麻黄附子细辛汤联合常规疗法治疗感染后咳嗽的临床研究

目的探讨麻黄附子细辛汤治疗感染后咳嗽的临床效果。方法选取漯河市郾城区惠生堂门诊部和河南省漯河市第三人民医院呼吸内科于2017年5月—2018年10月诊治的感染后咳嗽患者240例,采用随机数字表法分为两组,对照组患者120例实施常规治疗(退热、吸氧、补液等),观察组患者120例联用麻黄附子细辛汤(紫苏子9 g,射干9 g,地龙9 g,炙麻黄6 g,细辛6 g)治疗,于治疗前后行生化指标(C反应蛋白、白细胞计数、白细胞介素-4)检测和症状(咳嗽、喘息、咳痰、哮鸣音)评分,比较两组患者的症状(咳嗽、喘息、咳痰、哮鸣音)改善时间、临床效果(显效、有效、无效、总有效)、不良反应情况(恶心呕吐、头晕头痛、胃肠道反应)。结果两组治疗后C反应蛋白、白细胞计数、白细胞介素-4、症状评分(咳嗽、喘息、咳痰、哮鸣音)较治疗前显著降低(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后C反应蛋白、白细胞计数、白细胞介素-4、症状评分(咳嗽、喘息、咳痰、哮鸣音)低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组症状改善时间(咳嗽、喘息、咳痰、哮鸣音)早于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组总有效率(99.2%,119/120)高于对照组(90.0%,108/120)(P<0.05)。结论麻黄附子细辛汤治疗感染后咳嗽的效果显著,可缩短治疗时间并改善病症,值得临床推广使用。     

Microbiological diagnosis in cardiac implantable electronic device infections detected by sonication and next-generation sequencing

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Recomendaciones prácticas para el manejo perioperatorio del paciente con sospecha o infección grave por coronavirus SARS-CoV-2

In December 2019, the Wuhan Municipal Health and health Commission (Hubei Province, China) reported a series of cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology. On January 7, 2020, the Chinese authorities identified as a causative agent of the outbreak a new type of virus of the Coronaviridiae family, called SARS-CoV-2. Since then, thounsands of cases have been reported with global dissemination. Infections in humans cause a broad clinical spectrum ranging from mild upper respiratory tract infection, to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and sepsis. There is not specific treatment for SARS-CoV-2, which is why the fundamental aspects are to establish adequate prevention measures and support treatment and management of complications.     

Complications of total joint arthroplasty in solid organ transplant patients versus a large control group

BackgroundSolid organ transplant patients are theoretically at increased risk for complications after total joint replacement due to immunosuppressive medication regimens and multiple medical co-morbidities. There are a number of studies that report on outcomes of total joint arthroplasty (TJA) following solid organ transplant, however, the results are heterogeneous. This study evaluated the outcomes of TJA in solid organ transplant patients as compared to non-organ transplant controls at one academic medical center.MethodsThis study was a single institution retrospective review of a consecutive series of patients who underwent joint replacement following solid organ transplant as compared to a control cohort over a 10-year period. Univariable and multivariable generalized linear mixed effects models were used to compare the odds of readmission, infection, mortality, and being discharged home between transplanted (cases) and non-transplanted (control) patients.ResultsTransplant and non-transplant cohorts had similar BMI, although transplant patients were younger (61 versus 65 years) and had a higher incidence of Diabetes (55% vs. 16%). On multivariable analysis, there was no difference in the odds of re-admission or rate of infection, but there was an increased risk of death and admission to a rehab facility in the transplant cohort.ConclusionOverall, this study demonstrates that solid organ transplant alone does not increase the risk of peri-operative complications in patients who underwent hip and knee replacement. However, it should be expected that these patients have a higher mortality rate and that many of them will need to be discharged to a post-acute care facility.     

Consequences of physical distancing emanating from the COVID-19 pandemic: An Australian perspective

The sobering reality of the COVID-19 pandemic is that it has brought people together at home at a time when we want them apart in the community. This will bring both benefits and challenges. It will affect people differently based upon their age, health status, resilience, family support structures, and socio-economic background. This article will assess the impact in high income countries like Australia, where the initial wave of infection placed the elderly at the greatest risk of death whilst the protective measures of physical distancing, self-isolation, increased awareness of hygiene practices, and school closures with distance learning has had considerable impact on children and families acutely and may have ramifications for years to come.