Gene expression profiles in primary ovarian serous papillary tumors and normal ovarian epithelium: identification of candidate molecular markers for ovarian cancer diagnosis and therapy

With the goal of identifying genes with a differential pattern of expression between ovarian serous papillary carcinomas (OSPCs) and normal ovarian (NOVA) epithelium and using this knowledge for the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic markers for ovarian cancer, we used oligonucleotide microarrays with probe sets complementary to 12,533 genes to analyze the gene expression profiles of 10 primary OSPC cell lines, 2 established OSPC cell lines (UCI-101, UCI-107) and 5 primary NOVA epithelial cultures. Unsupervised analysis of gene expression data identified 129 and 170 genes that exhibited >5-fold upregulation and downregulation, respectively, in primary OSPC compared to NOVA. Genes overexpressed in established OSPC cell lines had little correlation with those overexpressed in primary OSPC, highlighting the divergence of gene expression that occurs as a result of long-term in vitro growth. Hierarchical clustering of the expression data readily distinguished normal tissue from primary OSPC. Laminin, claudin 3, claudin 4, tumor-associated calcium signal transducers 1 and 2 (TROP-1/Ep-CAM, TROP-2), ladinin 1, S100A2, SERPIN2 (PAI-2), CD24, lipocalin 2, osteopontin, kallikrein 6 (protease M), kallikrein 10, matriptase (TADG-15) and stratifin were among the most highly overexpressed genes in OSPC compared to NOVA. Downregulated genes in OSPC included transforming growth factor-beta receptor III, platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha, SEMACAP3, ras homolog gene family member I (ARHI), thrombospondin 2 and disabled-2/differentially expressed in ovarian carcinoma 2 (Dab2/DOC2). Differential expression of some of these genes, including claudin 3, claudin 4, TROP-1 and CD24, was validated by quantitative RT-PCR and flow cytometry on primary OSPC and NOVA. Immunohistochemical staining of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor specimens from which primary OSPC cultures were derived further confirmed differential expression of CD24 and TROP-1/Ep-CAM markers on OSPC vs. NOVA. These results, obtained with highly purified primary cultures of ovarian cancer, highlight important molecular features of OSPC and may provide a foundation for the development of new type-specific therapies against this disease.     

The role of abdominal-pelvic radiotherapy in the management of uterine papillary serous carcinoma

PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of abdominal-pelvic radiotherapy (APR) as adjuvant treatment for uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC). METHODS AND MATERIAL: The medical records database at the Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre identified 121 patients with the diagnosis of UPSC between 1980 and 2001. Fifty-nine patients received APR as adjuvant treatment. A retrospective chart review was done to evaluate recurrence rates, sites of failure, and treatment toxicity. RESULTS: Of 59 patients who received APR, 30 had advanced-stage disease (Stage III or IV). Eleven had complete surgical staging. Median follow-up was 71 months. Twenty-five of 59 (42%) recurred, with a median time to relapse of 50 months. Five-year disease-free survival was 43%, and 5-year overall survival was 45%. Of the 25 who recurred, only 3 experienced a sole failure outside the irradiated volume. Thirteen women had their treatment interrupted or discontinued because of toxicity. CONCLUSIONS: This single-institution study reveals that there is a high recurrence rate despite APR, especially among patients with advanced stage disease, and the majority of recurrences continue to be within the irradiated volume. The role of APR remains undefined in early disease but its effectiveness is questionable in advanced disease. Innovative strategies are needed to improve outcome in these patients.     

囊性听神经瘤的诊断与治疗

目的 总结囊性听神经瘤的临床特点及治疗效果。方法 22例患者术前均应用CT和MRI进行诊断,应用乙状窦后入路手术切除肿瘤。术中证实,术后病理确诊囊性听神经瘤。结果 22例肿瘤全切除18例,术后面神经功能分级：Ⅱ级4例、Ⅲ级7例、Ⅳ级3例、Ⅴ级2例、Ⅵ级2例;次全切除4例,面神经功能Ⅱ级。结论 由于囊性听神经瘤的临床特点及疗效差,应把它作为一种特殊亚型来处理。     

Macrocystic serous cystadenoma of the pancreas: case report

We report a case of macrocystic serous cystadenoma of the pancreas. The lesion consisted of a large main cyst and several small cysts, and each cyst showed high intensity on T1-weighted and very high intensity on T2-weighted magnetic resonance images. High-intensity cyst contents may be a characteristic, if not a specific, finding of macrocystic serous cystadenoma of the pancreas. Received: 24 April 2000/Accepted: 31 May 2000     

Gelatinous transformation of bone marrow from a starch-free diet

Gelatinous marrow transformation is characterized by marrow hypoplasia, fat atrophy, and gelatinous material deposition, and usually develops as a hematologic complication of chronic wasting disorders. Most of the cases associated with severe nutritional deficiency were seen in anorexia nervosa due to a depletion of protein or fat. This report describes a case of gelatinous transformation attributed to a specific restriction of carbohydrates in diet. The hematologic deficiency was eventually recovered after the patient resumed a regular starch-containing diet. This brief report illustrates the potential side effect of the compulsive dietary behavior on the hematologic system.     

Idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy--a physical complication of stress?

The adverse psychological sequelae of stress are well recognized by occupational health specialists. Potential adverse physical effects, such as ischaemic heart disease, are more contentious but are biologically plausible. This report outlines a case of idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy (ICSC), an uncommon but potentially sight-threatening condition, which is widely accepted amongst ophthalmologists to be stress related. The condition is not referred to in standard occupational health texts or databases. The report includes a brief review of the ophthalmological literature on which the connection between ICSC and stress has been made, and a need for further research promoted.     

中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变荧光素眼底血管造影检查及预后分析

目的 分析中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变(CSC)的临床特征和荧光素眼底血管造影(FFA)特征及预后.方法 对58例(68只眼)CSC患者的视力、初诊年龄、双眼患病率、男女发病比例及FFA特征进行分析.结果 女性CSC患病率比男性低(1:6.25);≤45岁的CSC患者40例(45只眼),其中双眼发病5例,FTA单灶渗漏23只眼(51.1%),多灶渗漏12只眼(26.7%),不典型渗漏10只眼(22.2%);>45岁CSC患者18例(23只眼),其中双眼发病5例,FFA多灶渗漏12只眼(52.2%),不典型渗漏10只眼(43.5%),单灶渗漏1只眼(4.3%).两组比较具有非常显著差异(P<0.01)结论≤45岁FFA表现单灶渗漏及墨渍、喷出型渗漏.>45岁FTA灶型渗漏及色素上皮失代偿,双眼发病较年轻患者多见,复发者渗漏点多靠近原发灶.     

胰腺囊性病变60例分析

目的：探讨胰腺假性囊肿，浆液性囊腺瘤，粘液性囊腺瘤，粘液性囊腺癌的诊断和鉴别诊断及治疗。方法：回顾分析1980年10月到2005年10月收治的胰腺囊性病变60例。其中胰腺假性囊肿47例。浆液性囊腺瘤5例。粘液性囊腺瘤4例，粘液性囊腺癌4例。结果：60例均行手术治疗，假性囊肿行Roux—en—y式吻合。效果好未发生严重并发症和死亡。浆液囊腺瘤、粘液囊腺瘤和粘液囊腺癌均行肿瘤切除，除1例2年前误诊为假性囊肿的粘液囊腺癌行探查术后。8个月死亡外。其余病例无瘤存活。结论：胰腺囊性病变确定为假性囊肿。可行囊肿胃肠内引流。浆液性囊腺瘤、粘液囊腺瘤或粘液性囊腺癌应行病变组织切除，切除后预后较好。     

ER、PR和p53蛋白在子宫浆液性乳头状癌和子宫内膜样癌鉴别诊断中应用的价值

目的:探讨ER、PR和p53蛋白在子宫浆液性乳头状癌(uterine papillary serous carcinoma,UPSC)和子宫内膜样癌(uterine endometrioid carcinoma,UEC)鉴别诊断中应用的价值,同时观察两种肿瘤生物学行为的差异。方法:回顾性分析9例UPSC(研究组)和同时期的117例UEC(对照组)患者的临床资料,比较两组的临床病理特点和免疫组化表达。结果:研究组平均年龄明显大于对照组,在肿瘤分期、组织分级、肌层浸润深度方面,研究组均较对照组严重,而5年生存率比较研究组明显小于对照组,以上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);免疫组化表达方面,研究组p53表达呈阳性者显著多于对照组,而ER(雌激素受体)和PR(孕激素受体)呈阳性表达者则显著少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:UPSC是一种高度恶性的肿瘤,与UEC比较,具有p53高表达而缺乏ER和PR的特点,有助于两者的鉴别诊断。     

Uterine papillary serous carcinoma：Its clinical and fundamental study

Uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) was established as a distinct type of endometrial carcinoma by Lauchlan in 1981 and Hendrickson et al in 1982, and accounted for 1% ～ 10% of endometrial cancers. Theoccurencer of papillary patterns of endometrial adenocarcincma had been reportedly recognized since 1900, while until the late 1970s several authors have had described a variant of papillary endometrial cancer. UPSC is a morphologically unique variant of endometrial carcinoma that is pathologically defined by the presence of high nuclear grade, distinct papillary architechtural changes, psammoma bodies, and extensive lymph- vascular space invasion. CA125 is often mentioned a usefultumor marker either for diagnosis before starting treatment or in monitoring recurrence. The ptimal treatment of UPSC is controversial and appears to be dependent upon the stage of the disease. Primary surgery comprised of TAH/BSO and complete staging is the mainstay of treatment. The patients with recurrent UPSC in many studies were treated with various combinations of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. The molecular basis for the general poor response of UPSC to adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy is not well understood. UPSC tumors are more often aneuploid and contain overexpressed mutant p53 protein as compared to encdometrioid adenocarcinoma. Unlike patients with adenocarcinoma of the endomeutrium, women with UPSC were less likely to be obese, hypertensive, or diabetic.