博宁霉素霜剂对牛乳头瘤病毒所致奶牛乳头瘤的疗效观察

目的 观察博宁霉素霜剂对牛乳头瘤病毒所致奶牛乳头瘤的疗效。方法 将临床患病牛随机分为2组每次将药物和基质分别涂于试验牛及对照牛乳头皮肤的肿瘤上，每日3次，连续进行10d。结果 试验组2例指状乳头状瘤分别于第6天和第9天完全脱落；4例扁平瘤虽未脱落，但瘤体表面均发生明显的剥蚀；对照组均未发生此类现象。结论 博宁霉索霜剂对奶牛乳头的皮肤无损害作用，但可选择性地使指状乳头瘤脱落，扁平瘤剥蚀、脱皮，呈现良好的治疗作用。     

VEGF,PDGF和MVD在喉癌中的表达及临床意义

目的 探讨血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF),血小板来源的内皮生长因子(platelet-derived endothelial growth factor,PDGF),Ⅷ因子测定的微血管密度(microvessel density,MVD)与喉癌微血管生成、临床分期和病理分级的关系。方法 应用免疫组织化学LASB法检测1998～1999年40例喉鳞状细胞癌和11例喉正常粘膜VEGF、PDGF、微血管密度的表达情况,结合临床相关因素进行统计分析。结果 喉鳞状细胞癌中VEGF表达在肿瘤T分级、临床分期、淋巴结转移和病理分级中有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PDGF计数标识指数与病人肿瘤T分级、临床分期中差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。MVD测定均数在早、晚期分组中有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 喉癌的发展、侵袭需要持续的新生血管,本实验提示肿瘤增殖与理论相符,VEGF、PDGF和MVD可作为临床预测重要参考指标。     

中山市1970年～1999年喉癌发病趋势分析

目的 探讨1970-1999年期间中山市喉癌发病状况及其趋势，为防治提供科学依据。方法收集、整理中山市1970—1999年期间肿瘤登记资料中的喉癌发病资料，统计分析其发病数、发病粗率、中国与世界标化发病率等指标。结果 1995～1999年期间中山市喉癌男、女与合计世界标化发病率分别为5．83／105、0．67／105、2．97／10^5，且1970—1999年期间其发病率具有明显上升趋势。结论 与国外相比，虽然中山市喉癌发病率处于较低水平，但与同期中国农村试点相比，则处于较高水平，提示中山市应加强喉癌的防治。     

环氧合酶-2在宫颈癌中的表达及其与HPV16感染的关系

目的：探讨环氧合酶-2(COX-2)在宫颈癌发生发展中的作用，分析COX-2与宫颈癌中HPV16感染之间的关系。方法：收集46例宫颈癌组织作为实验组，31例健康的宫颈组织作为对照组。用免疫组化方法检测各组的COX-2表达水平。用PCK方法检测宫颈癌组的HPV16DNA。结果：COX-2在宫颈癌组织中有较高表达；COX-2在宫颈癌组织中表达与年龄、临床分期、组织分化程度、浸润深度之间均无相关性。而与淋巴结转移有显著相关性；宫颈癌组织中HPV16DNA阳性率为5652％(26/46)。在COX-2表达阳性的宫颈癌组织中，HPV16DNA阳性组的染色分值明显高于HPV16DNA阴性组。结论：宫颈癌的发生发展中有COX-2的参与。并且COX-2与宫颈癌的转移密切相关。宫颈癌中COX-2高表达与HPV16感染可能有一定的相关性。     

纤维喉镜与核磁共振（MRI）在喉癌诊断中的应用

将２５例喉癌的术前纤维喉镜检查和喉部ＭＲＩ与手术、病理进行比较，结果提示：纤维喉镜是喉癌诊断的最基本和最重要手段，能对Ｔ１、Ｔ２声门癌作出准确分期；ＭＲＩ对显示粘膜面肿瘤虽然并不重要，但能准确判断肿瘤对会厌前隙、声门旁隙、喉软骨及喉外的侵犯；两者作用互补，对喉癌的诊断、术前分期及手术方法的选择具有重要意义。     

Tobacco, alcohol use, and risks of laryngeal and lung cancer by subsite and histologic type in Turkey

Effects of tobacco smoking and alcohol use on risks of cancers of thelarynx and lung have been evaluated extensively in industrialized countries.Few studies on the effect of these risk factors have been reported fromdeveloping countries. We conducted a case-control study to evaluate risks oflaryngeal and lung cancers in men by subsite and cell type in relation tosmoking and alcohol drinking in Turkey, a country where smoking and alcoholconsumption patterns are different from those in industrialized countries. Weidentified 832 laryngeal and 1,210 lung cancer cases and 829 controls withinformation on smoking and alcohol use (amount and duration) and histologiccell type from an oncology treatment center of a Social Security Agencyhospital in Istanbul, Turkey, admitted between 1979 and 1984. Both laryngealand lung cancer showed significant associations with smoking and alcoholdrinking, but no monotonic dose-response was obtained for alcohol drinking.Among smokers, the highest risks were observed in the supraglottis region ofthe larynx (odds ratio [OR] = 4.1) after adjustment for age and alcohol use.Among alcohol drinkers, the highest risks were observed in the glottis regionof the larynx (OR = 1.7) after adjustment for age and smoking. In theanalysis by the cell type of lung cancer among ever-smokers, small cell typeshowed the highest risk (OR = 5.4), while it showed no association withalcohol drinking. Cumulative cigarette use (pack-years) and number ofcigarettes per day showed stronger associations than years smoked for bothcancer sites. The relative risks of joint exposure to smoking and alcoholwere 12.2 for laryngeal cancer and 14.1 for lung cancer among heavy smokersand heavy alcohol drinkers. This study provides epidemiologic evidence fromTurkey that smoking and alcohol use are associated with risks of cancers ofthe larynx and lung.     

人乳头状瘤病毒与鼻内翻性乳头状瘤的关系

为探讨人乳头状瘤病毒（ＨＰＶ）感染与鼻内翻性乳头状瘤（ＩＰ）发病及其恶变的关系，研究选取组织病理确认为ＩＰ（３６例）和ＩＰ癌变（１６例）的石蜡包埋标本，采用多聚酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）方法对标本进行ＨＰＶ相关ＤＮＡ序列扩增。结果显示：３６例ＩＰ组织有２１例（５８．３％）为ＨＰＶ阳性；１６例ＩＰ癌变组织中有１１例（６８．８％）阳性。经统计学处理，二者间无显著性差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）．提示ＨＰＶ感染在ＩＰ的发     

鼻内翻性乳头状瘤及其癌变与p53蛋白异常表达

目的：探讨鼻内翻性乳头状瘤及其癌变与ｐ５３基因的关系。方法：采用免疫组化方法（ＡＢＣ法）对３６例鼻内翻性乳头状瘤（ＩＰ）组织和１６例鼻内翻性乳头状瘤癌变（ＩＰ＋ＳＣＣ）组织进行了ｐ５３蛋白检测。结果：３６例ＩＰ均为ｐ５３蛋白阴性，而在１６例ＩＰ＋ＳＣＣ组织中有５例为ｐ５３蛋白阳性，阳性率为３１．３％（５／１６），经统计学处理，二者差异显著（Ｐ〈０．００１）。结论：ｐ５３蛋白异常表达可能与ＩＰ的发生     

Expression of invasion markers CD44v6/v3, NM23 and MMP2 in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma

Twelve laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cases (7 laryngeal and 5 hypopharyngeal cancer; 15 samples) were analysed by immunohistochemistry for the expression of invasion markers CD44v6/v3, NM23 and matrix metalloproteinase, MMP2. The laryngeal epithelium showed CD44v6⁺v3⁺NM23^- /MMP2^- phenotype. When tumors were grouped into TNM categories the phenotype of the T2 and T3 tumors was similar, characterised by decreased CD44v3⁺ and lack of MMP2 expressions. Meanwhile the NM23 expression was more frequent in T3 tumors. In T4 stage the frequency of NM23 and MMP2 positive cases increased (5/6 and 4/6, respectively) but there was no correlation with the appearence of lymph node metastasis. Comparison of the phenotype of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal tumors, irrespective of the TNM stages, revealed characteristic differences: T2 stage laryngeal tumors showed decreased CD44v3 and occasional NM23 and MMP2 positivity, while in T3 stage these tumors were characterised by increased frequency of NM23 positivity. The phenotype of the hypopharyngeal tumors was significantly different with a high frequency of MMP2 positive cases (5/6) and NM23⁺1ow CD44v3⁺ phenotype. The sharp differences in the phenotypes of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas were connected to the differences in their invasive capacity unlike to the size of the tumors, since the T4 stage hypopharyngeal tumors had a significantly smaller size than laryngeal ones, even at lower stages. This work was supported by the Hungarian Ministry of Welfare: ETT No: T-11-100/93     

VEGF受体flk-1的表达与喉粘膜上皮癌变发生和转移的关系

 目的:观察血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)受体flk－1在不典型增生及鳞癌中的表达,用图象分析系统定量的方法观察flk-1与喉癌的生长、浸润及转移的关系。方法:用抗flk－1抗体,在经过微波处理组织暴露抗原后,进行标准化的EliteABC染色,并通过图象分析系统确定flk-1在不典型增生、鳞癌中的表达。结果:在不典型增生及鳞癌中flk－1均有表达。在组织中,flk－1不仅在血管内皮细胞中、在部分浆细胞和巨噬细胞中也呈阳性反应。鳞癌组中的flk－1的表达明显高于不典型增生组(P<0.05)。在鳞癌中,随着分化程度的下降,flk-1表达有逐渐递增的趋势。在鳞癌组中发生转移的病变flk-1的表达明显高于未转移组(P<0.05)。相关分析显示flk－1的表达与肿瘤的临床分期密切相关。结论:VEGF通过自分泌和旁分泌的途径影响肿瘤细胞生长及间质中新生血管的形成,肿瘤细胞的生长与血管的发生相互依赖。flk-1与喉癌的生长、浸润及转移密切相关,flk-1可能作为一个判断预后的重要指标。