Th17与Treg在乙型肝炎致病机制中的作用

Th17细胞和Treg细胞是CD4^＋T细胞的新亚群,二者在分化发育、功能发挥等方面有着密切联系,并在乙型肝炎发病机制中起着不同的作用。有研究表明,Th17／Treg平衡失调可能参与了其异常免疫反应,而导致HBV持续感染或慢性炎症的形成。本文就Th17细胞／Treg在乙型肝炎发病机制中的作用进行扼要阐述。     

The role of apoptosis in childhood Henoch–Schonlein purpura

The pathogenesis of vasculitis is complex and is yet to be fully elucidated, although it is known that inflammatory cells play a major role. Dysregulation of apoptosis and defective clearance of inflammatory cells could lead to the persistence of inflammation and excessive tissue injury. In this study we aimed to investigate Fas (CD95) and apoptosis on peripheral blood (PB) neutrophil and lymphocytes in Henoch–Schonlein purpura, both in the acute phase and after resolution to determine the role of apoptosis in this self-limited vasculitis. Leukocytoclastic vasculitis presenting with Henoch–Schonlein purpura (HSP) was diagnosed according to ACR 1990 criteria and confirmed by skin biopsy. Thirty-seven patients (22 boys, 15 girls) aged 2.5–17 years (9 ± 3.3) were enrolled in the study. Expression of CD95 and apoptosis were investigated by the annexin/PI method on peripheral blood neutrophils and lymphocytes in both the acute and the resolution phases of the disease. The mean neutrophil and lymphocyte CD95 expression was 65.4 ± 37.6% and 33.3 ± 7.3%, respectively, in the acute stage and 62.8 ± 44.2% and 41 ± 20%, respectively, in the resolution (P > 0.05). The percentage of apoptotic peripheral blood neutrophils and lymphocytes as determined by annexin positivity was 13.3 ± 11.31% and 8.6 ± 9.5%, respectively, during the acute phase and 4.6 ± 3.4% and 3.1 ± 3.1%, respectively, in the resolution (P = 0.002, P = 0.008). These results suggest that increased apoptotic process in the immune effector cells in the acute phase of the disease may play an important role in the early control of inflammatory response and repair in leukocytoclastic vasculitis, thereby contributing to the self-limited nature of the disease.     

饮食与溃疡性结肠炎

饮食因素被认为是溃疡性结肠炎发病的危险因素.研究表明,过多摄入红肉,高脂肪和高蛋白饮食与本病的发病和复发有关联.另一方面,补充益生菌、鱼油和饮食纤维具有较好疗效.本文综述饮食因素在溃疡性结肠炎发病和治疗中作用的研究进展.     

肝细胞损伤的分子生物学机制

随着医学研究的不断进展,我们对各种肝脏疾病的病因有了更加深入的了解,对疾病的治疗也渐渐从对症治疗转移到病因治疗,但是,在强调病因学治疗的同时,不应忽略对肝细胞的保护,因为肝细胞损伤是各型肝病共同的病理基础,是各种原因引起肝脏疾病的共同的表现.     

无症状性脑梗死与睡眠障碍共病的研究进展

无症状性脑梗死（SBI）是指常无明确的卒中史、典型的临床症状及神经系统阳性体征,需通过颅脑影像学或尸检发现的脑梗死。随着研究的深入,SBI已被证实并非完全无症状,部分患者可能存在头晕、头痛、睡眠障碍、记忆力下降等非特异性神经功能损害表现。同时,大量临床报道显示,睡眠障碍是脑卒中后常见的并发症,并常会对患者的预后和生活质量产生不利影响。SBI作为脑梗死类型中的一种,与睡眠障碍也存在一定的联系,但由于SBI的临床特征,本身常被临床医生忽视,睡眠问题便更不受关注,国内外也缺乏相关研究报道。因此,本文对SBI与睡眠障碍共病的可能发生机制以及可能伴发的负面影响进行了综述,以便提高临床医生对其的关注度,做到早期诊治。     

胎盘早剥38例病因分析及临床观察

目的:探讨胎盘早剥的病因、临床表现、早期诊断及防治.方法:采用回顾性分析方法对本院胎盘早剥38例的临床资料进行分析.结果:妊娠期高血压疾病、胎膜早破、脐带过短或绕颈是胎盘早剥发生的主要原因,阴道流血、腹痛、血性羊水、胎心异常是胎盘早剥的主要临床表现.结论:胎盘早剥严重威胁孕产妇及胎儿生命,应重视胎盘早剥的诱因,早期诊断,及时处理,改善母婴结局.     

儿童扩张型心肌病发病机制及治疗进展

儿童扩张型心肌病是病因复杂多样的心肌疾病,包括遗传和非遗传的多种发病机制.卡维地洛具有非选择性β受体阻滞作用同时有α1受体阻滞作用,在改善心肌收缩力、抑制心室重构等方面具有突出功能,广泛用于成年人心功能不全治疗,该文对儿童扩张型心肌病发病机制和卡维地洛对其治疗的新进展进行综述.     

Diverticulum of the buccal mucosa: A case report

BACKGROUND A diverticulum is the medical or biological term for outpouching of a hollow structure in the body.It particularly occurs in the digestive system,but rarely occurs in the oral mucosa.CASE SUMMARY This report describes a rare case of diverticulum presenting in the buccal mucosa in a 44-year-old woman that was initially diagnosed in Stomatology Hospital,Wuhan University.We made our diagnosis under the guidance of imaging data,and the patient underwent surgical resection.CONCLUSION This report is the first confirmed case of buccal mucosal diverticulum.in addition,we elucidated that in general,idiopathic developmental abnormalities caused by succinate muscle defects are responsible for diverticulum development.