Risk of seizures and subclinical epileptiform activity in patients with dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundSeizures and subclinical epileptiform activity are common yet easily overlooked among demented patients. We aimed to investigate their epidemiological characteristics in patients with dementia from various aspects.MethodsWe retrieved relevant observational studies from PubMed and Embase Library until March 2021. Pooled estimate effects were calculated using random-effects models. This study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42020200949.ResultsOf the 19144 identified studies, 27 were eligible for inclusion. The pooled period prevalence rates of seizures were 4.86% (95%CI: 3.43–6.51%), 2.68% (95%CI: 2.13–3.28%), 2.81% (95%CI: 2.02–3.71%）and 7.13% (95%CI: 2.67–13.14%) among patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Dementia of Lewy Body (DLB), Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Vascular dementia (VaD), respectively. The pooled incidence rate of seizures was [8.4 (95%CI: 4.2–12.7) per 1000 person-years] in AD patients. And the pooled relative risk of seizures in patients with AD was 3.35 (95%CI: 2.69–4.19). Besides, the pooled cumulative incidence rate and prevalence rate of subclinical epileptiform activity among AD patients were [21.41% (95%CI: 0.001–63.60%)] and 9.73% (95%CI: 0.26–28.38%), respectively.ConclusionsThe accurate rates of seizures and subclinical epileptiform activities in the four major dementia types are high. Besides, patients with AD are likely at a higher risk of seizures.     

乳腺癌患者的流行病学特点及中医证型分布的临床研究

目的：从流行病学特点及中医辨证分型分布探索预防和治疗乳腺癌的新思路。方法：通过回顾性调查分析,收集457例乳腺癌住院患者的流行病学基本信息、病理类型和中医辨证分型等情况,分析乳腺癌患者流行病学特点,以及病理类型与中医证型相关性。结果：纳入病例均为女性,≥45周岁的患者358例(78.34%)；产次>1次的患者274例(59.96%),引流产次>1次的患者324例(70.90%)；有吸烟史的患者30例(6.56%),有饮酒史的患者19例(4.16%)；无家族肿瘤疾病史的患者415例(90.81%)。病理类型中浸润性癌(303例)占比最大,中医证型中肝郁痰凝证(246例)、冲任失调证(128例)例数较多。病理类型与中医证型相关性结果显示早期浸润癌与肝郁痰凝证呈正相关(P<0.05),浸润性癌与肝郁痰凝证、冲任失调证呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:乳腺癌患者中医证型多为肝郁痰凝证、冲任失调证,早期浸润癌与肝郁痰凝证,浸润性癌与肝郁痰凝证、冲任失调证具有明显相关性,该结果为中医“治未病”理论预防和治疗乳腺癌提供了新思路与新方法。