Mucinous adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation of the mandibular ramus: report of a case

A rare case of mucinous adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation of the mandibular ramus is presented. The patient, an 80-year-old man, was referred to our hospital with chief complaint of swelling and pain in the left buccal mucosa. CT and MRI examination showed an osteolytic tumor mass occupying the upper region of the left mandibular ramus. Macroscopically, the excised tumor was a relatively well-defined, solid mass with diffuse bone resorption, measuring 3 cm x 3.2 cm x 3 cm. Microscopical examination showed that the tumor forming glandular structures with abundant mucous production and high cellular atypia. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated the positive reactivities for pan-keratin, cytokeratin 7, vimentin,alpha-amylase, alpha-smooth muscle actin, neuron-specific enolase, glial fibrillary acid protein, calcitonin, and somatostatin in tumor cells. These findings suggested that the tumor was originated from heterotopic or misplaced salivary gland in the mandible.     

Inhibition by indomethacin of spontaneous mammary tumorigenesis in SHN mice

This experiment was designed to examine the effects of indomethacin, a potent prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor, on spontaneous mammary tumors in mice. The growth of established mammary tumors and the appearance of new tumors in multiparous SHN mice were significantly suppressed by the subcutaneous implantation of pellets of indomethacin diluted to 1/12 with cholesterol. Furthermore, the same treatment inhibited normal and preneoplastic mammary gland growth in virgin SHN mice. The pattern of estrous cycles, ovarian structure, and plasma prolactin levels were not affected significantly by the treatment. All results have demonstrated that indomethacin inhibits mammary tumorigenesis of mice primarily by route(s) other than the endocrine system under the present experimental conditions. Indomethacin would be the first agent that appears to inhibit the growth of spontaneous mammary tumors of palpable size in mice.     

Presence of ghost cells and the Wnt signaling pathway in odontomas

BACKGROUND: Although it has been reported that ghost cells are present in odontomas, the generation mechanism of these cells is unclear. To evaluate the presence of ghost cells and involvement of the Wnt signaling pathway, we examined the expression of hard keratins, beta-catenin and Lef-1 in odontomas. METHODS: Sixty-nine cases of odontoma were examined immunohistochemically with the use of antibodies against human hair proteins, beta-catenin and Lef-1. RESULTS: Expression of hard keratins was found only in the cytoplasm of ghost cells in 46 (66.7%) of the 69 odontomas. Compound odontomas (78.8%) showed a higher incidence of ghost cells than complex odontomas (29.4%). Histopathologically, ghost cells were found within odontogenic epithelium adjacent to immature enamel and in the centre of Liesegang-ring-like calcified materials. Expression of beta-catenin and Lef-1 was observed in the cytoplasm and nucleus of odontogenic epithelial cells adjacent to the ghost cells in immature odontomas. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that odontoma is a hard keratin-expressing tumor-like lesion, and that the Wnt signaling pathway may be involved in the formation of ghost cells in odontomas.     

小儿早期睾丸卵黄囊瘤12例报告

目的：提高对小儿早期睾丸卵黄囊瘤的诊断与治疗水平。方法：回顾性分析12例小儿早期睾丸卵黄囊瘤的病例资料。结果：12例患者术前行阴囊B超示睾丸增大，内部回声不均匀，7例可见睾丸内积液改变；甲胎蛋白(AFP)值均明显升高。12例均行根治性睾丸切除术，术后行病理检查确诊。术前、术后均未行化疗，9例随诊5年未见复发，2002年就诊的3例目前未见复发症状。结论：小儿早期睾丸卵黄囊瘤可根据相关检查结果，结合病理检查确诊。治疗方法为行根治性睾丸切除，可不作化疗，预后较好。     

18F-FDG PET鉴别肾上腺良恶性肿瘤的临床价值

目的：评价^18F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖正电子发射计算机断层显像(^18F-FDG PET)在肾上腺病变定性诊断中的应用价值。方法：回顾性分析22例28个肾上腺肿瘤患者的临床资料，均采用^18F-FDG PET显像，以鉴别肾上腺肿瘤为原发性抑或继发性，同期均行CT检查。结果：CT检查28个肿瘤中22个为恶性肿瘤(其中6个经手术或活检证实，16个随访证实)，6个通过活检或随访证实为良性病变。CT发现的19个肾上腺肿瘤中。17个为恶性肿瘤，^18F—FDG PET显像均为阳性。^18F—FDG PET对肾上腺肿瘤的定性判断的灵敏度、特异度和准确度分别为100％、66．7％和92．9％。结论：^18F—FDG PET通过肿瘤的葡萄糖代谢程度来判定病变的性质，对肾上腺恶性病变的标准摄取率(SUV)相对较高，在肾上腺肿瘤良恶性鉴别中可以提供重要的依据。     

介入栓塞术在头颈部肿瘤放射治疗后大出血中的应用

目的:探讨介入栓塞术治疗头颈部肿瘤放射治疗后大出血的临床应用价值。方法 :对 6例头颈部肿瘤放射治疗后大出血患者采用数字减影血管造影技术 (DSA)对颈外动脉分支进行介入栓塞治疗。结果:6例病例在DSA下均显示出血血管 ,栓塞后出血停止 ,临床效果满意。 结论:DSA下介入栓塞止血对头颈部肿瘤放射治疗后大出血是一种较为理想的治疗手段 ,操作简便、安全。     

Structural and ultrastructural characteristics of human pineal gland,and pineal parenchymal tumors

We have studied 20 pineal parenchymal tumors (PPT) and 4 normal or cystic pineal glands both by light and electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry with antibodies against glial markers [glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and protein S-100] or neural/neuroendocrine markers [neurofilaments (NF), synaptophysin and chromogranin A]. Light microscopy revealed the cellular organization of pinealocytes in the normal gland and in different morphological types of pineal tumors (typical pineocytomas, PPT with intermediate differentiation, mixed PPT exhibiting elements of both pineocytoma and pineoblastoma and pineoblastomas). Immunohistochemistry showed the presence of GFAP and protein S-100 in interstitial cells in nonneoplastic pineal gland. Cell processes were labeled with anti-synaptophysin and anti-NF antibodies. No immunoreactivity was found for chromogranin A in non-neoplastic pineal gland. In pineocytomas, GFAP and protein S-100 were observed in interstitial cells. Synaptophysin and NF were present in the large rosettes of pineocytomas. Synaptophysin, NF and chromogranin A were present in pineocytomas with a lobular arrangement of cells. Anti-chromogranin A immuno-reactivity was also seen in lobular areas of some PPT with intermediate differentiation. Analysis of normal human pineal gland by electron microscopy showed the presence of vesicle-crowned rodlets (VCR or synaptic ribbons), fibrous filaments (F), paired twisted filaments but few dense-core vesicles (DCV) in normal pinealocytes. Tumoral pineal cells appeared to differentiate either towards a neurosensory pathway characterized by the presence of sensory cells elements (VCR and F), or towards a neuroendocrine pathway, with the occurrence of many DCV. Immunogold labeling demonstrated the presence of chromogranin A in neurosecretory granules.Supported by grants from the Région Rhône Alpes and from INSERM (CJF 90-10)     

幕上原始神经外胚叶瘤的影像学表现

目的 探讨幕上原始神经外胚叶瘤（SPNET）的MRI及CT特征。方法 回顾性分析10例经手术病理证实的SPNET的MRI及CT表现。结果 SPNET的影像学表现有以下特点；（1）肿瘤呈类圆形，边界清楚，病灶周围无水肿或水肿较轻，且大部分位于中线附近及侧脑室旁，少数位于皮层下；（2）MRI示肿瘤实质T1WI呈稍低或等倍，T2WI呈等信号，与脑灰质信号相等，增强较明显。（3）CT示肿瘤实质呈稍高密度，影像学表现与髓母细胞瘤相似。（4）中线附近的肿瘤为实体结构。无囊变；囊变明显的肿瘤多们于皮质下。（5）部分肿瘤内有出血或钙化，有的可见到脑脊液扩散灶。结论 SPNET影像学表现有一定特征。结合其影像学表现及临床症状有助于与其他肿瘤区分。     

Evaluation of CHIP (iproplatin) in recurrent pediatric malignant solid tumors

CHIP (325 mg/M²), a second generation cisplatin derivative, was administered intravenously every 3 weeks to 85 pediatric patients with recurrent sarcomas (19), osteosarcomas (20), neuroblastoma (23), germ cell tumors (10), and other malignant tumors (7). Thirty-eight of them had been previously exposed to cisplatin. Partial remissions were only observed in 3 of 23 (13% SE=7%) patients having neuroblastoma. Severe thrombocytopenia (65%) and neutropenia (35%) were the dose limiting factors.     

The proliferation rate of intracranial tumors as defined by the monoclonal antibody KI 67. Application of the method to paraffin embedded specimens

60 intracranial tumors have been studied immunohistochemically to determine the proliferation rate by staining for the monoclonal antibody KI-67, which recognizes a nuclear antigen expressed by cells in proliferation. In gliomas a clear correlation of stained nuclei to the histologically determined degree of malignancy was found: slow growing astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas had an average proliferation rate of 1%, more malignant forms of 7–10%. Glioblastomas were found to have a growth fraction of 15%. Metastases had an even higher rate of 20% proliferating cells. In meningiomas the proliferation rate was mainly about 1%, but in three cases it was between 5% and 7%. Whether this is indicative for a higher risk of tumor recurrence, remains to be correlated to the clinical course. Hemangiopericytomas had a proliferation rate of 9% and 16%, respectively, the latter recurring within four months. It may be concluded from the results of this study, that investigation of intracranial tumors with KI 67 may be of prognostic value and can possibly contribute to an individualized tumor therapy.