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Reflectance near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has become a suitable and easily manageable method to monitor cerebral oxygenation changes in presyncopal and syncopal symptoms caused by postural changing or standing. A new clinical tissue oxygenation monitor has been recently developed which measures absolute tissue haemoglobin saturation (Tissue Oxygenation Index, TOI) utilizing spatially resolved spectroscopy (SRS). The present study examined the effects of postural changes on cerebral oxygenation as reflected in SRS-NIRS findings. Cerebral oxyhaemoglobin (O2Hb), deoxyhaemoglobin (HHb), and the TOI were recorded from both sides of the forehead in five healthy male subjects (age range, 28-40 years) during 90 degrees head-up tilt (HUT) and -6 degrees head-down tilt (HDT). Three series of measurements were carried out on separate days. O2Hb was decreased during HUT. TOI was significantly lower in HUT than in the supine position (SUP). There was no significant change in TOI during HDT. A significant session effect was observed in the left forehead TOI during SUP, but not in the right. SRS-NIRS measurements confirmed sub-clinical alterations of cortical oxygenation during HUT. NIRS data from the left side of the forehead, which may vary with cognitive or emotional activation, were more variable than those from the right side.  相似文献   
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Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) is a rare neurodegenerative syndrome characterized by initial predominant visuoperceptual deficits followed by a progressive decline in other cognitive functions. This syndrome has not been as thoroughly described as other dementias, particularly from a neuropsychological evolution perspective with only a few studies describing the evolution of its cognitive progression. In this investigation we review the literature on this rare condition and we perform a 7-year neuropsychological and neuroradiological follow-up of a 64-year-old man with PCA. The subject’s deficits initially appeared in his visuoperceptual skills with later affectation appearing in language and other cognitive functions, this being coherent with the patient’s parieto-temporal atrophy evolution.  相似文献   
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清热醒神颗粒治疗脑卒中阳闭证的临床研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的 :观察清热醒神颗粒治疗脑卒中阳闭证的临床疗效。方法 :选择符合脑卒中中西医诊断标准及中医证候诊断为阳闭证病人 78例 ,随机分为治疗组 46例和对照组 3 2例。治疗组运用清热醒神颗粒配合醒脑净注射液静脉输注 ,对照组单用醒脑净注射液静脉输注 ,治疗2 1d后采用脑卒中疗效评定标准和Glasgow意识障碍判断标准评价临床疗效及意识障碍改善情况。结果 :治疗组临床疗效及意识障碍改善明显优于对照组 ,有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :清热醒神颗粒能明显提高脑卒中阳闭证的治疗效果 ,是治疗脑卒中阳闭证安全有效的药物。  相似文献   
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目的:对自杀未遂者实施社会心理干预,促进自杀干预工作的开展。方法:采用方便取样的方法,将某农村地区综合医院急诊室救治的115例自杀未遂者纳入研究。采用WHO健康量表、情绪稳定性量表、BECK抑郁自评量表等对115例被试评估后,将其随机分为干预组(n=58)和对照组(n=57)。对干预组实施心理社会干预,包括在院时针对自杀预防的健康教育和出院后18个月内的7次入户随访干预,而对照组仅在住院时给予必要的情绪舒缓。出院后18个月时采用入组时的测查工具,加上生活质量量表、目前感觉状态自我评价量表、应付方式问卷、社会支持量表对两组再次进行评估并比较。结果:出院后18个月内,干预组中1例自杀未遂,对照组中4例出现自杀行为(自杀未遂2例,自杀死亡2例),两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。出院后18个月时,干预组WHO健康量表得分增值高于对照组(P0.05),两组在Beck抑郁量表、情绪稳定性量表减少分值差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。干预组出院18个月时的自我感觉评价得分,应对方式量表中的解决问题得分,社会支持量表中的主观支持、客观支持、支持总分均高于对照组(均P0.05),而自责得分低于对照组(均P0.05)。结论:本研究提示对农村自杀未遂者实施社会心理干预能够一定程度上改善其精神心理活动状况,降低绝望感,从而降低再自杀行为发生风险。  相似文献   
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BACKGROUND: The present study describes the outcome at 3 years in term and near-term infants treated with inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN). METHODS: The study population consisted of 18 infants delivered at 34 weeks by best obstetric estimate who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care units with a diagnosis of PPHN. RESULTS: Eighteen infants (mean gestational age 38.5 +/- 2.6 weeks, mean birthweight 3015 +/- 587 g) were treated with iNO. The mean oxygenation index before iNO was 27.2 +/- 15.2. Responses to iNO were classified into three groups: (i) early response in eight infants; (ii) late response in two; and (iii) poor response in eight infants. Three infants died within seven postnatal days. Fifteen surviving infants were followed up to 3 years. The mean developmental scale was 98.4 +/- 9.0. One infant was diagnosed with severe neurodevelopmental disability due to cerebral palsy. Another infant was diagnosed with mild neurodevelopmental disability because of a low developmental scale. No infant showed significant hearing loss. Five infants had reactive airway disease (RAD) at 18 months, these infants required a significantly longer duration of mechanical ventilation in their neonatal period than non-RAD infants (P = 0.02). The frequency of survival with normal neurodevelopmental outcome was significantly higher in the early response group than the late or poor response groups (P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: In iNO-treated PPHN, mortality and neurodevelopmental outcome were associated with response to iNO, and pulmonary outcome was associated with duration of mechanical ventilation.  相似文献   
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