Vasoconstrictor and pilomotor fibres in skin nerves to the cat's tail

Summary Postganglionic neurones to the tail's skin of the cat were investigated with regard to their spontaneous activity, response characteristics to somatic stimuli and asphyxia, the conduction velocity of their axons, and the conduction velocity of the preganglionic axons converging on them. The cats were anaesthetized with chloralose, immobilized, and arteficially ventilated. With this regimen the postganglionic neurones were divided into two types: 1. Type 1 neurones are spontaneously active and exhibit reflexes upon somatic stimulation. During asphyxia they are mostly first depressed and then excited for about 2–3 min. Their axons conduct with 0.57±0.13 m/s (mean ± SD). The preganglionic axons converging on them conduct with 5.4±1.6 m/s. 2. Type 2 neurones are not spontaneously active and exhibit with few exceptions no reflexes on somatic stimuli. During asphyxia they are activated after 3–4 min, concomitantly with piloerection, when the activity in type 1 neurones is already decreasing. Their axons conduct with 0.84±0.14 m/s, the preganglionic axons converging on them conduct with 9.9±2.9 m/s. 3. From these characteristics it is concluded that type 1 neurones have vasomotor function and most type 2 neurones pilomotor function.     

儿科重症监护病房中影响机械通气成功的相关因素

目的 探讨儿科重症监护病房(PICU)中影响机械通气成功的相关因素。方法 将lll例行机械通气的危重病儿分成治疗成功组与失败组，对其相关因素进行回顾性分析。结果两组患儿在上机前危重病例评分、是否伴有心跳呼吸骤停和(或)休克及并发多系统器官功能衰竭(MODS)等方面差异有权显著意义(P＜0．001)；超过48h的机械通气患儿是否继发呼吸机相关肺炎(VAP)亦有显著意义(P＜0.05)。结论 PICU中影响机械通气成功率的因素主要是原发病的性质及严重程度，并与MODS与VAP有密切关系。     

苏州市单位健康促进工作进展研究

苏州市按照健康促进的原则,加强单位卫生管理,在健康政策、健康环境、社区行动、个人技能、健康服务等方面取得明显进展。笔者认为,政府的组织、多部门参与,建立社区强大的联盟,形成全社会支持的群众性网络,是搞好健康促进的保证,群众性工作是实施健康促进的有效载体,健康促进工作有待于进一步化、科学化和系统化。     

冬虫夏草对巨噬细胞免疫活性的增强作用

 目的:检测冬虫夏草对巨噬细胞免疫活性的影响，探讨其滋补强身作用机理。方法:未用不同浓度虫草水提液与J774巨噬细胞一起作细胞培养，观察细胞吞噬活性的变异情况。结果:细胞吞噬活性明显增强。在药物浓度100μ g·ml^-1到3 000μg·ml^-1范围内都有显著增强效果(P<0.05)。分别增强1.27倍到2. 58倍，峰值在500μg·ml^-1结论:增强机体免疫功能，可能在虫草的滋补强身作用机制中起重要作用。     

In-situ emergency paediatric surgery in the intensive care unit

The role of surgery in the intensive care unit (ICU) remains unclear. Although previously shown not to increase morbidity for patent ductus arteriosus ligation, Broviac catheter insertion, and recently, general neonatal and paediatric surgery, there remains a reluctance to operate on sick patients in the ICU (in-situ surgery, ISS). A retrospective study of 25 critically ill children and neonates who underwent ISS was performed. Surgery was aided by operating loupes and a high-intensity headlight. ISS was not associated with any morbidity, and although a 36% mortality occurred in this small series, in no case was this due to ISS. ISS avoids the risks of transfer to the operating theatre and the potential delays in theatre access. Our results suggest that ISS in a tertiary-level paediatric surgical hospital is safe and does not impact adversely on clinical outcome. Accepted: 7 January 1998     

中医组建卒中单元优势的初步探讨

卒中单元是一种整合医疗,它的组建提高了卒中患者的疗效.笔者通过临床的实践发现中医学在治疗卒中方面与卒中单元有许多共同之处,且存在着一定的优势.笔者认为,应因势利导,在组建卒中单元基础上,发扬中医特色,进一步完善卒中单元.     

ICU分离的铜绿假单胞菌血清分型及耐药性分析

目的确定重症监护室(ICU)铜绿假单胞菌流行菌株血清型别及其对抗菌药物的耐药情况,为研究铜绿假单胞菌感染的控制措施,合理应用抗菌药物提供依据。方法采用日本生研株式会社的铜绿假单胞菌血清分型试剂盒,对某院呼吸内科、神经内科、麻醉科ICU住院患者痰液及相关环境标本中分离的铜绿假单胞菌进行血清学分型及耐药性监测。结果3个ICU共检出铜绿假单胞菌88株,对其中80株进行了血清学分型,分型率90.91%;所占比率较大的血清型为:B型52.27%,G型22.73%,未分型菌9.09%。各型对10种抗菌药物的耐药种类数为:B与G型10种,未分型菌9种,D与E型8种,F型7种,I,M与K型<3种;铜绿假单胞菌对10种抗菌药物总的耐药率分别为:头孢曲松67.05%,阿洛西林61.36%,头孢吡肟44.32%,替卡西林/他唑巴坦54.55%,阿米卡星56.82%,头孢哌酮46.59%,左氧氟沙星54.55%,头孢哌酮/舒巴坦6.82%,亚胺培南55.68%,头孢他啶28.41%;B型菌的耐药率高于其他各型。结论该院ICU铜绿假单胞菌血清分型以B型为主;以多重耐药菌株多见;对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦和头孢他啶耐药率较低,此两种药可作为铜绿假单胞菌感染治疗的首选药物。     

常导型MR磁体温度控制部分原理及故障处理

本文主要介绍常导型MR磁体温度控制部分的组成、原理及常见故障的分析和维修。     

牙科综合治疗机供水系统的改进

一种简易净水装置，解决没有配备滤水装置的牙科综合治疗机经常出现的手机脏堵问题。