Myofibroblastic sarcoma in liver: a case report

We recently encountered a giant Myofibroblastic sarcoma (MS) exceeding 23 cm in diameter which had developed in the liver in a 27-year-old female, and which was surgically resected with gratifying results. On surveillance imaging, a giant mass was detected in the right lobe of the liver. One the basis of morphology and immunohistochemistry features, the diagnosis of intermediate-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma (MS) was established. MS is extremely rarely found in the abdominal cavity. It is almost impossible to make a definite diagnosis before operation. However, the possibility of sarcoma should be taken into account for liver mass according to multimodal imaging features of the mass, especially when the diagnosis of common hepatic tumor was not supported by signs on imaging. Relative characteristic features on multimodal images maybe helpful to considerate the possibility of MS. This is the first reported case to date.     

Viral infection in placenta relevant cells – a morphological and immunohistochemical cell culture study

Viral infections in pregnancy are known to cause fetal malformation, growth restriction, and even fetal death. Macroscopic placental examination usually shows slight and unspecific changes. Histology may show secondary, non‐specific tissue reaction, i.e. villitis with lymphocytic invasion. Primary specific morphology characteristics are known for some virus, like cytomegalovirus, parvovirus, and herpes simplex, however many viral infections show non‐specific changes. Placenta relevant cells as human first trimester trophoblasts HTR8/SVneo, primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), and primary human embryonic fibroblasts were examined following infection with commonly occurring virus like adenovirus and enterovirus. Morphology in routine stained sections and virus‐specific immunostains were studied 4, 8, 24, 48, 72 h after infection. Nuclear enlargement was seen in the infected cells. A specific diagnosis of adenovirus or enterovirus infection, however, was not possible without specific immunostains.     

Aggressive fibromatosis of the leg and sacrococcygeal region: a report of two cases

Aggressive fibromatosis is a rare soft tissue tumor that composes of myofibroblasts that arise from musculoaponeurotic structures. It usually affects the abdominal wall but may be also found in other less common sites including the head and neck, submucosa of the oral cavity, spinal, haunch and limbs, especially, the limbs and sacrococcygeal region are rare locations. We described two cases of aggressive fibromatosis. One was 3-year-old girl with aggressive fibromatosis arising from the right leg region. The other was 20-year-old female arising from in the sacrococcygeal region. They were resected with satisfied results. Pathological examination showed that they were composed of fibroblasts, fibrocytes and bundles of collagen fiber. The aggressive fibromatosis, although rare, should be differentiated from some other soft tissue tumors with similar histological features and different localizations of intra-abdominal, abdominal wall and extra-abdominal.     

“厚薄”教学理念在病理教学中的应用研究

病理学理论课教学是灌输病理学基础知识的基本手段,是医学教育的关键组成部分,普遍应用LBL教学模式。如何让传统病理学理论教学模式从被动灌输方式转化为主动学习的过程,充分调动教学双方的内在动机,拓展学生的思维能力,这是病理学理论教学研究的重要内容。文章尝试"把书读厚及把书读薄"的教学思想有效应用到病理学教学中,通过引入"思维导图"优化相关教学内容;结合双师型培训机制,灵活做到将病理学"教薄教厚";积极创建网络互动平台,提升学生的动手操作能力,实现把病理学"学薄学厚"。     

人工智能在病理学教学中的应用

病理学属于基础医学学科,它着重研究疾病的起因、形态结构改变以及由这些变化引起的机体功能改变,为临床诊断提供依据,是基础医学与临床医学之间的重要纽带和过渡,其教学质量对后续临床实践起到举足轻重的作用,病理学教学也从传统的教学模式发展出混合式教学、虚拟病理实验室、互联网+等多种教学模式。近年来随着人工智能在医疗医学行业的飞速发展,其技术已广泛应用到医疗领域的各个方面,培养适应智能化医疗时代的新型病理人才刻不容缓。文章研究从病理学科教学工作的特点和性质入手,结合我国病理学人工智能应用现状,分析了中国目前病理专业技能培养的现状,为人工智能在病理人才专业技能与素质培养的应用中提供启发。     

Immune microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma,intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and liver metastasis of colorectal adenocarcinoma: Relationship with histopathological and molecular classifications

Tumor tissue is composed of tumor cells and tumor stroma. Tumor stroma contains various immune cells and non-immune stromal cells, forming a complex tumor microenvironment which plays pivotal roles in regulating tumor growth. Recent successes in immunotherapies against tumors, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, have further raised interests in the immune microenvironment of liver carcinoma. The immune microenvironment of tumors is formed because of interactions among tumor cells, immune cells and non-immune stromal cells, including fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Different patterns of immune microenvironment are observed among different tumor subtypes, and their clinicopathological significance and intertumor/intratumor heterogeneity are being intensively studied. Here, we review the immune microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and liver metastasis of colorectal adenocarcinoma, focusing on its histopathological appearance, clinicopathological significance, and relationship with histological and molecular classifications. Understanding the comprehensive histopathological picture of a tumor immune microenvironment, in addition to molecular and genetic approaches, will further potentiate the effort for precision medicine in the era of tumor-targeting immunotherapy.     

腹腔热灌注化疗对不同病理类型和Borrmann分型进展期胃癌患者的预后分析

目的:回顾性分析行手术联合术后腹腔热灌注化疗(hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy,HIPEC)与同期单纯手术胃癌患者的临床病理资料,以期了解HIPEC对局部进展期胃癌患者预后的影响。方法:回顾性分析2009年1月~2014年1月在天津医科大学肿瘤医院行HIPEC的80例Ⅲb期胃癌患者与同期单纯手术90例Ⅲb期胃癌患者。根据术后是否使用腹腔热灌注化疗分为HIPEC组(研究组)和单纯手术组(对照组)。研究组:印戒细胞癌24例,非印戒细胞癌56例;BorrmannⅠ型12例,BorrmannⅡ型28例,BorrmannⅢ型23例,BorrmannⅣ型17例。对照组:印戒细胞癌26例,非印戒细胞癌64例;BorrmannⅠ型15例,BorrmannⅡ型30例,BorrmannⅢ型26例子,BorrmannⅣ型19例。两组患者术后4周均予以SOX方案化疗8个疗程。分析比较不同病理类型及Borrmann分型的胃癌患者术后生存情况,并对两组患者手术相关并发症进行对比。结果:研究组和对照组患者5年生存率分别为36.25%和28.89%(P<0.05);印戒细胞癌患者中,研究组和对照组患者5年生存率分别为25.00%和15.38%(P<0.05);非印戒细胞癌患者中,研究组和对照组患者5年生存率分别为41.07%和34.38%(P>0.05);BorrmannⅠ型胃癌患者中,研究组和对照组患者5年生存率分别为41.67%和40.00%(P>0.05);BorrmannⅡ型胃癌患者中,研究组和对照组患者5年生存率分别为35.71%和33.33%(P>0.05);BorrmannⅢ型胃癌患者中,研究组和对照组患者5年生存率分别为39.13%和26.92%(P<0.05);BorrmannⅣ型胃癌患者中,研究组和对照组患者5年生存率分别为29.41%和15.79%(P<0.05)。两组患者手术相关并发症的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:手术联合HIPEC安全可行,有利于提高患有印戒细胞癌、BorrmannⅢ型及BorrmannⅣ型进展期胃癌患者术后的5年生存率,延长生存期。