一元线性回归算法在生物化学分析仪上的应用研究

目的：实现一种应用于生物化学分析仪的定量分析方法。方法：利用一元一次线性回归模型，结合标准曲线来计算待测样本的浓度值。结果：经过验证和临床测试，该算法可满足性能要求，且有效可行。结论：该方法能很好地满足临床应用，并能扩展到工业检测、食品安全等领域。     

Interpreting the Tinnitus Questionnaire (German version): what individual differences are clinically important?

Objective: Reporting of clinical significance is recommended because findings can be statistically significant without being relevant to patients. For aiding clinical interpretation of the Tinnitus Questionnaire (TQ), many investigators use a 5-point change cut-off as a minimal clinically important difference (MCID). But there are shortcomings in how this value was originally determined. Design: The MCID was evaluated by analysing retrospective clinical data on the TQ (German version). Following recommended standards, multiple estimates were computed using anchor- and distribution-based statistical methods. These took into account not only patients’ experience of clinical improvement, but also measurement reliability. Study sample: Pre- and post-intervention scores were assessed for 202 patients. Results: Our six estimates ranged from 5 to 21 points in TQ change score from pre- to post- intervention. The 5-point TQ change score was obtained using a method that considered change between groups, and did not account for measurement error or bias. The size of the measurement error was considerable, and this comprises interpretation of individual patient change scores. Conclusions: To enhance confidence that a TQ change over time in individual patients is clinically meaningful, we advise at least the median MCID of 12 points.     

2018年上海市闵行区某镇中小学生裸眼视力及屈光发育状态分析

目的 了解上海市颛桥镇中小学生视力与屈光状况,为社区中小学生眼病防治提供科学依据。方法 运用描述性流行病学方法对2018年上海市颛桥镇6～16周岁中小学生视力与屈光状态资料进行统计分析。结果 2018年颛桥镇中小学生裸眼视力异常发生率为32.69%;屈光异常近视发生率为63.07%,远视发生率为1.40%,散光发生率为8.88%。9、11、12、13岁组男女生裸眼视力异常发生率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。2018年颛桥镇中小学生左右眼等效球镜(SE)值分别为(-0.70±1.75)、(-0.82±1.77),各年龄组右眼SE值低于左眼,除16岁组外,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。性别、年龄、父母近视状态、屈光状态是影响学生裸眼视力筛查异常的主要因素。结论 颛桥社区中小学生视力与屈光状态现状不容乐观。屈光异常以近视居多,且右眼近视程度高于左眼。应继续巩固中小学眼保健的宣教、常规视力检测和屈光状态筛查。     

The potential of an automated system to identify the upper limb component of a controlled sitting posture

Full trunk control in sitting is demonstrated only when the head-trunk are aligned and upper limbs remain free of contact from mechanical support. These components represent a Controlled Kinetic Chain and can be evaluated in people with neuromotor disability using the Segmental Assessment of Trunk Control (SATCo) when a therapist provides manual trunk support at different segmental levels. However, the SATCo, as with other clinical assessments of control, is subjective. The SATCo was translated to objective rules relating the position of the hands and elbows to the head-trunk and then tested to determine the extent to which this automated objective method replicated the clinical judgement.Clinical evaluation used video to determine whether the upper limb was free of mechanical support while the objective evaluation used 3D motion capture of the trunk and upper limbs with a classification rule. The agreement between clinical and objective classification was calculated for three conditions of a distance-from-support-surface threshold parameter in five healthy adults and five children with cerebral palsy.The unfitted (zero-threshold values) method replicated the clinical judgement in part (68.26% ± 15.7, adults, 48.3% ± 33.9 children). The fitted (level-of-support determined) agreement showed that the process could be refined using trial specific parameters (88.32% ± 5.3 adults, 89.84% ± 10.2 children). The fixed-values agreement showed high values when using general group parameters (80.80% ± 3.1 adults, 74.31% ± 21.5 children).This objective classification of the upper limb component of trunk control largely captures the clinical evaluation. It provides the first stages in development of a clinically-friendly fully automated method.     

剖宫产术后腹壁切口愈合不良的原因

随着我国科技的快速发展以及社会因素、剖宫产手术技术的提高,广大的孕妇对于剖宫产分娩出来胎儿的方法已普遍接受。随着剖宫产率的增高,人们关注的重点反而不是剖宫产,而是在剖宫产后相关并发症,这其中主要是剖宫产术后腹壁切口愈合不良,主要的症状有切口脂肪液化、切口裂开、切口感染等,这些并发症的产生对孕妇及其家属的精神上、身体上、工作上以及经济上都造成了不同程度的损害。如果并发症发生严重情况,甚至会对产妇的生命造成威胁。与此同时,产科的医生所受到的压力也增加起来,而且病床周转率也随之降低。笔者根据本院一些临床实例对剖宫产术后腹壁切口愈合不良的原因进行分析,以此为临床提供能够有效预防与控制剖宫产术后腹壁切口愈合不良以及对愈合不良切口的处理方法。