Temozolomide plus rituximab in the treatment of recurrent central nervous system lymphoma： Case report and literature review

Objective： The aim of our study was to investigate the treatment of recurrent central nervous system lymphoma. Methods： A case of recurrent central nervous system lymphoma in a 46-year-old male was treated with temozolomide 150 mg/m2 per day for 5 days; rituximab 750 mg/m2 on dl and d8, injected from Ommaya capsule to lateral ventricle, cycles were repeated every 28 days. Results： The patient achieved complete remission and the side effects was light after the treatment. Conclusion： Using this therapy method had certain curative effect on recurrent central nervous system lymphoma. Further studies should be needed on its indication.     

美罗华联合CHOP方案治疗滤泡型非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤1例

[目的]评价美罗华联合CHOP方案治疗滤泡型NHL的临床效果及不良反应.[方法]第1天:美罗华375mg/m2,600 mg静点;地塞米松15 mg静推;第2天:环磷酰胺750 mg/m2,1.2 g静推;长春新碱1.4 mg/m2,2mg静推;法玛新60 mg/m2,110 mg静推;第2～5天:强的松100毫克口服.每21天1周期,连用7周期.[结果]完全缓解.毒副反应主要是骨髓抑制Ⅲ°、口腔炎Ⅲ°、便秘Ⅲ°、脱发Ⅱ°、恶心呕吐I°,可耐受.[结论]美罗华联合CHOP方案治疗滤泡型NHL可获得较好疗效,毒副反应可以耐受,是一个较好的化疗方案.     

Four‐year allograft survival in a highly sensitized combined liver–kidney transplant patient despite unsuccessful anti‐HLA antibody reduction with rituximab,splenectomy, and bortezomib

Although donor‐specific lymphocytotoxic antibodies are regarded as a contraindication for kidney transplantation (KTx), the data available for liver or combined liver or kidney transplantation (cLKTx) are scarce. Here, we report a case of a highly sensitized young man receiving his sixth liver and second kidney graft. Multiple anti‐HLA antibodies were present at the time of transplantation. As a result of suspected antibody‐mediated graft damage, the patient was treated with rituximab, plasmapheresis, intravenous immunoglobulins, splenectomy, and bortezomib to decrease the antibody production. So far, patient and allograft survival has reached 4 years despite failure to achieve a permanent reduction of anti‐HLA antibodies, and particularly nondonor directed antibodies.     

Significance of low-level DSA detected by solid-phase assay in association with acute and chronic antibody-mediated rejection

We sought to clarify the controversial issue of whether detecting low‐level anti‐donor‐specific HLA antibody (HLA‐DSA) by single‐antigen flow‐bead assay (SAFB) may have a potential role in reducing acute and chronic antibody‐mediated rejection (AMR). We retrospectively studied the preoperative serum of ABO‐compatible living kidney transplantation recipients transplanted between 2001 and 2004 by SAFB using a Luminex platform. HLA‐DSA was detected only by SAFB in 24 patients, although all of them showed negative T‐cell and B‐cell complement‐dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) crossmatches. The HLA‐DSA patients went on to have surprisingly high levels of acute and chronic AMR despite being only weakly sensitized (acute AMR, 33.3%; chronic AMR, 41.7%). After 2005, we implemented SAFB routinely and any patient having a positive HLA‐DSA was considered to be a desensitization candidate. The 52 patients found to have HLA‐DSA underwent kidney transplantation after prior treatment with a single dose of rituximab (RIT) and three or four sessions of double‐filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) in addition to regimens commonly used between 2001 and 2004. After 2005, there was a significant reduction in the occurrence of acute and chronic AMR (acute AMR, 4.7%, P < 0.001; chronic AMR, 4.7%, P < 0.001). The 5‐year graft survival rate also improved after implementing SAFB (83.3–98.1%, P = 0.032). The RIT/DFPP‐induction protocol may improve graft survival even in patients with low‐level DSA.     

小剂量利妥昔单抗注射液联合环孢素A治疗难治性ITP的临床观察

目的:探讨小剂量利妥昔单抗注射液(通用名为利妥昔单抗注射液)联合环孢素A治疗难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜(简称难治性ITP)的疗效。方法:38例诊断为难治性ITP患者随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组采用小剂量利妥昔单抗注射液联合环孢素A治疗,对照组采用大剂量地塞米松冲击联合硫唑嘌呤治疗,并评估两组患者的近期及远期疗效和副作用。结果:观察组的近期及远期疗效优于对照组,2组间差异有显著性(P<0.05),除肝功能方面,不良反应的其他指标的比较,2组间差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:小剂量利妥昔单抗注射液联合环孢素A可作为难治性ITP的有效治疗手段之一。     

利妥昔单抗联合CHOP方案治疗弥漫大B细胞性淋巴瘤的多中心临床研究

目的:观察利妥昔单抗联合环磷酰胺、长春新碱、多柔比星及泼尼松(CHOP方案)治疗新诊断的弥漫性大B细胞性淋巴瘤(DLBL)的临床疗效. 方法:2002年4月至2003年2月,共52例病人进入本研究.化疗采用标准的CHOP方案:d 1,环磷酰胺600 mg·m-2,长春新碱1.4 mg·m-2,多柔比星25 mg·m-2,泼尼松60 mg·m-2×5 d,每3 wk一个疗程,共6个疗程.利妥昔单抗静脉滴注剂量为375 mg·m-2,于化疗第一个疗程前2 d开始,每周输注1次(连续输注),连续4次(标准剂量)或6次(增强剂量);或于每疗程的CHOP方案化疗前2 d输注,每3周1次(间隔输注),输注4次(标准剂量)或6次(增强剂量).结果:50例病人进入临床疗效评估, 60 %获得完全缓解,总有效率为 100 %.其中,34例Ann Arbor分期为Ⅲ期或Ⅳ期的病人有15例获得完全缓解,完全缓解率为44 %.50例病人共随访了(8±s 5) wk, 2～30 wk,病人16 wk的无病生存(PFS)率为87 %.标准剂量组和增强剂量组疗效无显著差异,连续输注和间隔输注疗效差异亦无显著意义(P>0.05).所有病人在治疗过程中对本方案均能较好耐受,主要的不良反应为输注相关的不良反应(32 %)和化疗相关的血液学不良反应(20 %). 结论:利妥昔单抗联合CHOP方案可有效用于治疗新诊断的弥漫性大B细胞性淋巴瘤,它具有较高的完全缓解率,而且在治疗中不良反应较小.     

利妥昔单抗相关间质性肺炎的临床分析

目的:分析B 细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤（B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma ,B-NHL）患者行化疗或免疫化疗后发生间质性肺炎（interstitial pneumonia ,IP ）与美罗华（利妥昔单抗注射液）的相关性,并分析IP 发生的临床特征。方法:回顾性分析天津医科大学肿瘤医院2010年1 月至2015年5 月期间266 例初治CD20+B-NHL患者的病例资料,将所有病例分为美罗华联合化疗组和单纯化疗组,分析IP 的发生与美罗华使用之间的关系,及其相关的临床特点。结果:化疗联合美罗华组中IP 的发生率9.6%（13/ 135）较单纯化疗组2.3%（3/ 131）高（P < 0.05）,与IP 发生相关的临床特征包括老年、男性、初诊时淋巴细胞计数高于正常值、既往糖尿病史、病理亚型为弥漫性大B 细胞性淋巴瘤（diffuse large B-cell lymphoma,DLBCL ）;淋巴细胞绝对值超过正常范围（HR= 14.685,95%CI:3.137～63.234,P = 0.001）、糖尿病（HR= 8.811,95%CI:1.907～40.720,P = 0.005）、病理亚型为DLBCL （HR= 0.078,95%CI:0.012～0.489,P = 0.006）及美罗华的使用（HR= 6.769,95%CI:1.359～33.710,P = 0.020）是其发生的独立危险因素。多数患者无明显症状,不需要特殊处理。结论:美罗华可导致IP 的发生,可能与免疫力的降低及真菌感染相关,激素冲击疗法联合或不联合抗真菌治疗能取得良好的疗效。      

131I-rituximab对B细胞淋巴瘤细胞生物学效应的实验研究

目的 研究^131Ⅰ标记的rituximab对CD20高表达的B细胞淋巴瘤细胞的生物学效应,为放射免疫导向治疗提供实验依据。方法 IODO—GEN法将^131Ⅰ标记于抗CD20单抗rituximab,用AnnexinV—FITC／PI双染法检测^131Ⅰ-rituximab对Raji细胞的诱导凋亡作用,PI染色法检测细胞周期分布。结果 AnnexinV—FITC／PI双染法检测凋亡率：^131Ⅰ-rituximab组凋亡率为51．99％,^131Ⅰ组为42．71％．rituximab组为29．42％,对照组为26．17％。对照组和rituximab组凋亡率明显低于^131Ⅰ组和^131Ⅰ—rituximab组（P〈0．05）。PI染色法对比各组的凋亡率（亚二倍体峰）：^131ⅠI-rituximab组细胞凋亡率为4．32％,^131Ⅰ组为1．47％,rituximab组为1．39％,对照组仅0．37％,^131Ⅰ-rituximab组凋亡率明显高于其他各组（P〈0．05）。^131Ⅰ-rituximab组Raji细胞周期发生变化,细胞大部分被阻滞于G1／G2期。结论 ^131Ⅰ-rituximab能够调控Raji细胞的细胞周期并诱导其凋亡,从而抑制Raji细胞增殖。     

美罗华联合CHOP方案治疗侵袭性B细胞淋巴瘤

目的:探讨美罗华联合CHOP方案治疗侵袭性B细胞淋巴瘤疗效。方法:选取患者102例,采用数字表法分为常规组和联合组,分别给予CHOP方案和美罗华联合CHOP方案治疗,评价其治疗有效率和不良反应率。结果:联合组治疗有效性(88.24%)高于常规组(66.67%)(P0.05);两组不良反应率(21.57%vs25.49%)差异对比无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:美罗华联合CHOP方案治疗侵袭性B细胞淋巴瘤相比于常规方案,在不增加患者不良反应率的前提下,可提高患者症状缓解率。