成都某高校退休人群患动脉粥样硬化的特征性研究

目的以成都某高校退休教职工为研究对象,分析踝肱指数及臂踝脉搏波传导速度与各影响因素的相关性,研究该人群中患动脉粥样硬化及周围动脉硬化闭塞性疾病的特征性。方法研究对象选自成都某高校退休教职工体检人群,进行ABI值及Ba PWV值的测定,并收集其性别、年龄、体重、身高,吸烟状况以及有无高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常疾病史等信息,进行数据分析。结果研究对象的ABI值范围在0.85~1.68,平均值为(1.11±0.09),ABI值与年龄相关性较弱(r=0.224,P=0.001),与BMI值的相关性无统计学意义(r=-0.083,P=0.238)。ABI值在男女性别、有无吸烟史及有无高血压病史间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Ba PWV值为1045~3791.5,平均值为(1781.23±410.82),与年龄显著相关(r=0.570,P=0.000),与BMI值的相关性无统计学意义(r=-0.079,P=0.262)。结论周围动脉硬化闭塞症与动脉粥样硬化的发生、发展与年龄、吸烟、高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常等危险因素密切相关,早期检测动脉硬化闭塞疾病指标,及早采取干预措施,对保护心脑血管、减少心血管事件的发生有着十分重要的作用。     

2型糖尿病足坏疽的踝肱比分析

目的 探讨糖尿病患者踝肱比(ABI)与足坏疽发生的关系.方法 对60例2型糖尿病足坏疽患者进行踝肱比测量,根据测量结果分为正常、轻度异常、中度异常以及重度异常4组并进行分析.结果 正常者30例占50.00%,轻度异常者5例占8.33%,中度异常者4例占6.67%,重度异常者2l例占35.00%.结论 正常的ABI值并不代表2型糖尿病患者的足部无坏疽或坏疽倾向.     

Detection and differentiation of bovine herpesvirus 1 and 5 using a multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction

This study investigated the suitability of a two step real-time RT-PCR melting curve analysis as a tool for the detection and discrimination of nine species in the plant virus family Luteoviridae, being Soybean dwarf virus [SbDV], Bean leafroll virus [BLRV], Beet chlorosis virus [BChV], Beet mild yellowing virus [BMYV], Beet western yellows virus [BWYV], Cereal yellow dwarf virus-RPV [CYDV-RPV], Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus [CABYV], Potato leafroll virus [PLRV] and Turnip yellows virus [TuYV]. Melting temperature and shape of the melting peak were analysed for 68 bp and 148 bp coat protein gene amplicons using SYBR^® GreenER™ fluorescent dye. Specific melting peaks with unique melting temperature were observed for the various species of the family Luteoviridae using the 68 bp amplicon, but not with the 148 bp amplicon. Due to the high variability of sequences for some members of this family, different melting temperatures were also observed between different isolates of the species CYDV-RPV and TuYV. Nevertheless, discrimination between species was achieved for SbDV, BLRV, BChV, BMYV, CABYV and either PLRV or BWYV. Melting curve analysis, in this study, is a faster and more discriminatory alternative to gel electrophoresis of end-point PCR products for the detection of Luteoviridae infection.     

Long-Term Effectiveness of the Zilver PTX Drug-Eluting Stent for Femoropopliteal Peripheral Artery Disease in Patients with No Patent Tibial Runoff Vessels—Results from the Zilver PTX Japan Post-Market Surveillance Study

Purpose

To evaluate 2-year results of the Zilver PTX (Cook Medical, Bloomington, Indiana) drug-eluting stent (DES) for femoropopliteal peripheral artery disease (PAD) in patients with no continuous patent infrapopliteal runoff arteries compared with patients with ≥ 1 continuous patent runoff vessels.

Clinical Features and Endovascular Management of Iliac Artery Fibromuscular Dysplasia

PurposeTo identify the spectrum of clinical presentation of iliac artery fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) and to evaluate the outcomes of endovascular management of iliac artery FMD for claudication.Materials and MethodsAll patients in a single institution with a diagnosis of FMD between January 1980 and December 2010 were identified. Iliac artery FMD was present in 14 patients. Associated risk factors included hypertension (79%), hyperlipidemia (64%), smoking history (36%), coronary artery disease (21%), diabetes (0%), and obesity (36%).ResultsIn eight (57%) patients, iliac artery FMD was incidentally found on imaging. Lifestyle-limiting claudication involving one or both extremities was present in six (43%) patients. All six patients were reported to have mild peripheral arterial disease based on ankle-brachial index measurements (0.7–0.9). These six patients underwent 10 endovascular procedures for claudication, including angioplasty (n = 8) and self-expanding stent placement (n = 2). Mean symptom-free survival was 56.3 months.ConclusionsIliac artery FMD that is amenable to endovascular treatment may be found incidentally or may manifest with disabling claudication.     

Ultrasound-Accelerated versus Standard Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis in 102 Patients with Acute and Subacute Limb Ischemia

PurposeTo compare the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-accelerated thrombolysis (UAT) and standard catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) in patients with acute and subacute limb ischemia.Materials and MethodsMedical records of all patients treated with thrombolysis for acute and subacute limb ischemia between August 2005 and January 2012 were reviewed. Coprimary (increase in ankle-brachial index, degree of lysis) and secondary endpoints (technical success, distal embolization, bleeding complications, need for additional interventions) were assessed. UAT was performed in 75 patients, and CDT was performed in 27 patients. Patients’ baseline demographic and clinical parameters and procedure details, including lytic drug infusion rate (P = .704 and P = .987), total infusion time (P = .787 and P = .377), and use of adjunctive procedures (P = .457), did not differ significantly between the two groups.ResultsComplete lysis was achieved in 72.0% (UAT) and 63.0% (CDT) of patients (P = .542); hemodynamic success was achieved in 91.8% (UAT) and 92.3% (CDT) (P = .956). Overall major and minor bleeding complications were observed in 6.9% (UAT) and 3.9% (CDT) of patients. Major (P = .075) and minor (P = .276) bleeding independently did not differ between UAT and CDT. Major and minor bleeding combined was lower: 6.7% (UAT) versus 22.2% (CDT) (P = .025). Overall target vessel patency after 8.0 months (range, 1.5–20.5 mo) was 73.5%; target vessel patency for UAT was 75.9% versus 64.3% for CDT (P = .379). Median long-term survival was not significantly different between UAT and CDT: 3.6 years (range, 2.42–5.33 y) versus 1.8 years (range, 1.33–4.92 y) (P = .061).ConclusionsBoth UAT and CDT are safe and efficient treatment modalities for patients with acute and subacute limb ischemia. The observed lower risk of total bleeding for UAT versus CDT may warrant prospective comparative trials.     

Experiences from Auditory Brainstem Implantation (ABIs) in four paediatric patients

Introduction: Indications for auditory brainstem implants (ABIs) have been widened from patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) to paediatric patients with congenital cochlear malformations, cochlear nerve hypoplasia/aplasia, or cochlear ossification after meningitis. We present four ABI surgeries performed in children at Uppsala University Hospital in Sweden since 2009.

Methods: Three children were implanted with implants from Cochlear Ltd. (Lane Cove, Australia) and one child with an implant from MedEl GMBH (Innsbruck, Austria). A boy with Goldenhar syndrome was implanted with a Cochlear Nucleus ABI24M at age 2 years (patient 1). Another boy with CHARGE syndrome was implanted with a Cochlear Nucleus ABI541 at age 2.5 years (patient 2). Another boy with post-ossification meningitis was implanted with a Cochlear Nucleus ABI24M at age 4 years (patient 3). A girl with cochlear aplasia was implanted with a MedEl Synchrony ABI at age 3 years (patient 4). In patients 1, 2, and 3, the trans-labyrinthine approach was used, and in patient 4 the retro-sigmoid approach was used.

Results: Three of the four children benefited from their ABIs and use it full time. Two of the full time users had categories of auditory performance (CAP) score of 4 at their last follow up visit (6 and 2.5 years postoperative) which means they can discriminate consistently any combination of two of Ling's sounds. One child has not been fully evaluated yet, but is a full time user and had CAP 2 (responds to speech sounds) after 3 months of ABI use. No severe side or unpleasant stimulation effects have been observed so far. There was one case of immediate electrode migration and one case of implant device failure after 6.5 years.

Conclusion: ABI should be considered as an option in the rehabilitation of children with similar diagnoses.     

baPWV、ABI与不同数量动脉粥样硬化疾病及危险因素之间的相关性研究

目的了解同时罹患多种动脉粥样硬化疾病或危险因素时其肱-腘动脉脉搏波传导速度（baPWV）、胫后动脉与肱动脉收缩压的比值（ABI）与无危险因素组之间的关系,证明baPWV、ABI对动脉粥样硬化强度的早期预测价值。方法入选病例2033例,采集病史、年龄、血压、体重指数（BMI）、血糖（GU）、血浆总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、尿酸（UA）、左右baPWV（LbaPWV、RbaPWV）、左右ABI（LABI、RABI）等指标,根据动脉粥样硬化性疾病或危险因素的多少将病例进行分组。应用SPSS19.0统计软件包对比分析各观察组与对照组之间baPWV、ABI的差异。结果同时具有3个或3个以上、2个、1个动脉粥样硬化危险因素组,其baPWV与无危险因素组比较,均明显增高,P〈0.001,差异有统计学意义;ABI在不同组之间比较,部分差异显著、部分差异不显著,相关性较差。结论 baPWV与动脉粥样硬化危险因素的相关性良好,危险因素越多相关性越强,可作为一项独立预测因子,在早期识别普通人群动脉硬化程度、早期干预和早期诊断动脉血管硬化中具有明确的指导价值。ABI与危险因素的多少相关性较差。