongkrekic acid. GA also released cytochrome c from the mitochondria which was inhibited completely by DABCO, moderately by GST inhibitors, and somewhat by CsA. Ca²⁺-mediated mitochondrial swelling and cytochrome c release were inhibited by MPT inhibitors but not by GST inhibitors. When the outer mitochondrial membrane was isolated after treatment of mitochondria with GA, mtMGST1 activity was markedly increased and oligomer/aggregate of mtMGST1 was observed. These results indicate that mtMGST1 in the outer mitochondrial membrane is activated by GA through thiol oxidation leading to protein oligomerization/aggregation, which may contribute to the formation of ROS-mediated, CsA-insensitive MPT pore, suggesting a novel mechanism for regulation of the MPT by mtMGST1.