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101.
目的:探讨解毒通络方在大鼠心肌纤维化进程中的作用,并阐明其作用机制.方法:30只SPF级Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、卡托普利组、低剂量解毒通络方组和高剂量解毒通络方组(n=6),以5 mg·kg-1盐酸异丙肾上腺素皮下注射法复制大鼠心肌纤维化模型,卡托普利组、低剂量解毒通络方组和高剂量解毒通络方组大鼠分...  相似文献   
102.
寡转移性非小细胞肺癌( NSCLC)不同于广泛转移的晚期 NSCLC,针对寡转移灶局部治疗可获得潜在治愈的可能。立体定向放射治疗( SBRT)作为有效的局部治疗手段,联合化疗、络氨酸激酶抑制剂( TKIs)、免疫检查点抑制剂( ICIs)、抗血管生成等可以为晚期 NSCLC病人带来生存获益。该文回顾了 SBRT在寡转移性 NSCLC的研究,从 SBRT对寡转移性 NSCLC的治疗效果、 SBRT联合 TKIs和 SBRT联合 ICIs的临床研究进展展开综述。  相似文献   
103.
目的探讨缺氧状态下整合素连接激酶(ILK)的表达是否增高以及这种增高与血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的表达上调是否相关。方法将恒河猴视网膜脉络膜血管内皮细胞(RF/6A)置于94%N2、5%CO2和1%O2的低氧环境,检测0、1、2、3、4hILK,HIF-1α和VEGF的mRNA及蛋白表达水平,进一步用LY294002抑制ILK的活性或RNA干扰抑制ILK的表达后再次检测缺氧4h上述3种因子的表达情况。结果在缺氧0hILK、HIF-1α和VEGF的mRNA及蛋白表达均较低,而缺氧1~4hILK、HIF-1α和VEGF的mRNA及蛋白表达均明显增高,但这种增高都会因为ILK的表达或活性受到抑制而被抑制。结论缺氧状态下在RF/6A细胞中ILK的表达增高,并且ILK的表达增高也会使HIF-1α和VEGF表达上调,说明ILK参与缺氧状态下RF/6A细胞VEGF的表达。  相似文献   
104.
目的探讨酸性成纤维细胞生长因子(aFGF)在宫颈癌发生发展中的作用及其信号传导机制.方法应用逆转录-聚合酶链反应技术(RT-PCR)对36例宫颈癌组织aFGF 及其受体FGFR1的表达进行了分析;并以不同浓度的aFGF 和酪氨酸蛋白激酶(TPK)抑制剂genistein诱导宫颈癌细胞株HeLa细胞,[γ-32P]ATP掺入外源性底物的方法,液体闪烁测定蛋白激酶C(PKC)及细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK)的活性.结果 aFGF mRNA 和FGFR1 mRNA在宫颈癌组织中的半定量检测结果分别为(1.233±0.064)和(1.168±0.103),与正常宫颈组织相比,差异有显著性(P<0.05),且在Ⅲ~Ⅳ期宫颈癌中的表达水平明显高于Ⅰ~Ⅱ期(P<0.05);随着aFGF浓度的增加,HeLa细胞PKC及ERK 活性随之升高,与aFGF浓度呈剂量依赖效应;genistein抑制细胞内PKC及ERK 活性,与genistein 浓度亦呈剂量依赖效应.结论提示aFGF 与宫颈癌的发生、发展、浸润呈正相关,其受体具有TPK活性,TPK激活后可进一步激活PKC和ERK,进一步证明PKC及ERK确是TPK的下游信号分子.  相似文献   
105.
李扬帆 《医药论坛杂志》2004,25(21):19-20,27
目的 研究胃癌组织中ERK - 1和ERK - 2的表达特点和意义。方法 常规石蜡包埋行ERK - 1及ERK - 2免疫组织化学染色。结果 ERK - 1、ERK - 2在胃腺癌、粘液癌和印戒细胞癌中表达率无明显差异 ;Ⅲ /Ⅳ期、低分化、癌细胞浸润至深肌层或浆膜层和淋巴结转移的组织ERK - 1、ERK - 2过表达明显高于Ⅰ /Ⅱ期、高分化、癌细胞未浸润至深肌层和淋巴结未转移组织 ,差异均有显著或非常显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 ERK - 1和ERK - 2表达与胃癌发生发展、生物学行为和预后可能有关 ,可作为重要的生物学标记物  相似文献   
106.
Long considered merely a trophic and mechanical support to neurons, astrocytes have progressively taken the center stage as their ability to react to acute and chronic neurodegenerative situations became increasingly clear. Reactive astrogliosis starts when trigger molecules produced at the injury site drive astrocytes to leave their quiescent state and become activated. Distinctive morphological and biochemical features characterize this process (cell hypertrophy, upregulation of intermediate filaments, and increased cell proliferation). Moreover, reactive astrocytes migrate towards the injured area to constitute the glial scar, and release factors mediating the tissue inflammatory response and remodeling after lesion. A novel view of astrogliosis derives from the finding that subsets of reactive astrocytes can recapitulate stem cell/progenitor features after damage, fostering the concept of astroglia as a promising target for reparative therapies. But which biochemical/signaling pathways modulate astrogliosis with respect to both the time after injury and the type of damage? Are reactive astrocytes overall beneficial or detrimental for neuroprotection and tissue regeneration? This debate has been animating this research field for several years now, and an integrated view on the results obtained and the possible future perspectives is needed. With this Commentary article we have attempted to answer the above-mentioned questions by reviewing the current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms controlling and sustaining the reaction of astroglia to injury and its stem cell-like properties. Moreover, the cellular/molecular mechanisms supporting the detrimental or beneficial features of astrogliosis have been scrutinized to gain insights on possible pharmacological approaches to enhance astrocyte neuroprotective activities.  相似文献   
107.
Introduction: The dual leucine zipper kinase (DLK, MAP3K12) is essential for neuronal development and has been shown to mediate axon regeneration. On the other hand, DLK is involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disease and diabetes mellitus. Several patents have been published claiming to modulate or inhibit DLK by various approaches including ATP competitive inhibitors. In addition, two publications describe SAR of highly selective DLK inhibitors with efficacy in distinct mouse models of neurodegeneration.

Areas covered: This review summarized patents claiming to modulate DLK activity published between 2010 and 2015. Peer-reviewed publications related to the patents and additional peer-reviewed publications are included. This article describes 18 patents from three pharmaceutical companies and three academic research groups.

Expert opinion: Several methods are proposed to modulate DLK activity, some of them very experimental and not suitable for easy application in patients. ATP competitive kinase inhibitors exert high affinity, but for the majority, no information about their selectivity is available. To date, two inhibitors have been tested in mice. Given the controversial findings that DLK is required for neurodegeneration and for axon regeneration, more research is needed to further elucidate the regulation and the function of this kinase in diverse organs/tissues and under physiological and pathological conditions.  相似文献   
108.
Objective: Treatment options for patients with rheumatoid arthritis on maintenance hemodialysis with an inadequate response to biologic agents have not been reported. In this report, we describe two patients who achieved remission after treatment with peficitinib.Methods: Two 69- and 85-year-old patients with rheumatoid arthritis on maintenance hemodialysis were previously treated with biologics and started on peficitinib 100 mg/day after the secondary failure of biologics.Discussion: In the two cases presented here, rheumatoid arthritis was almost in remission and there were no adverse events, although the patients were switched to peficitinib after secondary failure of the biologic agents. Among Janus kinase inhibitors, peficitinib has the lowest renal excretion; therefore, its administration in patients on dialysis is not contraindicated according to the package insert in Japan. The use of biologic agents in patients on hemodialysis has been reported to be associated with a high incidence of infections; therefore, care should be taken to avoid infections when administering Janus kinase inhibitors.Conclusion: Janus kinase inhibitors with low renal excretion, such as peficitinib, may be effective in patients with rheumatoid arthritis on maintenance hemodialysis who have an inadequate response to biologic agents.  相似文献   
109.
BackgroundEpidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are currently recognized as the standard treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR mutations. Clinically found patients with different EGFR mutational status have different prognosis.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was performed to explore the relationship between EGFR mutations and abundance with patient survival by using patient data from the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University between January 2013 and November 2016. All patients involved in the present study had sensitive EGFR mutations [either exon 19 deletion (DEL) or exon 21 L858R] and treated by EGFR-TKIs. They were followed up every three months until lost or dead. Mutation abundance was calculated as the copies of EGFR mutation divided by copies of EGFR locus, and the cut-off values for 19DEL and L858R were 4.9% and 9.5%, respectively.ResultsTotal of 236 patients were included, comprising 116 (49.2%) patients with 19DEL mutation and 120 (50.8%) patients with L858R mutation. The median follow-up duration was 23.2 months (95% CI: 14.9–26.7 months). Overall survival (OS) was significantly longer in patients with 19DEL mutation (20.9 months, 95% CI: 17.7–24.1 months versus 17.0 months, 95% CI: 14.4–19.6 months in patients with L858R; P=0.008) and in patients with high mutation abundance (20.9 months, 95% CI: 18.3–23.5 months versus 13.0 months, 95% CI: 10.3–15.7 months in patients with low mutation abundance; P<0.001). Multivariate Cox regression including age, performance status and tumor stage revealed that longer OS was independently associated with 19DEL mutation (HR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.39–0.67, P=0.033) and high mutation abundance (HR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.50–0.79, P=0.027).ConclusionsEGFR mutation types and abundance was associated with the patients’ survival which might be used to predict the efficacy of targeted therapy by EGFR-TKIs.  相似文献   
110.
BackgroundHepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) occur frequently in the digestive system and are associated with high mortality. This current study examined the regulatory relationship between interleukin (IL)-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1), NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes, and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the growth and metastasis of HCC.MethodsThe expression of IRAK1 and NLRP3 was assessed in tissues and cells via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. Immunohistology was performed to detect the macrophage markers CD68, CD163, and CD168 in tumor tissues. Small interfering (si)RNA targeting IRAK1 (si-IRAK1) was designed to silence IRAK1 expression. Following si-IRAK1 transfection and/or co-culture with TAMs, HCC cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion, as well as the expression of NLRP3 and pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1 β, IL-18, and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) were assessed.ResultsHCC tissues showed elevated expression of IRAK1 and NLRP3, as well as increased expression of the macrophage markers CD68, CD163, and CD168, compared to adjacent healthy tissues. Silencing of IRAK1 expression in HepG2 and Huh7 cells resulted in suppression of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and also reduced expression of NLRP3 and the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-18, and MCP-1. Moreover, TAMs promoted HepG2 and Huh7 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and elevated the expression of NLRP3, IL-1β, IL-18, and MCP-1. Furthermore, IRAK1 silencing reversed the effects of TAMs on HepG2 and Huh7 cells.ConclusionsThe expression of IRAK1 was associated with HCC growth and metastasis, as well as NLRP3 inflammasome activation. The ability of TAMs to promote HCC growth and metastasis may be activated by NLRP3 inflammasomes and regulated by IRAK1.  相似文献   
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