Diet and premenopausal bilateral breast cancer: A case-control study

We investigated associations between diet and premenopausal bilateral breast cancer in a familial matched case-control study. We studied 140 cases from population-based registries in Los Angeles County (California) and Connecticut, and from the major hospitals in the southern parts of the Province of Quebec. Unaffected sisters of the cases served as matched controls (222 total). Dietary intake were assessed with a food frequency questionnaire. Total fat, monounsaturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, oleic acid, and linoleic acid intake was inversely associated with premenopausal bilateral breast cancer risk. Consumption of carbohydrates (and sweetened beverages) was associated with an increased risk. We observed no associations for dietary fiber, antioxidants, or major food groupings, but we did observe inverse associations for intake of low fat dairy products and tofu. These findings suggest that monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats, as well as soy foods, might reduce the risk of premenopausal bilateral breast cancer.     

负载型丝光沸石催化剂的催化性能研究

运用二元碱氮置换吸附红外光谱法、分子筛孔径分布测定技术、XPS技术,考察了丝光沸石表面酸性与孔结构的相互关系、钯在丝光沸石上分布情况和价态及其与沸石的相互作用。结果表明,随着丝光沸石脱铝程度的增加,表面出现大量不规整晶格,存在较多的次级孔道。强质子酸中心主要分布在它的“外表面”。钯在其表面富集,并与“外表面”上的质子酸中心协同作用,促进了轻质烷烃异构化反应。     

Site selection for fat autotransplantation: Some observations

The use of autologous fat for implantation has recently received renewed attention in the plastic surgery literature. Autologous fat reportedly has been used for the treatment of wrinkles and Romberg's disease, and for buttock and breast augmentation. While some measure of success has been achieved, many surgeons report that substantial resorption of fat tissue occurs at the site of implantation. There is lack of unanimity regarding the ideal site for extraction or injection in order to minimize fat resorption. Adipose tissue samples were taken from women undergoing surgical procedures on the abdomen, gluteal-femoral region, and breast. Facial adipose tissue samples from men and women were also analyzed. Adipocytes were isolated chemically and sized microscopically. Activity of the lipogenic enzyme adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase (ATLPL) was measured in frozen samples. Results suggest that femoral site samples are somewhat larger (NS) and have greater lipogenic activity (p<0.03) than other sites. In our study, small facial samples had very low or unmeasurable levels of ATLPL activity. Perhaps cell size and lipogenic activity should be considered when selecting tissues for autotransplantation.     

呋苄青霉素药代动力学及组织分布的研究

呋苄青霉素是由我国开发成功的一个酰脲类青霉素。本项研究采用微生物法,以狗和正常人为受试对象,以氧哌嗪青霉素和羧苄青霉素为对照进行药代动力学研究,结果表明,3个药的药—时曲线符合二室开放式模型,呋苄青霉素较其它对照药具较高的即刻血浓度和较低的肾清除率。用微生物法和放射自显影法测定的呋苄青霉素在小鼠体内组织分布汪明,呋苄青霉素广泛分布于体内各组织,尤其在肺、肝、肠中的浓度明显高于羧苄青霉素。     

The role of low fat diets in the management of gall-bladder disease

This paper presents the results obtained from 87 questionnaires completed by dietitians about the dietary management of gall-biadder disease. Of the patients referred to the dietitians, 86% were referred by surgeons. Of the dietitians that responded 77% thought that there was a role for low fat diets in the management of these patients; 92% would advise a low fat diet to help avoid pain, and 11% would advise a low fat diet to patients with gall-bladder disease who did not have pain, steatorrhoea or obesity.
The paper reviews the available evidence concerning the effect of dietary fat on the gall-bladder; it is concluded that, at present, there is little data to support the therapeutic use of a low fat diet for individuals with gall-stones.     

Body fat in identical twins reared apart: Roles for genes and environment

We report analyses of data on body fat from a cohort of 34 separated monozygotic twin pairs (MZA) and a matched sample of 38 pairs of monozygotic twins reared together (MZT) originally studied by James Shields. The correlation for MZA pairs was. 61 and the correlation for MZT pairs was. 75. These correlations did not differ significantly, nor did correlations differ between MZA pairs subclassified as having been raised in relatively more or less similar environments. Our results suggest important roles for both genes and environment in the accumulation of body fat and support other adoption studies in suggesting that adult environments rather than rearing environments are the most important nongenetic determinants of levels of body fat in adults.Supported by National Institute of Mental Health Grant MH43409 to R.A.P. and a Grant in Aid from the Dight Institute of Human Genetics to I.I.G.     

医院统计在医院要素分配中的作用

目的 为支持医院内部要素分配调整改革，医院统计应展开与要素分配有关的项目进行统计，为医院要素分配向高、精、尖、绩效好的医务人员倾斜提供统计数据。方法 应用ExCEL软件的合并功能对病人信息和病案信息进行深层次的挖掘、提取、重新整合统计，制成简明易懂的统计报表给予反馈公布，作为医师提取个人奖酬、职称晋升或聘任竞岗的考核依据。结果通过统计作用实现了劳动价值创造，调动了广大医务人员的积极性，促使医院经营理念成为引导个人自觉行为的杠杆，实现了医院提高综合竞争实力的整体效应。结论 要素分配中统计工作应遵循公平、合理、反映医院经营理念的原则和利用网络科技实现高效管理并且应与改革同步，深化统计内涵，完善医院的统计方法。     

基于系统输出分布的智能控制

提出了文题所述的控制策略,依据输出分布曲线的特征变量选取方法和依据该项信息的规则控制系统。仿真研究得到了满意的结果。在一个实验性二元精馏塔上用IBM-PC进行试验亦获成功。本法对具有非线性特性的分布参数对象,较常规控制策略有明显的优越性。     

Medpor与游离真皮脂肪移植修复上颌骨及软组织缺损畸形

目的：寻找一种修复上颌骨及软组织缺损的理想方法。方法：采用Medpor与游离真皮脂肪移植，对不同原因所致的上颌骨及软组织缺损畸形进行整复。结果：临床治疗5例，面部畸形均得到良好矫正。结论：这一手术方法创伤小，可塑性强，且大大降低了软组织移植吸收、坏死等并发症的发生，是修复上颌骨及软组织缺损的可取方法。     

汽车驾驶员注意力分配测试的研究

以ＢＤＸＬ－Ⅱ型注意力分配测试仪对某汽车队１７７名驾驶员和１３９名非驾驶员进行了注意力分配检查，并计算每人注意力分配量Ｑ值。结果表明，驾驶员组注意力分配及视、听觉反应速度有随年龄和驾车年数增长而下降的趋势，Ｑ值及视、听觉反应测试得分与对照组相比差异有显著性。