白细胞介素1受体拮抗剂基因型与糖尿患者群中牙周炎的关系

目的:探讨白细胞介素1受体拮抗剂(interleukin-1 receptor antagonist,IL-1ra)基因型与2型糖尿患者群中牙周炎(periodontitis of diabetes mellitus,DMP)易感性的关系。方法:收集2型糖尿病患者186例,分为糖尿病伴牙周炎组108名和糖尿病不伴牙周炎组78名,取血提取DNA,采用序列特异引物多聚酶链反应(sequence specific primers polymerase chain reaction,SSP-PCR)法测定IL-1RN内含子2/VNTR位点的基因型,比较各基因型检出率的差别。结果:IL-1RN内含子2/VNTR等位基因A2在2型糖尿病伴牙周炎组的检出率显著高于2型糖尿病不伴牙周炎组,分布差异有显著性(χ2=3.579,P=0.040)。结论:在2型糖尿病患者中,IL-1RN内含子2/VNTR等位基因A2可能与牙周炎的遗传易感性相关。     

Urban legends: recurrent aphthous stomatitis

Oral Diseases (2011) 17 , 755–770 Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the most common idiopathic intraoral ulcerative disease in the USA. Aphthae typically occur in apparently healthy individuals, although an association with certain systemic diseases has been reported. Despite the unclear etiopathogenesis, new drug trials are continuously conducted in an attempt to reduce pain and dysfunction. We investigated four controversial topics: (1) Is complex aphthosis a mild form of Behçet’s disease (BD)? (2) Is periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome a distinct medical entity? (3) Is RAS associated with other systemic diseases [e.g., celiac disease (CD) and B12 deficiency]? (4) Are there any new RAS treatments? Results from extensive literature searches, including a systematic review of RAS trials, suggested the following: (1) Complex aphthosis is not a mild form of BD in North America or Western Europe; (2) Diagnostic criteria for PFAPA have low specificity and the characteristics of the oral ulcers warrant further studies; (3) Oral ulcers may be associated with CD; however, these ulcers may not be RAS; RAS is rarely associated with B12 deficiency; nevertheless, B12 treatment may be beneficial, via mechanisms that warrant further study; (4) Thirty‐three controlled trials published in the past 6 years reported some effectiveness, although potential for bias was high.     

地塞米松和维生素B12干预下小鼠胚胎腭突Shh相关信号因子的研究

目的：　探讨地塞米松及其拮抗剂维生素B₁₂干预妊娠关键期孕鼠后,小鼠胚胎腭突上Shh信号通路重要因子、细胞周期调控因子及初级纤毛解聚相关因子的调控及三者间的变化关系。方法：　予特定孕期C57BL/6J孕鼠腹腔注射一定剂量的生理盐水（空白对照组）、地塞米松（地塞米松组）、维生素B₁₂（维生素B₁₂组）、地塞米松+维生素B₁₂（地塞米松+维生素B₁₂组）,观察妊娠17.5 d和13.5 d各组小鼠胚胎腭突融合情况;Western blot检测妊娠13.5 d各组小鼠胚胎腭突中Smo、Ptch1、Cyclin D1、Aurora A的表达变化并进行统计学分析。结果：　地塞米松延缓胚胎腭突发育而导致腭裂发生,而维生素B₁₂干预后,可部分恢复胚胎腭突发育。Western blot结果显示,与对照组相比,Ptch 1、Aurora A、Cyclin D1的表达在地塞米松组中明显降低（均P=0.000）,Smo无明显改变（P=0.695）;地塞米松+维生素B₁₂组中Ptch 1、Aurora A、Cyclin D1的表达与地塞米松组相比,均不同程度上调（均P=0.000）,Smo无明显改变（P=0.818）;维生素B₁₂组中各目的蛋白表达与对照组无统计学差异（P=0.879、0.399、0.645、0.168）。结论：　地塞米松影响小鼠胚胎腭突Shh下游信号传递和初级纤毛解聚,从而抑制Cyclin D1表达使小鼠胚胎腭突细胞增殖降低,维生素B₁₂可通过上调相关因子蛋白含量拮抗这一抑制效果。     

SD大鼠颌下腺肿瘤动物模型的建立

目的　用不同方法构建颌下腺肿瘤动物模型。方法　将80只大鼠按干预方式不同均分为A、B、C、D 4组,A组采用2 %二甲基苯丙蒽分析纯丙酮溶液注射入颌下腺,每只0 .0 5ml;B组采用4 %二甲基苯丙蒽分析纯丙酮溶液注射入颌下腺,每只0 .0 5ml;C组采用4 %二甲基苯丙蒽分析纯丙酮溶液注射入颌下腺,每只0 .0 5ml,连续3次,每次间隔两周;D组将实验动物的胸腺摘除,其余实验条件等同C组。各实验组在开始实验1周后给予含0 .0 5 %苯巴比妥的饲料喂养3个月,且均采用自身左右对照。结果　各实验侧先后都有肿瘤出现,诱瘤率分别约为2 2 %、30 %、4 8%、6 1% ,病理分析大部分是鳞状细胞癌,另有部分纤维肉瘤。结论　用D组方法构建的动物模型有易建立、成瘤率高的特点,可以较好地观察肿瘤的发生、发展过程。     

四川省12岁儿童口腔健康状况调查报告

目的调查四川省12岁儿童口腔健康现状,监测龋病和牙周疾病患病趋势,为四川省口腔卫生保健规划和决策提供信息和依据。方法按照《第三次全国口腔健康流行病学抽样调查方案》,采用多阶段分层等容量随机抽样的方法,抽取四川省12岁城乡儿童常住人口720人,男女各半,检查恒牙龋和牙周情况。数据采用SPSS13.0软件统计。结果12岁年龄组儿童龋均0.5,患龋率25.7%。龋补充填比F/(D F)6.7%,城市高于农村(P<0.01)。窝沟封闭率0.7%,农村为0。显著性龋均指数1.47,73.40%的恒牙龋分布于12.74%的儿童中。牙龈出血检出率76.3%,牙石检出率72.0%,人均7.5颗牙齿有牙龈出血,9.9颗牙齿有牙石。农村均高于城市(P<0.01)。结论调查人群患龋率较低,但龋病预防与治疗情况差,龋病主要集中在少数高危儿童;农村儿童牙周状况差,农村口腔保健工作亟待加强。口腔卫生保健工作应趋向区域性、合理性、系统性。     

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目的探讨维生素B12注射治疗在颞下颌关节紊乱病中的临床应用。方法对2006—2007年首都医科大学附属北京口腔医院颌面外科和北京丰台医院口腔科收治的145例颞下颌关节紊乱病患者,采用维生素B12注射治疗,观察其疗效。结果注射治疗后患者能立刻缓解症状,疼痛患者治疗有效率为92.8%,表现为关节绞锁和张口困难的治疗有效率为90.3%。随访观察1年复发率为10.3%。结论维生素B12关节区注射治疗能有效缓解关节区疼痛和张口受限,短期疗效稳定。     

Localization of interleukin-1 (IL-1) mRNA-expressing macrophages in human inflamed gingiva and lL-1 activity in gingival crevicular fluid

The exact cell type and site(s) involved in interleukin-1 (lL-1) production during gingival inflammation was determined by combining immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. IL-1 messenger RNA (mRNA)-expressing cells in human inflamed gingiva were identified as macrophages. The rate of IL-α mRNA expression in these macrophages was the same as IL-1 β mRNA expression. The rate of IL-1 mRNA expression was higher in connective tissue furthest from the pocket epithelium, although more macrophages were present at the connective tissue subjacent to the pocket epithelium. The IL-1 activity in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) obtained from inflamed gingiva was higher than that from healthy gingiva and decreased after periodontal therapy. The IL-1 activity in GCF was almost completely abolished by the addition of anti-IL-1α antibody but not by anti-IL-1 β antibody, indicating that IL-1α is the predominant form in GCF. However, the IL-1 activity in GCF was unrelated to the number of IL-1 mRNA-exprerssing macrophages in the same gingival site where the GCF was obtained at the same time. The results suggest that macrophages in the connective tissue subjacent to the oral epithelium contribute to the production of IL-1 but those in connective tissue subjacent to the pocket epithelium play a different role in the generation of gingival inflammation.     

血液中叶酸、维生素B12水平与冠状动脉病变的关系及其机理探讨

为探讨血液中叶酸、维生素B12(VB12)水平与冠状动脉病变的关系及其机理,测定了94例冠心病(CHD)患者的全血叶酸、血浆叶酸和VB12水平,与39名对照者进行对比,并对叶酸、VB12水平与发生病变的冠脉支数间的关系进行研究;随机抽取57例受试者进行血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)与血脂测定,探讨叶酸、VB12水平与血浆Hcy和血脂的相关性。结果显示,CHD患者的全血叶酸、血浆叶酸和VB12水平均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),不同冠脉病变支数的患者叶酸和VB12水平无显著性差异,全血叶酸、血浆叶酸和VB12水平与Hcy呈负相关,与血脂水平无关,提示血液中较低的叶酸、VB12水平与CHD有关,叶酸与VB12水平降低导致的Hcy增高可能是CHD的一个独立的危险因素。     

血浆同型半胱氨酸和血清叶酸、维生素B12检测及其在糖尿病肾病中的临床意义

应用荧光偏振免疫分析法和时间分辨荧光免疫分析法分别测定血浆同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)和血清叶酸(FA)、维生素B12(VitB12)的水平,探讨其在糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropathy,DN)中的临床价值。选择137例糖尿病(DM)患者,并根据尿微量白蛋白(uMA)的排泄率及血肌酐(SCr)水平将其分为糖尿病无肾病组、DN初期组、临床DN组和氮质血症组,同时测定以40名健康人作对照组,检测其Hcy、FA和VitB12。采用SPSS10.0统计软件,进行直线回归相关分析。结果显示:四组DM患者血浆Hcy水平分别与对照组比较均显著性增高(P<0.05~0.01),并随DN患者肾脏损伤程度的加重而升高,每两组间相比有显著性差异(P<0.01)。四组DM患者血清FA、VitB12水平分别与对照组比较,除糖尿病无肾病组无显著性差异(P>0.05)外,其余三组均有显著性差异(P<0.01),每两组间比较均有显著性差异(P<0.01)并与血浆Hcy水平呈现负相关。结论:高Hcy血症是DM和DN患者的危险因素,血浆Hcy水平可作为DM和DN病情监测的有效指标,FA、VitB12的降低可能是诱发高Hcy血症的一个重要因素。     

IL-37与过敏性疾病的研究进展

过敏性疾病是机体免疫系统对外来变应原产生的超敏反应性疾病, 目前糖皮质激素作为治疗过敏性疾病的一线用药, 其临床应用与治疗效果具有一定的局限性及不良反应。白细胞介素-37(interleukin-37, IL-37)作为天然的先天性和适应性免疫抑制剂, 具有双重抗炎功能, 可同时抑制炎症因子和激活抗炎因子的表达。研究表明, IL-37可通过多种作用机制及通路来维持过敏性疾病中免疫系统的动态平衡。因此, 本文将基于分析IL-37的本身特性, 对其在儿童常见的过敏性疾病中的作用机制作一综述, 旨在为进一步研究和临床诊疗提供依据。