Life-style and bone mineral mass in perimenopausal women

Summary The bone mineral content of the forearms was measured in 395 women, aged 49, and correlated with menarche, menopause, parity, lactation, contraceptives, diet, smoking, and physical activity. Late menarche and early menopause were associated with a lower than average bone mineral content whereas the life-style parameters were not.     

48年来武汉市学龄儿童生长发育动态观察

目的　阐明 48年 ( 195 2～ 2 0 0 0年 )来武汉市学龄儿童生长发育的动态和有关问题 ,为开展学校预防保健工作提供指导。　方法　根据湖北省、武汉市有关部门和单位历年发布的学生生长发育资料 ,统计分析不同年代体格发育指标的生长水平和月经初潮平均年龄及其长期变化 (secularchangeofgrowth)趋势 ;并应用BMI指数 (bodymassindex)分析其体型特点。　结果　男女学生的体格生长水平随年代进展而提高 ,在 195 2～ 2 0 0 0年间 ,男生的身高、体重和胸围均值每 10年分别增长 2 .81cm、2 .39kg和 1.6 8cm ;女生相应的指标分别增长 2 .15cm、1.2 1kg和 1.34cm ;女生月经初潮平均年龄每 10年提前 6 .8个月。由于体重和胸围的增长强度不如身高明显 ,以致学龄儿童体型趋于瘦长。学龄　结论　学龄儿童体格生长水平提高和性成熟年龄提前 ,主要是外界环境因素作用的结果 ,其中以营养等生活条件的改善最为重要。     

Early menarche,depressive symptoms,and coping strategies

During the time around menarche, young women must make many emotional and social adjustments to adapt to a new life stage. We compared depressive symptomatology and coping strategies between early and average maturer Mexican adolescents girls. The relationships between elapsed time since menarche and both depressive symptomatology and coping strategies were also studied. Three hundred eighty post-menarcheal students from 11 to 15 years completed the Children's Depression Scale and the Children's Situational Coping Scale. Early maturers showed more depressive symptoms than their peers, but they reported having used fewer non-productive coping strategies. Early maturers who experienced menarche one to three years previously reported more non-productive coping strategies than those who had experienced menarche four to six years ago. However, no differences were found in the results of the average maturers depending on the time elapsed since menarche. These findings are discussed in light of the psychosocial context of early maturers.     

Association between reproductive variables and metabolic syndrome in chinese community elderly women

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the association between reproductive variables and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among Chinese community elderly women.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study in a Beijing urban district. A two-stage stratified clustering sampling method was used and 1251 elderly women were included.ResultsThe prevalence of MetS was 65.1% in this population. Women with MetS had younger menarche age, a greater number of years after menopause, higher gravidity and parity. The prevalence of MetS showed an increasing trend for tertiles of years after menopause (p = 0.002) and number of children (p < 0.001), while decreasing trend for menarche age (p = 0.021). Logistic regression showed ORs of age at menarche, years after menopause and number of children for MetS were 0.94, 1.40, and 1.36 for second and 0.63, 1.58, and 1.75 for last tertiles.ConclusionThere is strong association between reproductive variables and higher risk of MetS. Simple information on timing of menarche and menopause could help identify women who may have higher risk of getting MetS and take early action to prevent related chronic diseases.     

福建师范大学学生月经初潮与首次遗精年龄调查

目的 了解大学生月经初潮和首次遗精状况,分析与居住地的关系和心理变化情况。方法 采用分层整群抽样及回顾性调查的方法,对福建师范大学学生1146名进行无记名问卷调查。结果 女生月经初潮和男生首次遗精的年龄分别为(13.87±1.36)岁和(15.57±1.69)岁,女生月经初潮年龄存在城乡差异;学生对月经初潮和首次遗精仍有一定的心理压力。结论 在青春期发育前,应对学生进行必要的指导,以缓解他们的心理压力。     

安徽省汉族女生月经初潮与肥胖度关系的研究

目的:了解安徽省汉族女生月经初潮年龄变化情况及不同经济状况地区月经初潮年龄的差异并进一步分析月经初潮年龄与肥胖度的关系。方法:按照2010年全国中小学生体质调研的相关要求,采用分层随机抽样和随机整群抽样方法对安徽省南、北、中3个地区的城乡7～18岁中小学女生共6 840人进行调查,测量身高、体重、腰围、臀围及腹部、上臂、肩胛下皮褶厚度等指标,并对她们是否有月经初潮进行了问卷调查。结果:安徽省汉族女生半数月经初潮平均年龄为12.44岁,与往年相比呈现提前趋势。城乡女生半数月经初潮平均年龄分别为12.39及12.49岁。体质指数、腰高比及3个部位皮下脂肪厚度等指标的均值来潮组均大于未来潮组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:月经初潮年龄与体脂因素关系密切,呈现负相关;应该提前加强中小学生的性教育及让中小学生加强锻炼、控制饮食,减缓月经初潮年龄提前的长期趋势。     

蒙古族地区女性月经初潮母女配对的调查

目的:通过调查通辽市女性月经初潮年龄,建立蒙古族地区汉族和蒙古族女性发育基础数据。方法:采用横断面分层整群抽样方法,在规范调查流程和质量控制标准下于2015年9~12月对本地区3所高中1728名在校女生进行回顾性问卷调查,采集母女月经初潮年龄相关数据,以农村蒙古族、农村汉族、城镇蒙古族、城镇汉族4组进行分析。结果:问卷回收率97.97%,合格率96.16%;女学生月经初潮发生在调查前2~5年者占92.39%,母女记忆明确率均94.01%。女儿和母亲的月经初潮年龄分别为12.6±1.2(9~16)岁和14.8±1.7(11~18)岁,女儿比母亲平均提前了2.14岁(P0.0001),且城镇早于农村(P0.05、P0.001)。蒙古族与汉族间未见差异。女儿月经初潮发生发生在11、12、13、14岁的比例分别为6.45%、46.11%、81.57%、94.60%,母亲分别为0.42%、18.50%、38.98%、61.46%。月经初潮发生率按季节从高到低在母女均表现为夏季、冬季、秋季、春季的顺序。女生月经初潮发生在小学阶段者占50.28%,在初中1、2年级时分别达到了80.44%、96.22%。结论:通辽地区属于蒙古族聚集地,其女性月经初潮年龄有逐渐提前趋势,建议对该地区青少年的青春期教育应从小学4年级开始。     

成年女性初潮年龄与糖尿病患病关系及交互作用的研究

目的 探讨成年女性初潮年龄与糖尿病患病的关系。方法 使用“中国慢性病前瞻性研究”浙江省桐乡市项目点32 364名30～79岁女性常住居民有效基线调查数据,使用多重logistic回归分析,通过调整可能的混杂因素研究初潮年龄与糖尿病患病的关系,使用回归模型中初潮年龄与不同变量的乘积项,评价二者的交互作用。结果 调查对象平均年龄为（51.42±9.63）岁,3.73%的女性初潮年龄≤12岁,24.17%的女性初潮年龄≥17岁。调查对象糖尿病患病率为5.75%。调整年龄、社会经济状况、糖尿病家族史、行为习惯、闭经、BMI和腰围等因素后,与初潮年龄≥17岁相比,初潮年龄15～16、13～14和≤12岁女性成年后糖尿病患病OR值（95% CI）分别为1.13（1.00～1.27）、1.29（1.12～1.49）和1.68（1.31～2.15）。吸烟、饮酒、体力活动、肥胖等与初潮年龄无相乘交互作用（P>0.05）。结论 初潮年龄与女性糖尿病患病存在着关联。初潮年龄越早,成年后患糖尿病风险越大。初潮年龄和吸烟等成年期暴露因素对糖尿病无相乘交互作用。